scholarly journals Transport of black carbon from planetary boundary layer to free troposphere during the summer monsoon over South Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 104761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Singh ◽  
Pradip Sarawade ◽  
Bhupesh Adhikary
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Free Troposphere

scholarly journals Aircraft observations of enhancement and depletion of black carbon mass in the springtime Arctic

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 15167-15196
Author(s):  
J. R. Spackman ◽  
R. S. Gao ◽  
W. D. Neff ◽  
J. P. Schwarz ◽  
L. A. Watts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Boundary Layer Transition ◽  
Arctic Climate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Understanding the processes controlling black carbon (BC) in the Arctic is crucial for evaluating the impact of anthropogenic and natural sources of BC on Arctic climate. Vertical profiles of BC mass were observed from the surface to near 7-km altitude in April 2008 using a Single-Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) during flights on the NOAA WP-3D research aircraft from Fairbanks, Alaska. These measurements were conducted during the NOAA-sponsored Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC) project as part of POLARCAT, an International Polar Year (IPY) activity. In the free troposphere, the Arctic air mass was influenced by long-range transport from biomass-burning and anthropogenic source regions at lower latitudes especially during the latter part of the campaign. Maximum average BC mass loadings of 150 ng kg−1 were observed near 5.5-km altitude in the aged Arctic air mass. In biomass-burning plumes, BC was enhanced from near the top of the Arctic boundary layer (ABL) to 5.5 km compared to the aged Arctic air mass. At the bottom of some of the profiles, positive vertical gradients in BC were observed in the vicinity of open leads in the sea-ice. BC mass loadings increased by about a factor of two across the boundary layer transition in the ABL in these cases while carbon monoxide (CO) remained constant, evidence for depletion of BC in the ABL. BC mass loadings were positively correlated with O3 in ozone depletion events (ODEs) for all the observations in the ABL suggesting that BC was removed by dry deposition of BC on the snow or ice because molecular bromine, Br2, which photolyzes and catalytically destroys O3, is thought to be released near the open leads in regions of ice formation. We estimate the deposition flux of BC mass to the snow using a box model constrained by the vertical profiles of BC in the ABL. The open leads may increase vertical mixing in the ABL and entrainment of pollution from the free troposphere possibly enhancing the deposition of BC to the snow.

Investigation of the association of black carbon and PM1 with planetary boundary layer in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Chuanjiang Zhang ◽  
Mengyun Lou ◽  
Junli Jin ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer

scholarly journals Size dependence of wet removal of black carbon aerosols during transport from the boundary layer to the free troposphere

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (13) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Moteki ◽  
Y. Kondo ◽  
N. Oshima ◽  
N. Takegawa ◽  
M. Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
Carbon Aerosols ◽  
Wet Removal ◽  
Black Carbon Aerosols

scholarly journals Particle Climatology in Central East China Retrieved from Measurements in Planetary Boundary Layer and in Free Troposphere at a 1500-m-High Mountaintop Site

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojing Shen ◽  
Junying Sun ◽  
Xiaoye Zhang ◽  
Niku Kivekäs ◽  
Yangmei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
East China ◽  
Free Troposphere

scholarly journals Efficient Vertical Transport of Black Carbon in the Planetary Boundary Layer

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dantong Liu ◽  
Kang Hu ◽  
Delong Zhao ◽  
Shuo Ding ◽  
Yunfei Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Vertical Transport

scholarly journals Transport of aerosols over the French Riviera – link between ground-based lidar and spaceborne observations

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 3885-3904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Chazette ◽  
Julien Totems ◽  
Xiaoxia Shang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
Multidisciplinary Program ◽  
Ground Based Lidar ◽  
Dust Events ◽  
French Riviera

Abstract. For the first time, a 355 nm backscatter N2-Raman lidar has been deployed on the western part of the French Riviera to investigate the vertical aerosol structure in the troposphere. This lidar system, based at the AERONET site of Toulon–La Garde, performed continuous measurements from 24 June to 17 July 2014, within the framework of the multidisciplinary program Mediterranean Integrated Studies at the Regional and Local Scales (MISTRALS). By coupling these observations with those of the spaceborne instruments Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI), and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS), the spatial extents of the aerosol structures are investigated. The origins of the aerosol plumes are determined using back trajectories computed by the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT). This synergy allowed us to highlight plumes of particulate pollutants moving in the low and medium free troposphere (up to ∼5 km above the mean sea level) towards the French Riviera. This pollution originates from the Spanish coast, more particularly from Costa Blanca (including Murcia) and Costa Brava–Costa Daurada (including Barcelona). It is mainly due to traffic, but also to petrochemical activities in these two regions. Desert aerosol plumes were also sampled by the lidar. The sources of desert aerosols have been identified as the Grand Erg Occidental and Grand Erg Oriental. During desert dust events, we highlight significant differences in the optical characteristics in terms of the backscatter-to-extinction ratio (BER, inverse of the lidar ratio) between the planetary boundary layer, with 0.024 sr−1 (∼42 sr), and the free troposphere, with 0.031 sr−1 (∼32 sr). These differences are greatly reduced in the case of pollution aerosol plume transport in the free troposphere (i.e., 0.021 and 0.025 sr−1). Transported pollution aerosols appear to have similar BER to what is emitted locally. Moreover, using the correlation matrix between lidar aerosol extinction profiles as a function of altitude, we find that during transport events in the low free troposphere, aerosols may be transferred into the planetary boundary layer. We also note that the relative humidity, which is generally higher in the planetary boundary layer (>80 %), is found to have no significant effect on the BER.

scholarly journals Transport of aerosols over the French Riviera – Link between ground- based lidar and spaceborne observations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Chazette ◽  
Julien Totems ◽  
Xiaoxia Shang
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Planetary Boundary Layer ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Orthogonal Polarization ◽  
Free Troposphere ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
Infrared Imager ◽  
Ground Based Lidar ◽  
Dust Events ◽  
French Riviera

Abstract. For the first time, a backscatter N2-Raman lidar has been deployed on the western part of the French Riviera to investigate the vertical aerosol structure in the troposphere. This lidar system, based at the AERONET site of Toulon-La Garde, performed continuous measurements from 24 June to 17 July 2014, within the framework of the multidisciplinary programme Mediterranean Integrated Studies at the Regional and Local Scales (MISTRALS). By coupling these observations with those of the spaceborne instruments Cloud-Aerosol LIdar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometers (MODIS), the spatial extents of the aerosol structures are investigated. The origins of the aerosol plumes are determined using back trajectories computed by the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT). This synergy allowed to highlight plumes of particulate pollutants moving in the low and medium free troposphere (up to ~ 5 km above the mean sea level) towards the French Riviera. This pollution originates from the Spanish coast, and more particularly from Costa Blanca (including Murcia) and Costa Brava/Costa Daurada (including Barcelona). It is mainly due to traffic, but also to petrochemical activities in these two regions. Desert aerosol plumes were also sampled by the lidar. The sources of desert aerosols have been identified as the Grand Erg Occidental and Grand Erg Oriental. During desert dust events, we highlight significant differences in the optical characteristics, in terms of backscatter to extinction ratio (BER, inverse of the lidar ratio), between the planetary boundary layer, with 0.024 sr−1 (~ 42 sr), and the free troposphere, with 0.031 sr−1 (~ 32 sr). These differences are greatly reduced in the case of pollution aerosol plumes transport in the free troposphere (i.e. 0.021 and 0.025 sr−1). Transported pollution aerosols appear as having similar BER to what is emitted locally. Moreover, using the correlation matrix between lidar aerosol extinction profiles as a function of altitude, we find that during transport events in the low free troposphere, aerosols may be transferred into the planetary boundary layer. We note also that the relative humidity, which is generally higher in the planetary boundary layer (> 80 %), is found to have no significant effect on the BER.

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