Dietary protein complexity modulates growth, protein utilisation and the expression of protein digestion-related genes in Senegalese sole larvae

Aquaculture ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 479 ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Canada ◽  
Luís E.C. Conceição ◽  
Sara Mira ◽  
Rita Teodósio ◽  
Jorge M.O. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Senegalese Sole ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Protein Utilisation

scholarly journals Carbohydrate Coingestion Delays Dietary Protein Digestion and Absorption but Does Not Modulate Postprandial Muscle Protein Accretion

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 2250-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H. M. Gorissen ◽  
Nicholas A. Burd ◽  
Henrike M. Hamer ◽  
Annemie P. Gijsen ◽  
Bart B. Groen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Protein Digestion

scholarly journals Protein Type, Protein Dose, and Age Modulate Dietary Protein Digestion and Phenylalanine Absorption Kinetics and Plasma Phenylalanine Availability in Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (8) ◽  
pp. 2041-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan H M Gorissen ◽  
Jorn Trommelen ◽  
Imre W K Kouw ◽  
Andrew M Holwerda ◽  
Bart Pennings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Absorption Kinetics ◽  
Acid Absorption ◽  
Amino Acid Absorption ◽  
Type Protein ◽  
Protein Ingestion

ABSTRACT Background Dietary protein ingestion stimulates muscle protein synthesis by providing amino acids to the muscle. The magnitude and duration of the postprandial increase in muscle protein synthesis rates are largely determined by dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics. Objective We assessed the impact of protein type, protein dose, and age on dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics in vivo in humans. Methods We included data from 18 randomized controlled trials with a total of 602 participants [age: 53 ± 23 y; BMI (kg/m2): 24.8 ± 3.3] who consumed various quantities of intrinsically l-[1-13C]-phenylalanine–labeled whey (n = 137), casein (n = 393), or milk (n = 72) protein and received intravenous infusions of l-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, which allowed us to assess protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics and the postprandial release of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine into the circulation. The effect of aging on these processes was assessed in a subset of 82 young (aged 22 ± 3 y) and 83 older (aged 71 ± 5 y) individuals. Results A total of 50% ± 14% of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine appeared in the circulation over a 5-h postprandial period. Casein ingestion resulted in a smaller (45% ± 11%), whey protein ingestion in an intermediate (57% ± 10%), and milk protein ingestion in a greater (65% ± 13%) fraction of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine appearing in the circulation (P < 0.001). The postprandial availability of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine in the circulation increased with the ingestion of greater protein doses (P < 0.05). Protein digestion and phenylalanine absorption kinetics were attenuated in older when compared with young individuals, with 45% ± 10% vs. 51% ± 14% of dietary protein–derived phenylalanine appearing in the circulation, respectively (P = 0.001). Conclusions Protein type, protein dose, and age modulate dietary protein digestion and amino acid absorption kinetics and subsequent postprandial plasma amino acid availability in vivo in humans. These trials were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00557388, NCT00936039, NCT00991523, NCT01317511, NCT01473576, NCT01576848, NCT01578590, NCT01615276, NCT01680146, NCT01820975, NCT01986842, and NCT02596542, and at http://www.trialregister.nl as NTR3638, NTR3885, NTR4060, NTR4429, and NTR4492.

scholarly journals The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghee Park ◽  
David D. Church ◽  
Carlene Starck ◽  
Scott E. Schutzler ◽  
Gohar Azhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Green Kiwifruit

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to determine if an actinidin protease aids gastric digestion and the protein anabolic response to dietary protein. Methods Hayward green kiwifruit (containing an actinidin protease) and Hort 16A gold kiwifruit (devoid of actinidin protease) were given in conjunction with a beef meal to healthy older subjects. Twelve healthy older males (N = 6) and females (N = 6) were studied with a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design to assess muscle and whole-body protein metabolism before and after ingestion of kiwifruit and 100 g of ground beef. Subjects consumed 2 of each variety of kiwifruit daily for 14 d prior to each metabolic study, and again during each study with beef intake. Results Hayward green kiwifruit consumption with beef resulted in a more rapid increase in peripheral plasma essential amino acid concentrations. There were significant time by kiwifruit intake interactions for plasma concentrations of EAAs, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), and leucine (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the total amount of EAAs absorbed. As a result, there were no differences between kiwifruit in any of the measured parameters of protein kinetics. Conclusion Consumption of Hayward green kiwifruit, with a beef meal facilitates protein digestion and absorption of the constituent amino acids as compared to Hort 16A gold kiwifruit. Clinical trial NCT04356573, April 21, 2020 “retrospectively registered”.

Protein Digestion in Weanling Pigs: Effect of Dietary Protein Source

1989 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 1093-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Asche ◽  
Austin J. Lewis ◽  
Ernest R. Peo,
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Dietary Protein Source

scholarly journals Protein utilisation and intermediary metabolism of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) as a function of protein:lipid ratio

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (8) ◽  
pp. 1373-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Borges ◽  
Françoise Medale ◽  
Jorge Dias ◽  
Luísa M. P. Valente
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Dietary Lipid ◽  
Solea Senegalensis ◽  
Senegalese Sole ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Dietary Starch

Previous experiments with Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) have demonstrated that dietary lipid levels above 8 % impaired growth and did not promote protein retention. We hypothesised that this low ability to use high-lipid diets may depend on the dietary protein level. In the present study, a 2 × 2 factorial design was applied where two dietary lipid (4–17 % DM) and two dietary protein (below and above the requirement levels, 48 and 54 % DM) levels were tested in juveniles for 114 d. Growth performance was not improved by the increase in dietary fat, irrespectively of the dietary protein levels. Protein retention was similar among the diets, although fish fed the diets with high lipid content resulted in significantly lower protein gain. Among the enzymes involved in amino acid catabolism, only aspartate aminotransferase activity in the liver was affected by the dietary lipid levels, being stimulated in fish fed high-lipid diets. Moreover, phosphofructokinase 1 activity was significantly elevated in the muscle of Senegalese sole fed 4 % lipid diets, suggesting enhanced glycolysis in the muscle when the dietary lipid supply was limited and dietary starch increased. The results confirmed that high-lipid diets do not enhance growth, and data from the selected enzymes support the assumption that lipids are not efficiently used for energy production and protein sparing, even when dietary protein is below the protein requirement of the species. Furthermore, data suggest a significant role of glucose as the energy source in Senegalese sole.

Increased protein level of PEPT1 intestinal H+-peptide cotransporter upregulates absorption of glycylsarcosine and ceftibuten in 5/6 nephrectomized rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (4) ◽  
pp. G664-G670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriko Shimizu ◽  
Satohiro Masuda ◽  
Kumiko Nishihara ◽  
Lin Ji ◽  
Masahiro Okuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Peptide Transporter ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Progression Of Renal Failure ◽  
Progression Of Renal Disease ◽  
Drug Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Pept1 Mrna

In chronic renal failure (CRF), dietary protein is one of the factors that deteriorates residual renal functions. Numerous studies have indicated that the products of protein digestion are mainly absorbed as small peptides. However, how small peptides are absorbed in CRF remains poorly understood. H+-coupled peptide transporter (PEPT1/ SLC15A1) plays an important role in the absorption of small peptides and peptide-like drugs in the small intestine. Because dietary protein intake is one of the risk factors for renal failure, the alteration of intestinal PEPT1 might have implications in the progression of renal disease as well as the pharmacokinetics of peptide-like drugs. In this study, we examined the alteration of intestinal PEPT1 in 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6 NR) rats, extensively used as a model of chronic renal failure. Absorption of [14C]glycylsarcosine and ceftibuten was significantly increased in 5/6 NR rats compared with sham-operated rats, without a change in intestinal protease activity. Western blot analysis indicated that the amount of intestinal PEPT1 protein in 5/6 NR rats was increased mainly at the upper region. On the other hand, the amount of intestinal PEPT1 mRNA was not significantly different from that of sham-operated rats. These findings indicate that the increase in absorption of small peptides and peptide-like drugs, caused by the upregulation of intestinal PEPT1 protein, might contribute to the progression of renal failure as well as the alteration of drug pharmacokinetics.

Ingestion of Casein in a Milk Matrix Modulates Dietary Protein Digestion and Absorption Kinetics but Does Not Modulate Postprandial Muscle Protein Synthesis in Older Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (7) ◽  
pp. 1438-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler A Churchward-Venne ◽  
Tim Snijders ◽  
Armand MA Linkens ◽  
Henrike M Hamer ◽  
Janneau van Kranenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Absorption Kinetics
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