Coronary calcification and coronary heart disease death rates in different countries, not only the influence of classical risk factors

2009 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul D. Santos ◽  
Khuram Nasir ◽  
Jose A.M. Carvalho ◽  
Paolo Raggi ◽  
Roger S. Blumenthal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Calcification ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Death ◽  
Death Rates

Coronary heart disease: Epidemiology and prevention

2020 ◽  
pp. 3603-3616
Author(s):  
Goodarz Danaei ◽  
Kazem Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Fatal Myocardial Infarction

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is now the leading cause of death and disability globally. Despite recent declines in age-adjusted death rates from CHD, the number of CHD deaths have been increasing due to a combination of growth in population numbers and their longevity. In addition, manifestation and outcome of CHD varies substantially between and within countries. Unlike many other common medical conditions that disable and kill and remain unpreventable, CHD is to a large extent preventable. There are strong, unconfounded relationships between several risk factors and CHD mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction. The most important risk factors for CHD are smoking, high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, and obesity. Controlling these risk factors, even in middle-aged individuals, through lifestyle changes, medical treatment, or public health interventions, may reduce CHD incidence by almost one-half.

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