Influence of water content and cell disruption on lipid extraction using subcritical dimethyl ether in wet microalgae

2021 ◽  
pp. 124892
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Kazuyuki Oshita ◽  
Masaki Takaoka ◽  
Kenji Shiota
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Cell Disruption ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Wet Microalgae

scholarly journals Effective lipid extraction from undewatered microalgae liquid using subcritical dimethyl ether

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Kazuyuki Oshita ◽  
Masaki Takaoka
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Cell Disruption ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Acid Methyl

Abstract Background Recent studies of lipid extraction from microalgae have focused primarily on dewatered or dried samples, and the processes are simple with high lipid yield. Yet, the dewatering with drying step is energy intensive, which makes the energy input during the lipid production more than energy output from obtained lipid. Thus, exploring an extraction technique for just a thickened sample without the dewatering, drying and auxiliary operation (such as cell disruption) is very significant. Whereas lipid extraction from the thickened microalgae is complicated by the high water content involved, and traditional solvent, hence, cannot work well. Dimethyl ether (DME), a green solvent, featuring a high affinity for both water and organic compounds with an ability to penetrate the cell walls has the potential to achieve this goal. Results This study investigated an energy-saving method for lipid extraction using DME as the solvent with an entrainer solution (ethanol and acetone) for flocculation-thickened microalgae. Extraction efficiency was evaluated in terms of extraction time, DME dosage, entrainer dosage, and ethanol:acetone ratio. Optimal extraction occurred after 30 min using 4.2 mL DME per 1 mL microalgae, with an entrainer dosage of 8% at 1:2 ethanol:acetone. Raw lipid yields and its lipid component (represented by fatty acid methyl ester) contents were compared against those of common extraction methods (Bligh and Dryer, and Soxhlet). Thermal gravimetry/differential thermal analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and C/H/N elemental analyses were used to examine differences in lipids extracted using each of the evaluated methods. Considering influence of trace metals on biodiesel utilization, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy analyses were used to quantify trace metals in the extracted raw lipids, which revealed relatively high concentrations of Mg, Na, K, and Fe. Conclusions Our DME-based method recovered 26.4% of total raw lipids and 54.4% of total fatty acid methyl esters at first extraction with remnants being recovered by a 2nd extraction. In additional, the DME-based approach was more economical than other methods, because it enabled simultaneous dewatering with lipid extraction and no cell disruption was required. The trace metals of raw lipids indicated a purification demand in subsequent refining process.

Modeling the Influence of Water Content on Soil Vapor Extraction

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Hongkyu Yoon ◽  
Albert J. Valocchi ◽  
Charles J. Werth
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Vapor Extraction ◽  
Vapor Extraction ◽  
Influence Of Water

scholarly journals Unravelling the influence of water content, reaction time, and temperature on the heterogeneous synthesis of methyl formate

Fuel ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 307 ◽  
pp. 121875
Author(s):  
Luise Beckmann ◽  
Sandra Pavón ◽  
Martin Bertau
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Methyl Formate ◽  
Influence Of Water
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