Comparison of the bone regeneration ability between stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, human dental pulp stem cells and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract Background The repair of critical-sized bone defects is always a challenging problem. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs), used as a physiotherapy for bone defects, have been suspected to cause potential hazards to human health due to the long-term exposure. To optimize the application of EMF while avoiding its adverse effects, a combination of EMF and tissue engineering techniques is critical. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of EMF will lead to better applications in the future. Methods In this research, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) seeded on 3D-printed scaffolds were treated with sinusoidal EMFs in vitro. Then, 5.5 mm critical-sized calvarial defects were created in rats, and the cell scaffolds were implanted into the defects. In addition, the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which EMFs regulate BMSCs were explored with various approaches to gain deeper insight into the effects of EMFs. Results The cell scaffolds treated with EMF successfully accelerated the repair of critical-sized calvarial defects. Further studies revealed that EMF could not directly induce the differentiation of BMSCs but improved the sensitivity of BMSCs to BMP signals by upregulating the quantity of specific BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) receptors. Once these receptors receive BMP signals from the surrounding milieu, a cascade of reactions is initiated to promote osteogenic differentiation via the BMP/Smad signalling pathway. Moreover, the cytokines secreted by BMSCs treated with EMF can better facilitate angiogenesis and osteoimmunomodulation which play fundamental roles in bone regeneration. Conclusion In summary, EMF can promote the osteogenic potential of BMSCs and enhance the paracrine function of BMSCs to facilitate bone regeneration. These findings highlight the profound impact of EMF on tissue engineering and provide a new strategy for the clinical treatment of bone defects.

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Silk-based hybrid microfibrous mats as guided bone regeneration membranes

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/d0tb02687e ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mi Wu ◽

Zhengyi Han ◽

Wen Liu ◽

Jinrong Yao ◽

Bingjiao Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Bone Regeneration ◽

Silk Fibroin ◽

Guided Bone Regeneration ◽

Regenerated Silk Fibroin ◽

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

LAPONITE® (LAP) nanoplatelets were incorporated within a regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) microfibrous mat via electrospinning, which exhibited better cell adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) than the pristine RSF ones.

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The Comparison of the Immunologic Properties of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth, Dental Pulp, and Dental Follicles

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2016/4682875 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Selin Yildirim ◽

Noushin Zibandeh ◽

Deniz Genc ◽

Elif Merve Ozcan ◽

Kamil Goker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Dental Pulp ◽

Fas Ligand ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Peripheral Blood ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Deciduous Teeth ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

Aim. To compare the effects of various mesenchymal stem cells, those isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs), dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).Method. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from three sources in the orofacial region. Characterization and PCR analyses were performed. Lymphocytes were isolated from healthy peripheral venous blood. Lymphocytes were cocultured with stem cells in the presence and absence of IFN-γand stimulated with anti-CD2, anti-CD3, and anti-CD28 for 3 days. Then, lymphocyte proliferation, the number of CD4+FoxP3+T regulatory cells, and the levels of Fas/Fas ligand, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γin the culture supernatant were measured.Results. The DFSCs exhibited an enhanced differentiation capacity and an increased number of CD4+FoxP3+T lymphocytes and suppressed the proliferation and apoptosis of PBMCs compared with SHEDs and DPSCs. The addition of IFN-γaugmented the proliferation of DFSCs. Furthermore, the DFSCs suppressed IL-4 and IFN-γcytokine levels and enhanced IL-10 levels compared with the other cell sources.Conclusion. These results suggest that IFN-γstimulates DFSCs by inducing an immunomodulatory effect on the PBMCs of healthy donors while suppressing apoptosis and proliferation and increasing the number of CD4+FoxP3+cells.

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