Effects of pulsed electric fields on exciton propagation efficiency along Müller cell intermediate filaments. Possible separation mechanism of high- and low-contrast vision images by eye-brain system

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Khmelinskii ◽  
Vladimir I. Makarov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
Separation Mechanism ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Brain System ◽  
Contrast Vision ◽  
Muller Cell

scholarly journals Volt-ampere characteristics of porcine retinal Müller cell intermediate filaments

2020 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
pp. 110532
Author(s):  
Vladimir Makarov ◽  
Igor Khmelinskii
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
Muller Cell

scholarly journals Foveolar Müller Cells of the Pied Flycatcher: Morphology and Distribution of Intermediate Filaments Regarding Cell Transparency

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia Zueva ◽  
Tatiana Golubeva ◽  
Elena Korneeva ◽  
Vladimir Makarov ◽  
Igor Khmelinskii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Müller Cells ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
Light Transport ◽  
Pied Flycatcher ◽  
Muller Cells ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Muller Cell ◽  
Reported Data

AbstractSpecialized intermediate filaments (IFs) have critical importance for the clearness and uncommon transparency of vertebrate lens fiber cells, although the physical mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Recently, an unusual low-scattering light transport was also described in retinal Müller cells. Exploring the function of IFs in Müller cells, we have studied the morphology and distribution pattern of IFs and other cytoskeletal filaments inside the Müller cell main processes in the foveolar part of the avian (pied flycatcher) retina. We found that some IFs surrounded by globular nanoparticles (that we suggest are crystallines) are present in almost every part of the Müller cells that span the retina, including the microvilli. Unlike IFs implicated in the mechanical architecture of the cell, these IFs are not connected to any specific cellular membranes. Instead, they are organized into bundles, passing inside the cell from the endfeet to the photoreceptor, following the geometry of the processes, and repeatedly circumventing numerous obstacles. We believe that the presently reported data effectively confirm that the model of nanooptical channels built of the IFs may provide a viable explanation of Müller cell transparency.

Demonstration of Retinal Glycogen with Silver Methenamine

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 564-565
Author(s):  
A. W. Sedar ◽  
G. H. Bresnick
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
External Limiting Membrane ◽  
Electron Microscope Level ◽  
Reactive Process ◽  
Inner Limiting Membrane ◽  
Muller Cell ◽  
And Migration

After experimetnal damage to the retina with a variety of procedures Müller cell hypertrophy and migration occurs. According to Kuwabara and others the reactive process in these injuries is evidenced by a marked increase in amount of glycogen in the Müller cells. These cells were considered originally supporting elements with fiber processes extending throughout the retina from inner limiting membrane to external limiting membrane, but are known now to have high lactic acid dehydrogenase activity and the ability to synthesize glycogen. Since the periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique was shown to demonstrate glycogen at the electron microscope level, it was selected to react with glycogen in the fine processes of the Müller cell that ramify among the neural elements in various layers of the retina and demarcate these cells cytologically. The Rhesus monkey was chosen as an example of a well vascularized retina and the rabbit as an example of a avascular retina to explore the possibilities of the technique.

Pulsed Electric Fields Amd the Transmembrane Potential

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-346
Author(s):  
E. R. Strope ◽  
E. Findl ◽  
J. C. Conti ◽  
V. Acuff
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Transmembrane Potential ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields

scholarly journals Integrating flexible electronics for pulsed electric field delivery in a vascularized 3D glioblastoma model

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C. Lefevre ◽  
Gerwin Dijk ◽  
Attila Kaszas ◽  
Martin Baca ◽  
David Moreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Multiphoton Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Tumor Model ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Cell Membrane Integrity

AbstractGlioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor, very invasive and thus difficult to eradicate with standard oncology therapies. Bioelectric treatments based on pulsed electric fields have proven to be a successful method to treat cancerous tissues. However, they rely on stiff electrodes, which cause acute and chronic injuries, especially in soft tissues like the brain. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of delivering pulsed electric fields with flexible electronics using an in ovo vascularized tumor model. We show with fluorescence widefield and multiphoton microscopy that pulsed electric fields induce vasoconstriction of blood vessels and evoke calcium signals in vascularized glioblastoma spheroids stably expressing a genetically encoded fluorescence reporter. Simulations of the electric field delivery are compared with the measured influence of electric field effects on cell membrane integrity in exposed tumor cells. Our results confirm the feasibility of flexible electronics as a means of delivering intense pulsed electric fields to tumors in an intravital 3D vascularized model of human glioblastoma.

scholarly journals VEGF Mediates Retinal Müller Cell Viability and Neuroprotection through BDNF in Diabetes

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Yun-Zheng Le ◽  
Bei Xu ◽  
Ana J. Chucair-Elliott ◽  
Huiru Zhang ◽  
Meili Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Specific Protein ◽  
Müller Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Muller Cell ◽  
Protein Kinase Akt ◽  
Sirna Knockdown ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Dose Dependent

To investigate the mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in Müller cell (MC) viability and neuroprotection in diabetic retinopathy (DR), we examined the role of VEGF in MC viability and BDNF production, and the effect of BDNF on MC viability under diabetic conditions. Mouse primary MCs and cells of a rat MC line, rMC1, were used in investigating MC viability and BDNF production under diabetic conditions. VEGF-stimulated BDNF production was confirmed in mice. The mechanism of BDNF-mediated MC viability was examined using siRNA knockdown. Under diabetic conditions, recombinant VEGF (rVEGF) stimulated MC viability and BDNF production in a dose-dependent manner. rBDNF also supported MC viability in a dose-dependent manner. Targeting BDNF receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TRK-B) with siRNA knockdown substantially downregulated the activated (phosphorylated) form of serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), classical survival and proliferation mediators. Finally, the loss of MC viability in TrkB siRNA transfected cells under diabetic conditions was rescued by rBDNF. Our results provide direct evidence that VEGF is a positive regulator for BDNF production in diabetes for the first time. This information is essential for developing BDNF-mediated neuroprotection in DR and hypoxic retinal diseases, and for improving anti-VEGF treatment for these blood–retina barrier disorders, in which VEGF is a major therapeutic target for vascular abnormalities.

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