scholarly journals Plant-derived soybean peroxidase stimulates osteoblast collagen biosynthesis, matrix mineralization, and accelerates bone regeneration in a sheep model

Bone Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101096
Author(s):  
Alexandra J. Barker ◽  
Agnes Arthur ◽  
Mark O. DeNichilo ◽  
Romana Panagopoulos ◽  
Stan Gronthos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Collagen Biosynthesis ◽  
Soybean Peroxidase ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Matrix Mineralization

Tissue-Engineered Hydroxyapatite Bone Scaffold Impregnated with Osteoprogenitor Cells Promotes Bone Regeneration in Sheep Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Yazid Bajuri ◽  
Nanchappan Selvanathan ◽  
Fatin Nadira Dzeidee Schaff ◽  
Muhammad Haziq Abdul Suki ◽  
Angela Min Hwei Ng
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Scaffold ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Osteoprogenitor Cells

scholarly journals Effective Actions of Ion Release from Mesoporous Bioactive Glass and Macrophage Mediators on the Differentiation of Osteoprogenitor and Endothelial Progenitor Cells

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1152
Author(s):  
Alberto Polo-Montalvo ◽  
Laura Casarrubios ◽  
María Concepción Serrano ◽  
Adrián Sanvicente ◽  
María José Feito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽  
Mesoporous Structure ◽  
Ion Release ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Intracellular Content

Due to their specific mesoporous structure and large surface area, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) possess both drug-delivery ability and effective ionic release to promote bone regeneration by stimulating osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Macrophages secrete mediators that can affect both processes, depending on their phenotype. In this work, the action of ion release from MBG-75S, with a molar composition of 75SiO2-20CaO-5P2O5, on osteogenesis and angiogenesis and the modulatory role of macrophages have been assessed in vitro with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in monoculture and in coculture with RAW 264.7 macrophages. Ca2+, phosphorous, and silicon ions released from MBG-75S were measured in the culture medium during both differentiation processes. Alkaline phosphatase activity and matrix mineralization were quantified as the key markers of osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. The expression of CD31, CD34, VEGFR2, eNOS, and vWF was evaluated to characterize the EPC differentiation into mature endothelial cells. Other cellular parameters analyzed included the cell size and complexity, intracellular calcium, and intracellular content of the reactive oxygen species. The results obtained indicate that the ions released by MBG-75S promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro, evidencing a macrophage inhibitory role in these processes and demonstrating the high potential of MBG-75S for the preparation of implants for bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Matrix Vesicles: Role in Bone Mineralization and Potential Use as Therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Sana Ansari ◽  
Bregje W. M. de de Wildt ◽  
Michelle A. M. Vis ◽  
Carolina E. de de Korte ◽  
Keita Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Recipient Cell ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Matrix Vesicles ◽  
Matrix Mineralization

Bone is a complex organ maintained by three main cell types: osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. During bone formation, osteoblasts deposit a mineralized organic matrix. Evidence shows that bone cells release extracellular vesicles (EVs): nano-sized bilayer vesicles, which are involved in intercellular communication by delivering their cargoes through protein–ligand interactions or fusion to the plasma membrane of the recipient cell. Osteoblasts shed a subset of EVs known as matrix vesicles (MtVs), which contain phosphatases, calcium, and inorganic phosphate. These vesicles are believed to have a major role in matrix mineralization, and they feature bone-targeting and osteo-inductive properties. Understanding their contribution in bone formation and mineralization could help to target bone pathologies or bone regeneration using novel approaches such as stimulating MtV secretion in vivo, or the administration of in vitro or biomimetically produced MtVs. This review attempts to discuss the role of MtVs in biomineralization and their potential application for bone pathologies and bone regeneration.

Facilitating Osteogenesis of Chitosan with Autogenous Bone Marrow (experimental Study on Rabbits)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Hawar Asaad Zebari ◽  
Hareth H. Kaskos
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Bone Density Measurement ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Measurement Results

Bone quality is the result of a complex relationship between the intrinsic properties of the materials that comprise the bone matrix mineralization, bone mass and the spatial distribution of the bone mass. Chitosan has been shown to be suitable bone replacement material. To evaluate the accelerating effect of chitosan on the bone regeneration process and assessing by CT Scan were conduct this study. Several important biological effect of chitosan has been characterized, these are high osteoinductivity, osteointegrability and gradual biodegrability that make it a good candidate for bone regeneration. Materials and Methods: 20 rabbits of both sex were enrolled in this study, two monocortical defects were created on Mandible, one considered as control and the other implanted with chitosan, other two monocortical defects were created on Tibia on the same animal. Post-operative follow up date 7,14,21and 28 Days. C.T. scan was used as parameter for bone density measurement. Results: showed that non- significant difference at Day7 and14 in Mandible and significant at Day21 and 28 compared to control, While non-significant at Day 7 in Tibia and significant at 14 and 21 post-operatively with highly significant at Day28 compared to control. Conclusion: Chitosan has ability to osteogenesis when it is used alone and the process of osteogenesis was facilitating when it is mixed with Bone marrow.

Multi-walled carbon nanotube/hydroxyapatite nanocomposite with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin for bone regeneration in sheep model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Bastami ◽  
Mohammad-Hadi Noori-Kooshki ◽  
Hassan Semyari ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Alireza Abrishamchian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube

Peroxidase Enzymes Regulate Collagen Biosynthesis and Matrix Mineralization by Cultured Human Osteoblasts

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark O. DeNichilo ◽  
Alexandra J. Shoubridge ◽  
Vasilios Panagopoulos ◽  
Vasilios Liapis ◽  
Aneta Zysk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collagen Biosynthesis ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

scholarly journals K-Carrageenan Stimulates Pre-Osteoblast Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation: A Potential Factor for the Promotion of Bone Regeneration?

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6131
Author(s):  
Wei Cao ◽  
Jianfeng Jin ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Nathalie Bravenboer ◽  
Marco N. Helder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Osteoblast Adhesion

Current cell-based bone tissue regeneration strategies cannot cover large bone defects. K-carrageenan is a highly hydrophilic and biocompatible seaweed-derived sulfated polysaccharide, that has been proposed as a promising candidate for tissue engineering applications. Whether κ-carrageenan can be used to enhance bone regeneration is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether κ-carrageenan has osteogenic potential by testing its effect on pre-osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Treatment with κ-carrageenan (0.5 and 2 mg/mL) increased both MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast adhesion and spreading at 1 h. K-carrageenan (0.125–2 mg/mL) dose-dependently increased pre-osteoblast proliferation and metabolic activity, with a maximum effect at 2 mg/mL at day three. K-carrageenan (0.5 and 2 mg/mL) increased osteogenic differentiation, as shown by enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity (1.8-fold increase at 2 mg/mL) at day four, and matrix mineralization (6.2-fold increase at 2 mg/mL) at day 21. K-carrageenan enhanced osteogenic gene expression (Opn, Dmp1, and Mepe) at day 14 and 21. In conclusion, κ-carrageenan promoted MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast adhesion and spreading, metabolic activity, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, suggesting that κ-carrageenan is a potential osteogenic inductive factor for clinical application to enhance bone regeneration.

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