Genetic Risk for Type 2 Diabetes is Associated With Impaired Structural Brain Connectivity and Worse Cognitive Performance in Nondiabetic Patients With Major Depressive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. S398-S399
Author(s):  
Jonathan Repple ◽  
Amelie König ◽  
Nils Opel ◽  
Marco Mauritz ◽  
Siemon C. de Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Structural Brain

scholarly journals Grip Strength, Neurocognition, and Social Functioning in People WithType-2 Diabetes Mellitus, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Aliño-Dies ◽  
Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí ◽  
Patricia Correa-Ghisays ◽  
Vicent Balanzá-Martínez ◽  
Joan Vila-Francés ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Major Depressive

Background: Frailty is a common syndrome among older adults and patients with several comorbidities. Grip strength (GS) is a representative parameter of frailty because it is a valid indicator of current and long-term physical conditions in the general population and patients with severe mental illnesses (SMIs). Physical and cognitive capacities of people with SMIs are usually impaired; however, their relationship with frailty or social functioning have not been studied to date. The current study aimed to determine if GS is a valid predictor of changes in cognitive performance and social functioning in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and SMIs. Methods: Assessments of social functioning, cognitive performance, and GS (measured with an electronic dynamometer) were conducted in 30 outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, 35 with major depressive disorder, 42 with bipolar disorder, 30 with schizophrenia, and 28 healthy controls, twice during 1-year, follow-up period. Descriptive analyses were conducted using a one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables and the chi-squared test for categorical variables. Differences between groups for the motor, cognitive, and social variables at T1 and T2 were assessed using a one-way analysis of covariance, with sex and age as co-variates (p < 0.01). To test the predictive capacity of GS at baseline to explain the variance in cognitive performance and social functioning at T2, a linear regression analysis was performed (p < 0.05). Results: Predictive relationships were found among GS when implicated with clinical, cognitive, and social variables. These relationships explained changes in cognitive performance after one year of follow-up; the variability percentage was 67.7%, in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and 89.1% in patients with schizophrenia. Baseline GS along with other variables, also predicted changes in social functioning in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, with variability percentages of 67.3, 36, and 59%, respectively. Conclusion: GS combined with other variables significantly predicted changes in cognitive performance and social functioning in people with SMIs or type-2 diabetes mellitus. Interventions aimed to improve the overall physical conditions of patients who have poor GS could be a therapeutic option that confers positive effects on cognitive performance and social functioning.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the onset of major depressive disorder in adults with type 2 diabetes living in 12 different countries: results from the INTERPRET-DD prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Lloyd ◽  
N. Sartorius ◽  
H. U. Ahmed ◽  
A. Alvarez ◽  
S. Bahendeka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Major Depressive

Abstract Aims To examine the factors that are associated with changes in depression in people with type 2 diabetes living in 12 different countries. Methods People with type 2 diabetes treated in out-patient settings aged 18–65 years underwent a psychiatric assessment to diagnose major depressive disorder (MDD) at baseline and follow-up. At both time points, participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the WHO five-item Well-being scale (WHO-5) and the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) scale which measures diabetes-related distress. A composite stress score (CSS) (the occurrence of stressful life events and their reported degree of ‘upset’) between baseline and follow-up was calculated. Demographic data and medical record information were collected. Separate regression analyses were conducted with MDD and PHQ-9 scores as the dependent variables. Results In total, there were 7.4% (120) incident cases of MDD with 81.5% (1317) continuing to remain free of a diagnosis of MDD. Univariate analyses demonstrated that those with MDD were more likely to be female, less likely to be physically active, more likely to have diabetes complications at baseline and have higher CSS. Mean scores for the WHO-5, PAID and PHQ-9 were poorer in those with incident MDD compared with those who had never had a diagnosis of MDD. Regression analyses demonstrated that higher PHQ-9, lower WHO-5 scores and greater CSS were significant predictors of incident MDD. Significant predictors of PHQ-9 were baseline PHQ-9 score, WHO-5, PAID and CSS. Conclusion This study demonstrates the importance of psychosocial factors in addition to physiological variables in the development of depressive symptoms and incident MDD in people with type 2 diabetes. Stressful life events, depressive symptoms and diabetes-related distress all play a significant role which has implications for practice. A more holistic approach to care, which recognises the interplay of these psychosocial factors, may help to mitigate their impact on diabetes self-management as well as MDD, thus early screening and treatment for symptoms is recommended.

scholarly journals Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at Risk for Major Depressive Disorder Over Time

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Naranjo ◽  
L. Fisher ◽  
P. A. Arean ◽  
D. Hessler ◽  
J. Mullan
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Major depressive disorder but not bipolar disorder and schizophrenia is a causal factor for type 2 diabetes as determined by Mendelian randomization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heejin Jin ◽  
Jeewon Lee ◽  
Oh Sohee ◽  
Sanghun Lee ◽  
Sungho Won
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Mr Study

Objective: In many epidemiologic studies, type 2 diabetes has been reported to be associated with severe mental illness (SMI) such as schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BPD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationship between SMI and type 2 diabetes is bi-directional, and the causal relationship remains unclear due to various confounders. Therefore, a Mendelian randomization (MR) study is necessary to identify the causality between them. Research Design and Methods: We conducted a two−sample MR study to identify the causal effect of SMI on type 2 diabetes using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR−Egger, MR− Egger with a simulation extrapolation, weighted median approach, and MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier methods. The most appropriate method was selected according to the instrument variables assumption. Results: We found that MDD had a significant causal effect on type 2 diabetes from the results obtained using the IVW method (Odds ratio (OR): 1.191, 95% CI: 1.036−1.372, P = 0.014); however, this was not observed for BPD (IVW, OR: 1.006, 95% CI: 0.918−1.104, P = 0.892) or SCZ (IVW, OR: 1.016, 95% CI: 0.974−1.059, P = 0.463). The absence of reverse-causality between MDD and type 2 diabetes was also demonstrated from bidirectional MR studies. Conclusions: These results clearly reveal important knowledge on the causal role of MDD in the risk of type 2 diabetes without a residual confounding, whereas the causality of BPD and SCZ was not shown. Therefore, careful attention should be paid to MDD patients in type 2 diabetes prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER IS ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C INFECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-482
Author(s):  
Luciana Rodrigues da CUNHA ◽  
Maria Carolina Magalhães de CASTRO ◽  
Gabriela Silva DUARTE ◽  
Graziela Cançado e NASCIMENTO ◽  
Gifone Aguiar ROCHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Major Depressive

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is commonly reported in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC); however, the factors behind the co-occurrence of these conditions have not been completely clarified yet. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the frequency of mental disorders in CHC patients and to investigate variables associated with MDD. METHODS: CHC patients (n=151) attending a referral Centre for hepatitis were evaluated using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatry Interview and the Cut-Annoyed-Guilty-Eye (CAGE) Questionnaire. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate independent covariates associated with current MDD. RESULTS: Seventy-six (50.3%) patients had, at least, one current psychiatric diagnosis with MDD (33.1%) being the most common. Current MDD was independently associated with age (≤50 yr.) (OR=2.57; 95%CI=1.25-5.29; P=0.01) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=2.80, 95%CI=1.17-6.70; P=0.02). Cirrhosis was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=5.09; 95%CI=1.73-15.04; P=0.03) and current alcohol abuse/dependence (OR=2.54; 95%CI=1.04-6.22; P=0.04). DISCUSSION: MDD is associated with type 2 diabetes in CHC patients. Even in the direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) era, characterized by great perspectives for the first ample cure of a chronic viral infection, we should ensure that the screening for psychiatric disorders takes place in the course of routine clinical care of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus.

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