Prediction of Land Erosion Events in the Down Stream Kreung Meureubo Watershed West Aceh District

This study aims to predict the occurrence of erosion in the downstream Krueng Meureubo watershed, West Aceh Regency. Erosion is the loss of topsoil due to rain splash which is analyzed as a factor of rain erosivity, but the occurrence of erosion is not necessarily calculated by the occurrence of rain alone, but many other factors, such as soil erodibility, slope and length of land, land cover and the presence or absence of land conservation efforts. the. The Krueng Meurebo watershed shows a large sediment transport, with an indication that the river is getting shallower caused by sediment deposition at the riverbed, this sediment comes from sediment carried through the process of soil erosion. The method used in analyzing the occurrence of soil erosion in this study is the USLE method and uses a Geographic Information System (GIS). The results obtained are the distribution of erosion rate values in 228 polygons, with the largest erosion rate value occurring in polygon 1 with an erosion rate of 8495.308 tons/ha/year. The smallest erosion rate occurs in polygons 30, 34, 35, 179, and 180, with an erosion rate of 0 meaning that there is no land erosion event, which occurs in organosol and glehumus and regosol soil types, land cover is settlements and water bodies. It is concluded that the occurrence of erosion in a land is very dependent on the type of soil and the type of land cover. It is recommended for land with large erosion events to take serious land conservation actions so that erosion events can be minimized and do not occur continuously which of course can cause the watershed to become critical. Conservation efforts can be carried out in various ways, one of which is by vegetative means using plants that can reduce the rate of soil erosion.

Income adaptation of farmers as long covid-19 pandemy on sustainable ub forest management: a case from Indonesia

This study has analysed farmers' income on their adaptation as long Covid-19 pandemic in University of Brawijaya (UB) Forest. UB Forest got a management right of State Forest Management (Ministry of Forestry and Live Environment/MLEF Indonesia). Preliminary, this forest was managed by State Company Forest, namely Perum Perhutani. But, in 2015 it was transferred to the University by MLEF Indonesia for Education and Training Centre. The agricultural plantation has conducted by 824 farmers who were involved in UB Forest management. There are 16 fields of farmers' land use in 514 ha area. After the forest transfer to the UB Forest, there was no clear how farmers right adjusted the vision and mission of UB. This research wants to analyse how the income adaption farmer as long Covid 19, right and obligation as a shape of participation, and UB Forest management with qualitative approach. Selected respondents were in-depth interviewed. The analysis method used Institutional Analysis Design/IAD (Ostrom, 1999) and Bundles of Right (Ostrom, 1990). Farmers adaptation as long Covid-19 on forest management at UB Forest based on bundles of rights as a Claimant. It means that farmers had two right as below: 1)access and withdrawal right (enter the land, cultivate agriculture land, land conservation, harvest the agricultural yield, watch the forest fire along with UB Forest Team, implementation innovation of UB civitas academic, maintain the tree in UB Forest area, including in education and research of UB) and 2)management right on an agricultural plantation under the tree (a decision the species of agricultural plant, manage the plant, and arrange the cycle of the plantation itself). The income of farmers as long as Covid-19 was declined 39 % from the normal condition.

Exploring private land conservation non-adopters’ attendance at outreach events in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA

Background Outreach events such as trainings, demonstrations, and workshops are important opportunities for encouraging private land operators to adopt voluntary conservation practices. However, the ability to understand the effectiveness of such events at influencing conservation behavior is confounded by the likelihood that attendees are already interested in conservation and may already be adopters. Understanding characteristics of events that draw non-adopters can aid in designing events and messaging that are better able to reach beyond those already interested in conservation. Methods For this study, we interviewed 101 operators of private agricultural lands in Maryland, USA, and used descriptive statistics and qualitative comparative analysis to investigate differences between the kinds of outreach events that adopters and non-adopters attended. Results Our results suggested that non-adopters, as compared to adopters, attended events that provided production-relevant information and were logistically easy to attend. Further, non-adopters were more selective when reading advertisements, generally preferring simplicity. Future research and outreach can build on these findings by experimentally testing the effectiveness of messages that are simple and relevant to farmers’ production priorities.

The Impact of Bouxite Mining On The Semanduk Lake Environment: A Case Study In Tayan Hilir, Sanggau District, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia Country

Background: Several mining activities, especially bauxite, have been carried out in several areas in West Kalimantan. The areas most widely carried out bauxite mining are Sanggau and Ketapang districts. Bauxite mining is included in the classification of surface mining or often referred to as open mining. This is characterized by the demolition of the upper layers of soil and taking the results of weathering rocks, namely granite rocks. The demolition of topsoil is done with the clearing of vegetation above. In this condition, the land still has the same morphology when clearing has not been done and the soil has not been much disturbed. But after mining there is a lot of clay, sandstone, topsoil materials, of course, this will have a negative impact on the environment.Result: The results showed that the gradient of the slope has an important role in land conservation. The greater gradient of the slope will automatically increase the surface runoff, so the greater the energy of run-off. The soil depth is shallow on average and has poor deep soil drainage. Soil is easily eroded, so a lot of rocks and gravel are exposed on the surface, plants cannot develop properly. Floods often occur, in areas of alluvial plains with a range of more than 24 hours. The water availability capacity is also very low. Rainwater in the area mostly becomes runoff. The nutrient content in the ex-mining area is also low. Therefore it is necessary to improve efforts by means of reforestation of the former land so that in the future it can be used for certain uses, especially for agriculture, plantations, and forests.Conclusion: Slopes have an important role in land conservation. Slope affects runoff, effective soil depth, erosion rate, plant growth, waterlogging. Nutrient content in ex- Bauxite mining areas is also low.