Beyond protected areas: Private lands and public policy anchor intact pathways for multi-species wildlife migration

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 18-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason D. Tack ◽  
Andrew F. Jakes ◽  
Paul F. Jones ◽  
Joseph T. Smith ◽  
Rebecca E. Newton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Wildlife Migration

scholarly journals Economic spillover from Natural Protected Areas to conventional tourist destinations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (67) ◽  
pp. 745-774
Author(s):  
Jose alberto Lara Pulido ◽  
Alejandro Guevara Sanginés ◽  
Vanessa Perez Cirera ◽  
Camilo Arias Martelo ◽  
Carmina Jiménez Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Econometric Model ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Conservative Estimate ◽  
Natural Protected Areas ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Tourism Destinations

This paper examines the role of Natural Protected Areas (NPAs) as a source of economic spillovers for mass tourism destinations in Mexico. An econometric model was used to explain the number of booked rooms in tourism destinations as a function of proximity to NPAs, controlling for destination characteristics. A conservative estimate suggests that some rooms booked by foreign visitors can be explained by proximity to NPAs. Our results open public policy options, such as a compensating mechanism from conventional tourism to fund NPAs and show that they would be economically efficient and contribute to sustainability.

INCORPORATING PRIVATE LANDS IN CONSERVATION PLANNING: PROTECTED AREAS IN BRITAIN

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah F. Jackson ◽  
Kevin J. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Private Lands

scholarly journals How urban forest can support Protected Areas connectivity?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Pannunzio Ribeiro ◽  
Kaline de Mello ◽  
Roberta Averna Valente
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Focal Species

Abstract The highly modified urban matrix becomes an inhospitable environment for many species because the natural vegetation fragments are highly fragmented and often isolated in the landscape. Protected Areas (PAs) located closer or within urban areas may not achieve their goal of protecting local or regional biodiversity. Thus, the proposition of ecological corridors aims to connect the PAs, providing the dispersion of species in anthropogenic landscapes. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the PAs connectivity in an urban landscape and understand if urban forest fragments can support their connectivity, generating important information for biodiversity conservation and urban planning. For this, we used models based on Graph Theory to assess the functional connectivity among PAs. The focal species used were Atlantic Forest birds. We used the participatory technique to assess their dispersal capabilities, and this information was used to create a resistance surface map. The focal species movement in the landscape was modeled through Graph Theory. This model evaluated the functional connectivity and extracted the least-cost paths between PAs and other forest fragments that designed the urban ecological network. We identified that few PAs are connected in the urban landscape of Sorocaba city and its surroundings and 28 forest fragments that are important to support the connectivity among PAs. Among these, only four fragments are located within a PA. The other 24 forest fragments located outside PAs should be the center of attention for forest conservation and restoration actions, as they can improve the connectivity between the PAs. Our results show that PAs connectivity in urban landscapes depends on incentives for native vegetation conservation on private lands once most of the important forest fragments for the PAs connectivity are located in these areas. In addition, the restoration of riparian zones is important because they compose a great ecological corridor in the urban landscape. Strategies that increase the permeability of the matrix (e.g., increasing green spaces and gardens) and restoring target fragments are also important. Finally, land-use planning, focusing on natural ecosystem conservation and combating urban sprawl, is necessary to promote PAs connectivity in urban landscapes.

Does Public Policy Reduce the Number of Environmental Infractions in Protected Areas? A Case Study: Serra Do Mar State Park, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Carolina dos S. Daher ◽  
Allan Yu Iwama ◽  
Lúcia da C. Ferreira ◽  
Teresa C. Magro
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Serra Do Mar

scholarly journals Protected areas and community incentives in savannah ecosystems: a case study of Tanzania’s Maasai Steppe

Oryx ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Sachedina ◽  
Fred Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Direct Payment ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Direct Income ◽  
Maasai Steppe

AbstractTwo issues of central importance to conservation are developing an improved understanding of the relative roles of state protected areas and local institutions and developing effective strategies for creating community-based incentives for conservation. We provide a case study of northern Tanzania’s Maasai Steppe to explore these issues in the context of a savannah ecosystem where wildlife is mobile and depends extensively on community lands for seasonal habitats. We compare the impacts and outcomes of four approaches to developing local incentives for wildlife conservation on community lands: protected area benefit-sharing, trophy hunting donations, village–private tourism concession contracts, and a direct payment scheme for habitat conservation. Tourism and direct payment concession areas have resulted in large areas of community land being protected for wildlife by villages as a result of the conditional and contractual nature of these ventures. By contrast, other approaches that provide economic benefits to communities but are not conditional on defined conservation actions at the local level demonstrate little impact on wildlife conservation on community lands. In spatially extensive ecosystems where protected areas cover limited areas and wildlife relies heavily on community and private lands, strategies based on maximizing the direct income of communities from wildlife are fundamental to the sustainability of such systems.

Establishing a Private Protected Area in Ecuador: Lessons learned in the management of Cerro Blanco Protected Forest in the city of Guayaquil

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Horstman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Protected Forests ◽  
The Government

The Bosque Protector Cerro Blanco (Cerro Blanco Protected Forest) is a 6,078 ha reserve that protects a significant remnant of dry tropical forest in Ecuador. Under Ecuadorian law one of the principal ways to protect private lands is to declare them as protected forests and vegetation. These areas for the most part do not receive funding from the government but their designation does provide some legal support when the inevitable conflicts in land use arise. Cerro Blanco, which was designated a protected forest in 1989 via government decree, is one of the earliest and also most consolidated of the protected forests. With support from the private sector, principally Holcim, which has a cement-producing plant in the forest buffer zone, Fundación Pro Bosque has set up a broad-based management program that includes control and vigilance, dry forest restoration, environmental education and interpretation, scientific investigation, and community development. This article provides a perspective of establishing protected areas in biodiverse areas facing many challenges, including rapid urban expansion, poorly regulated land use, and encroachment. The article includes some lessons learned that may be of use in attempting to establish protected areas in other places with similar challenges.

Increasing strict protection through protected areas on Brazilian private lands

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
RENATO CROUZEILLES ◽  
MARIANA M. VALE ◽  
RUI CERQUEIRA ◽  
CARLOS E. V. GRELLE
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
International Union ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Seven Principles ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
General Guidance ◽  
Accurate Quantification

SUMMARYA key strategy to reduce habitat loss and fragmentation involves the establishment of protected areas (PAs). Worldwide, c. 13% of land lies within PAs, but only 6% is subject to the more restrictive International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categories I-IV. Private PAs may contribute to this figure, but require general guidance principles for their management. The Brazilian ‘Private Natural Heritage Reserves’ (RPPNs) constitute an example of good PA management, employing seven principles that should guide the creation of all private PAs. RPPNs have legal status and long-term security, allow only for indirect human uses, and provide a strategic conservation role in highly fragmented landscapes by improving connectivity. However, RPPNs are virtually absent from the World Database on Protected Areas, and given Brazil's continental size, and the considerable and increasing number of RPPNs in Brazil, this omission has the potential to skew accurate quantification of the area of land subject to strict protection. The RPPN model can make an important contribution to the discussion of the role of private PAs in conservation, especially in the tropics.

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