scholarly journals The balance of concentration between Prokineticin 2β and Prokineticin 2 modulates the food intake by STAT3 signaling

BBA Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 100028
Author(s):  
Daniela Maftei ◽  
Roberta Lattanzi ◽  
Martina Vincenzi ◽  
Silvia Squillace ◽  
Maria Rosaria Fullone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Prokineticin 2 ◽  
Stat3 Signaling

scholarly journals Increased Hypothalamic Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Phosphorylation after Hindbrain Leptin Injection

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 1509-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Ruiter ◽  
Patricia Duffy ◽  
Steven Simasko ◽  
Robert C. Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Janus Kinase ◽  
Signal Transducer ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Stat3 Signaling ◽  
Stat3 Phosphorylation ◽  
Transcription 3

Reduction of food intake and body weight by leptin is attributed largely to its action in the hypothalamus. However, the signaling splice variant of the leptin receptor, LRb, also is expressed in the hindbrain, and leptin injections into the fourth cerebral ventricle or dorsal vagal complex are associated with reductions of feeding and body weight comparable to those induced by forebrain leptin administration. Although these observations suggest direct hindbrain action of leptin on feeding and body weight, the possibility that hindbrain leptin administration also activates the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in the hypothalamus has not been investigated. Confirming earlier work, we found that leptin produced comparable reductions of feeding and body weight when injected into the lateral ventricle or the fourth ventricle. We also found that lateral and fourth ventricle leptin injections produced comparable increases of STAT3 phosphorylation in both the hindbrain and the hypothalamus. Moreover, injection of 50 ng of leptin directly into the nucleus of the solitary tract also increased STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamic arcuate and ventromedial nuclei. Increased hypothalamic STAT3 phosphorylation was not due to elevation of blood leptin concentrations and the pattern of STAT3 phosphorylation did not overlap distribution of the retrograde tracer, fluorogold, injected via the same cannula. Our observations indicate that even small leptin doses administered to the hindbrain can trigger leptin-related signaling in the forebrain, and raise the possibility that STAT3 phosphorylation in the hypothalamus may contribute to behavioral and metabolic changes observed after hindbrain leptin injections.

scholarly journals Peripheral administration of prokineticin 2 potently reduces food intake and body weight in mice via the brainstem

2012 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEL Beale ◽  
JV Gardiner ◽  
GA Bewick ◽  
K Hostomska ◽  
NA Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Prokineticin 2

scholarly journals Prokineticin 2 Is a Hypothalamic Neuropeptide That Potently Inhibits Food Intake

Diabetes ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Gardiner ◽  
A. Bataveljic ◽  
N. A. Patel ◽  
G. A. Bewick ◽  
D. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Prokineticin 2

Obesity and adiposity: the culprit of dietary protein efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-401
Author(s):  
Carla El-Mallah ◽  
Omar Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Reduce Sugar ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Limitations And Exceptions

Abstract Obesity and increased body adiposity have been alarmingly increasing over the past decades and have been linked to a rise in food intake. Many dietary restrictive approaches aiming at reducing weight have resulted in contradictory results. Additionally, some policies to reduce sugar or fat intake were not able to decrease the surge of obesity. This suggests that food intake is controlled by a physiological mechanism and that any behavioural change only leads to a short-term success. Several hypotheses have been postulated, and many of them have been rejected due to some limitations and exceptions. The present review aims at presenting a new theory behind the regulation of energy intake, therefore providing an eye-opening field for energy balance and a potential strategy for obesity management.

Modifications in food intake, leptin and CCK postprandial levels after Gastric Banding for morbid obesity

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A209-A209
Author(s):  
M LUCA ◽  
E CERVELLIN ◽  
F GALEAZZI ◽  
D LANARO ◽  
L BUSETTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Gastric Banding

Interaction of GLP-1 with gastric distension in regulating food intake and satiety in humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A208-A208
Author(s):  
L DEGEN ◽  
D MATZINGER ◽  
B FISCHER ◽  
F ZIMMERLI ◽  
M KNUPP ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Gastric Distension

Dietary intake of tryptophan tied emotion-related impulsivity in humans

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Javelle ◽  
Descartes Li ◽  
Philipp Zimmer ◽  
Sheri L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Psychological Disorder ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Tryptophan ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Three Factor

Abstract. Emotion-related impulsivity, defined as the tendency to say or do things that one later regret during periods of heightened emotion, has been tied to a broad range of psychopathologies. Previous work has suggested that emotion-related impulsivity is tied to an impaired function of the serotonergic system. Central serotonin synthesis relies on the intake of the essential amino acid, tryptophan and its ability to pass through the blood brain barrier. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between emotion-related impulsivity and tryptophan intake. Methods: Undergraduate participants (N = 25, 16 women, 9 men) completed a self-rated measure of impulsivity (Three Factor Impulsivity Index, TFI) and daily logs of their food intake and exercise. These data were coded using the software NutriNote to evaluate intakes of tryptophan, large neutral amino acids, vitamins B6/B12, and exercise. Results: Correlational analyses indicated that higher tryptophan intake was associated with significantly lower scores on two out of three subscales of the TFI, Pervasive Influence of Feelings scores r =  –.502, p < . 010, and (lack-of) Follow-Through scores, r =  –.407, p < . 050. Conclusion: Findings provide further evidence that emotion-related impulsivity is correlated to serotonergic indices, even when considering only food habits. It also suggests the need for more research on whether tryptophan supplements might be beneficial for impulsive persons suffering from a psychological disorder.

Food-Evoked Changes in Humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Walla ◽  
Maria Richter ◽  
Stella Färber ◽  
Ulrich Leodolter ◽  
Herbert Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Startle Response ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Response Amplitude ◽  
Response Modulation ◽  
Motivational States ◽  
Localization Analysis ◽  
Study Participants

Two experiments investigate effects related to food intake in humans. In Experiment 1, we measured startle response modulation while study participants ate ice cream, yoghurt, and chocolate. Statistical analysis revealed that ice cream intake resulted in the most robust startle inhibition compared to no food. Contrasting females and males, we found significant differences related to the conditions yoghurt and chocolate. In females, chocolate elicited the lowest response amplitude followed by yoghurt and ice cream. In males, chocolate produced the highest startle response amplitude even higher than eating nothing, whereas ice cream produced the lowest. Assuming that high response amplitudes reflect aversive motivation while low response amplitudes reflect appetitive motivational states, it is interpreted that eating ice cream is associated with the most appetitive state given the alternatives of chocolate and yoghurt across gender. However, in females alone eating chocolate, and in males alone eating ice cream, led to the most appetitive state. Experiment 2 was conducted to describe food intake-related brain activity by means of source localization analysis applied to electroencephalography data (EEG). Ice cream, yoghurt, a soft drink, and water were compared. Brain activity in rostral portions of the superior frontal gyrus was found in all conditions. No localization differences between conditions occurred. While EEG was found to be insensitive, startle response modulation seems to be a reliable method to objectively quantify motivational states related to the intake of different foods.

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