The effects of supervised learning on event-related potential correlates of music-syntactic processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 1626 ◽  
pp. 232-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Guo ◽  
Stefan Koelsch
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing

scholarly journals Effects of Age and Working Memory Load on Syntactic Processing: An Event-Related Potential Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciela C. Alatorre-Cruz ◽  
Juan Silva-Pereyra ◽  
Thalía Fernández ◽  
Mario A. Rodríguez-Camacho ◽  
Susana A. Castro-Chavira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Potential Study

scholarly journals The Automatic but Flexible and Content-Dependent Nature of Syntax

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Jiménez-Ortega ◽  
Esperanza Badaya ◽  
Pilar Casado ◽  
Sabela Fondevila ◽  
David Hernández-Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Syntactic Parsing ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Number Agreement ◽  
Emotional Words ◽  
Linguistic Comprehension ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
The One ◽  
Double Nature

Syntactic processing has often been considered an utmost example of unconscious automatic processing. In this line, it has been demonstrated that masked words containing syntactic anomalies are processed by our brain triggering event related potential (ERP) components similar to the ones triggered by conscious syntactic anomalies, thus supporting the automatic nature of the syntactic processing. Conversely, recent evidence also points out that regardless of the level of awareness, emotional information and other relevant extralinguistic information modulate conscious syntactic processing too. These results are also in line with suggestions that, under certain circumstances, syntactic processing could also be flexible and context-dependent. However, the study of the concomitant automatic but flexible conception of syntactic parsing is very scarce. Hence, to this aim, we examined whether and how masked emotional words (positive, negative, and neutral masked adjectives) containing morphosyntactic anomalies (half of the cases) affect linguistic comprehension of an ongoing unmasked sentence that also can contain a number agreement anomaly between the noun and the verb. ERP components were observed to emotional information (EPN), masked anomalies (LAN and a weak P600), and unmasked ones (LAN/N400 and P600). Furthermore, interactions in the processing of conscious and unconscious morphosyntactic anomalies and between unconscious emotional information and conscious anomalies were detected. The findings support, on the one hand, the automatic nature of syntax, given that syntactic components LAN and P600 were observed to unconscious anomalies. On the other hand, the flexible, permeable, and context-dependent nature of the syntactic processing is also supported, since unconscious information modulated conscious syntactic components. This double nature of syntactic processing is in line with theories of automaticity, suggesting that even unconscious/automatic, syntactic processing is flexible, adaptable, and context-dependent.

Syntactic processing with aging: An event-related potential study

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Kemmer ◽  
Seana Coulson ◽  
Esmeralda De Ochoa ◽  
Marta Kutas
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Potential Study

scholarly journals Semi-Supervised Learning for Auditory Event-Related Potential-Based Brain–Computer Interface

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 47008-47023
Author(s):  
Mikito Ogino ◽  
Suguru Kanoga ◽  
Shin-Ichi Ito ◽  
Yasue Mitsukura
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Learning ◽  
Brain Computer Interface ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Auditory Event

scholarly journals Processing Syntactic Relations in Language and Music: An Event-Related Potential Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniruddh D. Patel ◽  
Edward Gibson ◽  
Jennifer Ratner ◽  
Mireille Besson ◽  
Phillip J. Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Neural Correlate ◽  
Structural Context ◽  
Latency Range ◽  
Language And Music ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Syntactic Relations

In order to test the language-specificity of a known neural correlate of syntactic processing [the P600 event-related brain potential (ERP) component], this study directly compared ERPs elicited by syntactic incongruities in language and music. Using principles of phrase structure for language and principles of harmony and key-relatedness for music, sequences were constructed in which an element was either congruous, moderately incongruous, or highly incongruous with the preceding structural context. A within-subjects design using 15 musically educated adults revealed that linguistic and musical structural incongruities elicited positivities that were statistically indistinguishable in a specified latency range. In contrast, a music-specific ERP component was observed that showed antero-temporal right-hemisphere lateralization. The results argue against the language-specificity of the P600 and suggest that language and music can be studied in parallel to address questions of neural specificity in cognitive processing.

ACROSS LANGUAGES, SPACE, AND TIME

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leida C. Tolentino ◽  
Natasha Tokowicz
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
First Language ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
L2 Processing ◽  
Shallow Structure Hypothesis ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
L1 And L2

This review examines whether similarity between the first language (L1) and second language (L2) influences the (morpho)syntactic processing of the L2, using both neural location and temporal processing information. Results from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and event-related potential (ERP) studies show that nonnative speakers can exhibit nativelike online L2 (morpho)syntactic processing behavior and neural patterns. These findings are contrary to predictions of the shallow structure hypothesis for syntactic processing (Clahsen & Felser, 2006a, 2006b). The data are in line with predictions of the (morpho)syntactic domain of the unified competition model of L2 acquisition (MacWhinney, 2005): Differences in L2 processing as compared to the L1 (or to native speakers of the L2) were generally associated with constructions that were crosslinguistically dissimilar or unique to the L2. The processing of crosslinguistically similar constructions generally produced no differences in brain activity between the L1 and L2. Overall, the available data suggest that cross-language similarity is an important factor that influences L2 (morpho)syntactic processing.

scholarly journals Going Native? Yes, If Allowed by Cross-Linguistic Similarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillen Martínez de la Hidalga ◽  
Adam Zawiszewski ◽  
Itziar Laka
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Argument Structure ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Order Type ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Subject Agreement ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Can native competence be achieved in a second language? Here, we focus on the Language Distance Hypothesis that claims that early and proficient bilinguals can achieve native competence for grammatical properties shared by their two languages, whereas unshared grammatical properties pose a challenge for native-like syntactic processing. We present a novel behavioral and Event-Related Potential (ERP) study where early and proficient bilinguals behave native-like in their second language when processing (a) argument structure alternations in intransitive sentences involving agent vs. patient subjects and (b) subject verb agreement, both of which are grammatical properties shared by their two languages of these bilinguals. Compared to native Basque bilinguals (L2Spanish) on the same tasks, non-natives elicited similar sentence processing measures: (a) in the acceptability task they reacted faster and more accurately to unaccusative sentences than to unergatives and to person than number violations: (b) they generated a larger P600 for agreement violations in unaccusative sentences than unergatives; (c) they generated larger negativity and positivity effects for person than for number violations. Previous studies on Basque-Spanish bilinguals find that early and proficient non-natives display effects distinct from natives in both languages when processing grammatical properties where Basque and Spanish diverge, such as argument alignment (ergative/nominative) or word order type (OV/VO), but they perform native-like for shared properties such as subject agreement and word meaning. We contend that language distance, that is, the degree of similarity of the languages of the bilingual is a crucial factor that deserves further and detailed attention to advance our understanding of when and how bilinguals can go native in a second language.

scholarly journals Sentence processing: How words generate syntactic structures in the brain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Martorell ◽  
Piermatteo Morucci ◽  
Simona Mancini ◽  
Nicola Molinaro
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Sentence Level ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Brain

Language comprehension relies on the fundamental ability to create meaningful syntactic structures from single words during on-line processing. Time-resolved neuroimaging techniques can be used to measure electrophysiological activity revealing the neural dynamics underpinning these combinatorial processes in the brain. In the present chapter, we review and critically evaluate studies that have specifically investigated the electrophysiological bases of sentence-level syntactic processing using different types of analyses and paradigms. Besides reviewing event-related potential (ERP) studies, we focus on recent investigations of neural oscillations, highlighting their relevance and implications for our understanding of syntactic processing. Furthermore, we discuss critical issues related to the interpretation of current electrophysiological findings, including open questions such as the relationship between syntax and semantics and the link between ERPs and oscillations.

Event-related Brain Potentials Suggest a Late Interaction of Meter and Syntax in the P600

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1693-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maren Schmidt-Kassow ◽  
Sonja A. Kotz
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Syntactic Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Biphasic Pattern ◽  
Frontal Negativity ◽  
On Line ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Stress Patterns ◽  
Syntactic Cues

Many studies refer to the relevance of metric cues in speech segmentation during language acquisition and adult language processing. However, the on-line use (i.e., time-locking the unfolding of a sentence to EEG) of metric stress patterns that are manifested by the succession of stressed and unstressed syllables during auditory syntactic processing has not been investigated. This is surprising as both processes rely on abstract rules that allow the building up of expectancies of which element will occur next and at which point in time. Participants listened to metrically regular sentences that could either be correct, syntactically incorrect, metrically incorrect, or doubly incorrect. They either judged syntactic correctness or metric homogeneity in two different sessions. We provide first event-related potential evidence that the metric structure of a given language is processed in two stages as evidenced in a biphasic pattern of an early frontal negativity and a late posterior positivity. This pattern is comparable to the biphasic pattern reported in syntactic processing. However, metric cues are processed earlier than syntactic cues during the first stage (LAN), whereas both processes seem to interact at a later integrational stage (P600). The present results substantiate the important impact of metric cues during auditory syntactic language processing.

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