Concordance rate of osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in diagnosis of osteoporosis

BACKGROUND: Several tools such as, dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and self-assessment tool (OST), are being used for diagnosis of osteoporosis.OBJECTIVE: to compare the sensitivity and specify detection rate of bone mineral density (BMD) changes for DXA versus QCT and OST among a sample of Egyptian adults of both sexes.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This study is a cross sectional one, which included 62 Egyptians, aged 20-65 years. Each individual was assessed for BMD using DXA at femur and spine sites; QCT and OST which take into account body weight and age. Accordingly they were diagnosed as either osteoporotic/osteopenic or normal.RESULTS: The highest prevalence of osteopenia or osteoporosis was diagnosed among menopause women. DXA at femur has diagnosed more cases of osteoporosis (both osteopenic and osteoporotic) as compared to spine DXA or QCT, but OST is out of rang; as it failed to diagnose any case.CONCLUSION: DXA has been found to be more efficacious than QCT scan in the diagnosis of osteoporosis. DXA in femur is better than DXA-spine and QCT. Generally, DXA is the "gold standard" when assessing osteoporosis. Further studies are needed to modify the equation of OST and confirm its efficiency in Egyptians population.

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Ability of radiofrequency echographic multispectrometry to identify osteoporosis status in elderly women with type 2 diabetes

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1007/s40520-021-01889-w ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carla Caffarelli ◽

Maria Dea Tomai Pitinca ◽

Antonella Al Refaie ◽

Elena Ceccarelli ◽

Stefano Gonnelli

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lumbar Spine ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Fragility Fractures ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Diagnosis Of Osteoporosis ◽

X Ray ◽

The Difference

Abstract Background Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have an increased or normal BMD; however fragility fractures represent one of the most important complications of T2DM. Aims This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of the Radiofrequency Echographic multi spectrometry (REMS) technique may improve the identification of osteoporosis in T2DM patients. Methods In a cohort of 90 consecutive postmenopausal elderly (70.5 ± 7.6 years) women with T2DM and in 90 healthy controls we measured BMD at the lumbar spine (LS-BMD), at femoral neck (FN-BMD) and total hip (TH-BMD) using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device; moreover, REMS scans were also carried out at the same axial sites. Results DXA measurements were all higher in T2DM than in non-T2DM women; instead, all REMS measurements were lower in T2DM than in non T2DM women. Moreover, the percentage of T2DM women classified as “osteoporotic”, on the basis of BMD by REMS was markedly higher with respect to those classified by DXA (47.0% vs 28.0%, respectively). On the contrary, the percentage of T2DM women classified as osteopenic or normal by DXA was higher with respect to that by REMS (48.8% and 23.2% vs 38.6% and 14.5%, respectively). T2DM women with fragility fractures presented lower values of both BMD-LS by DXA and BMD-LS by REMS with respect to those without fractures; however, the difference was significant only for BMD-LS by REMS (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our data suggest that REMS technology may represent a useful approach to enhance the diagnosis of osteoporosis in patients with T2DM.

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Instrumental diagnosis of osteosarcopenia in diagrams and tables

Russian Journal of Geriatric Medicine ◽

10.37586/2686-8636-3-2021-350-356 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 358-364

Author(s):

A. V. Naumov ◽

D. V. Demenok ◽

Yu. S. Onuchina ◽

N. O. Khovasova ◽

V. I. Moroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Mass Function ◽

Dual Energy ◽

Whole Body ◽

Mineral Density ◽

X Ray ◽

Fracture Risk Assessment Tool ◽

History Of

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are age-associated diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Osteosarcopenia, the presence of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia. The prevalence of osteosarcopenia in older adults with failing was 37% and associated with higher rate of death. Diagnosis of osteosarcopenia consists of describing medical history of fractures, providing x-ray of the spine (if it is needed) and bone densitometry, calculation of Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX), evaluating muscle strength, mass, function. The most common exam which is used to measure bone mineral density (BMD) is dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA or DEXA). Screening using the FRAX is recommended in all postmenopausal women and mеn over 50 in order to identify individuals with high probability of fractures. It is recommended to diagnose osteoporosis in patients with fragility fracture of large bones of the skeleton. Diagnosis of sarcopenia is consist of measures for three parameters: muscle strength, muscle quantity/quality and physical performance as an indicator of severity. Muscle strength can be measured with carpal dynamometry. Muscle mass can be evaluated dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (program «Whole body»). Muscle function can be evaluated with short physical performance battery (SPPB) tests. In this article described algorithm of diagnosis of osteosarcopenia.

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