670. Heart Rate Variability Responses to a Standardized Virtual Reality Exposure in Veterans with PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. S271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Ridout ◽  
Christopher Spofford ◽  
Mascha van ׳t Wout ◽  
William Unger ◽  
Noah Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Reality Exposure

Heart Rate Variability Responses to a Standardized Virtual Reality Exposure in Veterans with PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Ridout ◽  
Christopher M. Spofford ◽  
Mascha van’t Wout-Frank ◽  
Noah S. Philip ◽  
William S. Unger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Reality Exposure

Effect of Virtual Reality Graded Exposure on Heart Rate and Self-Reported Anxiety Levels of Performing Saxophonists

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn K. Orman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Graded Exposure ◽  
Subjective Measurements ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Exposure Sessions ◽  
Virtual Reality Exposure

This study is an examination of the effect of computer-generated virtual reality graded exposure on the physiological and psychological responses of performing musicians. Eight university saxophone majors, five men and three women, participated in twelve 15- to 20-minute weekly practice sessions during which they were immersed in one of four different virtual environments designed to elicit various anxiety levels. Baseline heart rates and subjective measurements were taken prior to immersion and continued throughout the exposure period. In addition, heart rate and subjective measurements were recorded for three live performances given by each subject before beginning the virtual reality exposure and after completion of the sixth and the twelfth exposure sessions. Findings indicated that the virtual environments did elicit a sense of presence and may have provided the means for desensitization. Heart-rate readings and psychological indications of anxiety did not always correspond.

scholarly journals Heart rate variability analysis for the assessment of immersive emotional arousal using virtual reality: Comparing real and virtual scenarios

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254098
Author(s):  
Javier Marín-Morales ◽  
Juan Luis Higuera-Trujillo ◽  
Jaime Guixeres ◽  
Carmen Llinares ◽  
Mariano Alcañiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Statistical Hypothesis ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Analysis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Head Mounted Display

Many affective computing studies have developed automatic emotion recognition models, mostly using emotional images, audio and videos. In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has been also used as a method to elicit emotions in laboratory environments. However, there is still a need to analyse the validity of VR in order to extrapolate the results it produces and to assess the similarities and differences in physiological responses provoked by real and virtual environments. We investigated the cardiovascular oscillations of 60 participants during a free exploration of a real museum and its virtualisation viewed through a head-mounted display. The differences between the heart rate variability features in the high and low arousal stimuli conditions were analysed through statistical hypothesis testing; and automatic arousal recognition models were developed across the real and the virtual conditions using a support vector machine algorithm with recursive feature selection. The subjects’ self-assessments suggested that both museums elicited low and high arousal levels. In addition, the real museum showed differences in terms of cardiovascular responses, differences in vagal activity, while arousal recognition reached 72.92% accuracy. However, we did not find the same arousal-based autonomic nervous system change pattern during the virtual museum exploration. The results showed that, while the direct virtualisation of a real environment might be self-reported as evoking psychological arousal, it does not necessarily evoke the same cardiovascular changes as a real arousing elicitation. These contribute to the understanding of the use of VR in emotion recognition research; future research is needed to study arousal and emotion elicitation in immersive VR.

scholarly journals Effect of Virtual Reality on Stress Reduction and Change of Physiological Parameters Including Heart Rate Variability in People With High Stress: An Open Randomized Crossover Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyewon Kim ◽  
Dong Jun Kim ◽  
Seonwoo Kim ◽  
Won Ho Chung ◽  
Kyung-Ah Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Relaxation Phase ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Although, attempts to apply virtual reality (VR) in mental healthcare are rapidly increasing, it is still unclear whether VR relaxation can reduce stress more than conventional biofeedback.Methods: Participants consisted of 83 healthy adult volunteers with high stress, which was defined as a score of 20 or more on the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10). This study used an open, randomized, crossover design with baseline, stress, and relaxation phases. During the stress phase, participants experienced an intentionally generated shaking VR and serial-7 subtraction. For the relaxation phase, participants underwent a randomly assigned relaxation session on day 1 among VR relaxation and biofeedack, and the other type of relaxation session was applied on day 2. We compared the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X1 (STAI-X1), STAI-X2, the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and physiological parameters including heart rate variability (HRV) indexes in the stress and relaxation phases.Results: A total of 74 participants were included in the analyses. The median age of participants was 39 years, STAI-X1 was 47.27 (SD = 9.92), and NRS was 55.51 (SD = 24.48) at baseline. VR and biofeedback significantly decreased STAI-X1 and NRS from the stress phase to the relaxation phase, while the difference of effect between VR and biofeedback was not significant. However, there was a significant difference in electromyography, LF/HF ratio, LF total, and NN50 between VR relaxation and biofeedback.Conclusion: VR relaxation was effective in reducing subjectively reported stress in individuals with high stress.

scholarly journals Fear and loathing in VR: the emotional and physiological effects of immersive games

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen S. Lemmens ◽  
Monika Simon ◽  
Sindy R. Sumter
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
First Person ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Lower Heart Rate ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
First Person Shooter

AbstractCompared to traditional screen-based media, virtual reality (VR) generally leads to stronger feelings of presence. The current study aimed to investigate whether playing games in VR resulted in a stronger sense of presence than playing on a TV, and whether these feelings of presence affected players’ emotional and physiological responses to the games. Two experiments were conducted among 128 students, comparing the effects of playing either a survival horror game (N = 59) or a first-person shooter (N = 69) on a TV or in VR on physiological and subjective fear, hostility and enjoyment. Results showed that playing games in VR resulted in a stronger sense of presence, lower heart rate variability and a stronger subjective sense of fear. The feeling of presence thereby mediated the effects of VR on fear. The effects of playing a first-person shooter in VR on hostility were mixed, and gaming in VR was not more enjoyable than on TV. Regardless of the type of game or display medium, hostility increased significantly post-play. This study provides evidence that commercial VR games can affect feelings of presence and the physiological and emotional state of players.

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