When lexical selection gets tough, the LIFG gets going: A lesion analysis study of interference during word production

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.T. Schnur ◽  
E. Lee ◽  
H.B. Coslett ◽  
M.F. Schwartz ◽  
S.L. Thompson-Schill
Keyword(s):  
Word Production ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Analysis Study ◽  
Lesion Analysis

Word form retrieval in language production

2007 ◽  
pp. 470-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antje S. Meyer ◽  
Eva Belke
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Knowledge Building ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Phonological Representations ◽  
Phonological Knowledge ◽  
Phonetic Code ◽  
Selection Of

Current models of word form retrieval converge on central assumptions. They all distinguish between morphological, phonological, and phonetic representations and processes; they all assume morphological and phonological decomposition, and agree on the main processing units at these levels. In addition, all current models of word form postulate the same basic retrieval mechanisms: activation and selection of units. Models of word production often distinguish between processes concerning the selection of a single word unit from the mental lexicon and the retrieval of the associated word form. This article explores lexical selection and word form retrieval in language production. Following the distinctions in linguistic theory, it discusses morphological encoding, phonological encoding, and phonetic encoding. The article also considers the representation of phonological knowledge, building of phonological representations, segmental retrieval, retrieval of metrical information, generating the phonetic code of words, and a model of word form retrieval.

Brain-imaging studies of language production

2007 ◽  
pp. 546-564
Author(s):  
Peter Indefrey
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Code Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Independent Evidence

This article adopts the production model of Levelt to discuss brain imaging studies of continuous speech. Conclusions about the involvement of brain regions in processes of language production are mainly drawn on the basis of the presence or absence of processing components of speaking in certain experimental tasks. Such conclusions are largely theory independent, because differences between current models do not concern the assumed processing levels but the exact nature of the information flow between them. In a second step, the article tests some of these conclusions by comparing the few available data on activation time courses of brain regions and independent evidence on the timing of processes in language production. It also discusses brain regions involved in word production, conceptually driven lexical selection, phonological code (word form) retrieval, phonological encoding, phonetic encoding and articulation, self-monitoring, whether the hemodynamic core areas are necessary for word production, and bilingual language production.

Phonological and grammatical class cohorts in word production

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-97
Author(s):  
Pauline Pellet Cheneval ◽  
Marina Laganaro
Keyword(s):  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Cohort Size ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Facilitation Effect ◽  
Grammatical Class ◽  
Word Onset ◽  
Lexical Hypothesis ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract The lexical or sub-lexical loci of facilitation of word production by phonological cueing/priming are debated. We investigate whether phonological cues facilitate word production at the level of lexical selection by manipulating the size of the cohort of word onsets matching the cue. In the framework of lexical facilitation, a phonological cue corresponding to a small number of words should be more effective than a cue corresponding to a larger cohort. However, a lexical locus can clearly be inferred only if the facilitation effect in picture naming is modulated by a specific grammatical lexical cohort and not by the overall word onset cohort. Twenty-seven healthy participants performed an object/noun (Exp1) and an action/verb (Exp2) naming task with cues corresponding to large/small noun/verb onset cohorts. Results revealed that facilitation was modulated by the lexical onset cohort size of the cue in the target grammatical category. These results favour the lexical hypothesis and further suggest a categorical organization of the lexicon.

scholarly journals Phonological Neighborhood Effects in Spoken Word Production: An fMRI Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasun Peramunage ◽  
Sheila E. Blumstein ◽  
Emily B. Myers ◽  
Matthew Goldrick ◽  
Melissa Baese-Berk
Keyword(s):  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Minimal Pair ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Spoken Word Production

The current study examined the neural systems underlying lexically conditioned phonetic variation in spoken word production. Participants were asked to read aloud singly presented words, which either had a voiced minimal pair (MP) neighbor (e.g., cape) or lacked a minimal pair (NMP) neighbor (e.g., cake). The voiced neighbor never appeared in the stimulus set. Behavioral results showed longer voice-onset time for MP target words, replicating earlier behavioral results [Baese-Berk, M., & Goldrick, M. Mechanisms of interaction in speech production. Language and Cognitive Processes, 24, 527–554, 2009]. fMRI results revealed reduced activation for MP words compared to NMP words in a network including left posterior superior temporal gyrus, the supramarginal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and precentral gyrus. These findings support cascade models of spoken word production and show that neural activation at the lexical level modulates activation in those brain regions involved in lexical selection, phonological planning, and, ultimately, motor plans for production. The facilitatory effects for words with MP neighbors suggest that competition effects reflect the overlap inherent in the phonological representation of the target word and its MP neighbor.

scholarly journals Semantic interference is not modality specific: Evidence from sound naming with distractor pictures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Wöhner ◽  
Jörg D. Jescheniak ◽  
Andreas Mädebach
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Response Selection ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Semantic Interference ◽  
Task Interference ◽  
Central Processing ◽  
Selection Mechanisms ◽  
Dual Task Interference ◽  
Naming Tasks

In three experiments participants named environmental sounds (e.g., the bleating of a sheep by producing the word “sheep”) in the presence of distractor pictures. In Experiment 1 we observed faster responses in sound naming with congruent pictures (e.g., sheep; congruency facilitation) and slower responses with semantically related pictures (e.g., donkey; semantic interference), each compared to unrelated pictures (e.g., violin). In Experiments 2 and 3, we replicated these effects and used a psychological refractory period approach (combining an arrow decision or letter rotation task as task 1 with sound naming as task 2) to investigate the locus of the effects. Congruency facilitation was underadditive with dual -task interference suggesting that it arises, in part, during pre-central processing stages in sound naming (i.e., sound identification). In contrast, semantic interference was additive with dual -task interference suggesting that it arises during central (or post-central) processing stages in sound naming (i.e., response selection or later processes). These results demonstrate the feasibility of sound naming tasks for chronometric investigations of word production. Furthermore, they highlight that semantic interference is not restricted to the use of target pictures and distractor words but can be observed with quite different target-distractor configurations. The experiments support the view that congruency facilitation and semantic interference reflect some general cognitive mechanism involved in word production. These results are discussed in the context of the debate about semantic-lexical selection mechanisms in word production.

The plasticity of lexical selection mechanism in word production: ERP evidence from short-term language switching training in unbalanced Chinese–English bilinguals

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNYAN KANG ◽  
FENGYANG MA ◽  
TAOMEI GUO
Keyword(s):  
Naming Task ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Selection Mechanism ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Language Switching ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Experimental Group

The present study examined the plasticity of the lexical selection mechanism in bilingual word production by training a group of unbalanced Chinese–English bilinguals with a language switching task. The experimental group received an 8-day language switching training, while the control group received no training. Before and after training, the behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) data of both groups in a cued picture naming task were collected. ERP results revealed a training effect such that after training, the N2 peak latency in cue-locked ERPs was shortened only in the experimental group. These results suggest that short-term language switching experience could improve the efficiency to establish the target language task schema, and that the language control mechanism of word production in unbalanced bilinguals could be modulated by language switching experience.

Lexical access in spoken word production by bilinguals: evidence from the semantic competitor priming paradigm

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Wei Lee ◽  
John N. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Access ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Language Bias ◽  
Spoken Word Production ◽  
Priming Paradigm ◽  
Cross Language

The competitive nature of the lexical selection process during spoken word production is well established in monolinguals. In this paper we explore the implication of this process for spoken word production in bilinguals. A cross-language semantic competitor priming effect was demonstrated, which shows that cross-language lexical competition is a feature of the word production system of the unbalanced English–French bilinguals who participated in the experiment. Experimental evidence was also found which suggests that a selected language bias effected through inhibition of the unwanted language plays an important role in resolving the cross-language lexical competition during bilingual word production in a selected language. The data further suggest that the dominance of the unwanted language relative to the selected language determines the presence/absence or “strength” of inhibition through which the selected language bias is effected. These findings are also interpreted in terms of a recent language-specific lexical selection account of bilingual lexical access.

scholarly journals Lexical Selection in Multi-Word Production

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Janssen ◽  
Alfonso Caramazza
Keyword(s):  
Word Production ◽  
Lexical Selection

scholarly journals Network dynamics of Broca’s area during word selection

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R Conner ◽  
Cihan M Kadipasaoglu ◽  
Harel Z Shouval ◽  
Gregory Hickok ◽  
Nitin Tandon
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Word Production ◽  
Lexical Retrieval ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Broca’S Area ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Broca's Area ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Rapid Sequence ◽  
Word Selection

AbstractCurrent models of word-production in Broca’s area posit that sequential and staggered semantic, lexical, phonological and articulatory processes precede articulation. Using millisecond-resolution intra-cranial recordings, we evaluated spatiotemporal dynamics and high frequency functional interconnectivity between ventro-lateral prefrontal regions during single-word production. Through the systematic variation of retrieval, selection, and phonological loads, we identified specific activation profiles and functional coupling patterns between these regions that fit within current psycholinguistic theories of word production. However, network interactions underpinning these processes activate in parallel (not sequentially), while the processes themselves are indexed by specific changes in network state. We found evidence that suggests that pars orbitalis is coupled with pars triangularis during lexical retrieval, while lexical selection in Broca’s area is terminated via coupled activity with M1 at articulation onset. Taken together, this work reveals that speech production relies on very specific inter-regional couplings in rapid sequence in the language dominant hemisphere.

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