Diverse compost products influence soil bacterial and fungal community diversity in a potato crop production system

Our understanding on the effects of tillage intensity on the soil microbial community structure and composition in crop production systems are limited. This study evaluated the soil microbial community composition and diversity under different tillage management systems in an effort to identify management practices that effectively support sustainable agriculture. We report results from a three-year study to determine the effects on changes in soil microbial diversity and composition from four tillage intensity treatments and two residue management treatments in a corn-soybean production system using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Soil samples were collected from tillage treatments at locations in the Southern Coastal Plain (Verona, Mississippi, USA) and Southern Mississippi River Alluvium (Stoneville, Mississippi, USA) for soil analysis and bacterial community characterization. Our results indicated that different tillage intensity treatments differentially changed the relative abundances of bacterial phyla. The Mantel test of correlations indicated that differences among bacterial community composition were significantly influenced by tillage regime (rM = 0.39, p ≤ 0.0001). Simpson’s reciprocal diversity index indicated greater bacterial diversity with reduction in tillage intensity for each year and study location. For both study sites, differences in tillage intensity had significant influence on the abundance of Proteobacteria. The shift in the soil bacterial community composition under different tillage systems was strongly correlated to changes in labile carbon pool in the system and how it affected the microbial metabolism. This study indicates that soil management through tillage intensity regime had a profound influence on diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities in a corn-soybean production system.

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Soil bacterial and fungal community responses to nitrogen addition across soil depth and microhabitat in an arid shrubland

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2015.00891 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Rebecca C. Mueller ◽

Jayne Belnap ◽

Cheryl R. Kuske

Keyword(s):

Fungal Community ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Nitrogen Addition ◽

Community Responses ◽

Soil Bacterial

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Changes in soil bacterial and fungal community composition and functional groups during the succession of boreal forests

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108393 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 108393

Author(s):

Shuai Jiang ◽

Yajuan Xing ◽

Guancheng Liu ◽

Chunyi Hu ◽

Xiaochun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Community Composition ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Boreal Forests ◽

Fungal Community Composition ◽

Soil Bacterial

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Surface lime and silicate application and crop production system effects on physical characteristics of a Brazilian Oxisol

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr16247 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (8) ◽

pp. 778

Author(s):

G. S. A. Castro ◽

C. A. C. Crusciol ◽

C. A. Rosolem ◽

J. C. Calonego ◽

K. R. Brye

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Production System ◽

Crop Production ◽

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

Forage Crop

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of crop rotations and soil acidity amelioration on soil physical properties of an Oxisol (Rhodic Ferralsol or Red Ferrosol in the Australian Soil Classification) from October 2006 to September 2011 in Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Treatments consisted of four soybean (Glycine max)–maize (Zea mays)–rice (Oryza sativa) rotations that differed in their off-season crop, either a signal grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) forage crop, a second crop, a cover crop, or fallow. Two acid-neutralising materials, dolomitic lime (effective calcium carbonate equivalent (ECCE) = 90%) and calcium-magnesium silicate (ECCE = 80%), were surface applied to raise the soil’s base saturation to 70%. Selected soil physical characteristics were evaluated at three depths (0–0.1, 0.1–0.2, and 0.2–0.4 m). In the top 0.1 m, soil bulk density was lowest (P < 0.05) and macroporosity and aggregate stability index were greatest (P < 0.05) in the forage crop compared with all other production systems. Also, bulk density was lower (P < 0.05) and macroporosity was greater (P < 0.05) in the acid-neutralising-amended than the unamended control soil. In the 0.1–0.2-m interval, mean weight diameter and mean geometric diameter were greater (P < 0.05) in the forage crop compared with all other production systems. All soil properties evaluated in this study in the 0.2–0.4-m interval were unaffected by production system or soil amendment after five complete cropping cycles. Results of this study demonstrated that certain soil physical properties can be improved in a no-tillage soybean–maize–rice rotation using a forage crop in the off-season and with the addition of acid-neutralising soil amendments. Any soil and crop management practices that improve soil physical properties will likely contribute to sustaining long-term soil and crop productivity in areas with highly weathered, organic matter-depleted, acidic Oxisols.

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Patterns of Sediment Fungal Community Dependent on Farming Practices in Aquaculture Ponds

Frontiers in Microbiology ◽

10.3389/fmicb.2021.542064 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Zhimin Zhang ◽

Qinghui Deng ◽

Xiuyun Cao ◽

Yiyong Zhou ◽

Chunlei Song

Keyword(s):

Carbon Content ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Yangtze River Basin ◽

Community Diversity ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Limited Attention ◽

Farming Practices ◽

Aquaculture Ponds ◽

Pond Sediments ◽

Sediment Carbon

Despite fungi playing an important role in nutrient decomposition in aquatic ecosystems and being considered as vital actors in the ecological processes, they received limited attention regarding the community in aquaculture pond sediments which are extremely important and typically disturbed habitats. Using an ITS1 region of fungal rDNA, this study aimed to investigate sediment fungal communities in fish, crab, and crayfish ponds for decades of farming practices at representative aquaculture regions in the middle Yangtze River basin, China. We then aimed to explore the community patterns associated with species-based farming practices in the ponds at 18 farms. The results showed that the pond sediments harbored more than 9,000 operational taxonomic units. The sediments had significantly higher alpha diversity in crab ponds compared to that in fish and crayfish ponds. The fungal phyla largely belonged to Ascomycota and Chytridiomycota, and the dominance of Rozellomycota over Basidiomycota and Aphelidiomycota was observed. The majority of sediment fungal members were ascribed to unclassified fungi, with higher proportions in fish ponds than crab and crayfish ponds. Further, the fungal communities were markedly distinct among the three types of ponds, suggesting divergent patterns of fungal community assemblages caused by farming practices in aquaculture ponds. The community diversity and structure were closely correlated to sediment properties, especially sediment carbon content and pH. Thus, the distribution and pattern of fungal communities in the sediments appear to primarily depend on species-based farming practices responsible for the resulting sediment carbon content and pH in aquaculture ponds. This study provides a detailed snapshot and extension of understanding fungal community structure and variability in pond ecosystems, highlighting the impacts of farming practices on the assembly and succession of sediment fungal communities in aquaculture ponds.

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Microbial diversity in raw milk and Sayram Ketteki from southern of Xinjiang, China

10.1101/2021.03.15.435442 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dongla Gao ◽

Weihua Wang ◽

Zhanjiang Han ◽

Qian Xi ◽

Ruicheng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Throughput ◽

Fungal Community ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Principal Component ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Fermented Milk ◽

Community Diversity ◽

Sampling Location ◽

Fungal Community Structure ◽

Microbial Resources

Raw milk and fermented milk are rich in microbial resources, which are essential for the formation of texture, flavor and taste. In order to gain a deeper knowledge of the bacterial and fungal community diversity in local raw milk and home-made yogurts from Sayram town, Baicheng county, Akesu area, southern of Xinjiang, China,30 raw milk and 30 home-made yogurt samples were collected and experiment of high-throughput sequencing was implemented.The results of experiments revealed the species of fungi in raw milk was the most, and the species of bacteria in fermented milk was the least.Based on principal component analysis (PCA), it was found that the bacterial and fungal community structure differed in samples from two types of dairy products.And the presence of 15 bacterial and 12 fungal phyla, comprising 218 bacterial and 495 fungal genera respectively, among all samples. Firmicutes and Ascomycota,Lactobacillus and Candida were the predominant phyla and genera of bacteria and fungi, respectively. The results indicated that the microbial community of raw milk differs from home-made yogurts due to sampling location and manufacturing process. The study suggested that high-throughput sequencing could provide a better understanding of microbiological diversity as well as lay a theoretical foundation for selecting beneficial microbial resources from this natural yogurt.

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Optimal spacing and cultivation intensity for an industrialized crop production system

Agricultural Systems ◽

10.1016/s0308-521x(99)00057-8 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 143-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

I. Seginer ◽

I. Ioslovich

Keyword(s):

Production System ◽

Crop Production ◽

Optimal Spacing

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