scholarly journals Does raising heart rate prior to a behavioural test enhance learning in cognitive therapy for anxiety? An experimental test for the treatment of fear of heights using virtual reality

2021 ◽  
pp. 103928
Author(s):  
Josephine McInerney ◽  
Poppy Brown ◽  
Jessica Bird ◽  
Alecia Nickless ◽  
Gary Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Behavioural Test ◽  
Fear Of Heights

Virtual reality and telemedicine based experiential cognitive therapy for the treatment of eating disorders

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Riva ◽  
M. Bacchetta ◽  
G. L. Cesa ◽  
S. Conti ◽  
E. Molinari
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cognitive Therapy

scholarly journals Multiclass emotion prediction using heart rate and virtual reality stimuli

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Frederick Bulagang ◽  
James Mountstephens ◽  
Jason Teo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Subject Classification ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Display Device ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Health Rehabilitation ◽  
Emotion Model

Abstract Background Emotion prediction is a method that recognizes the human emotion derived from the subject’s psychological data. The problem in question is the limited use of heart rate (HR) as the prediction feature through the use of common classifiers such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Random Forest (RF) in emotion prediction. This paper aims to investigate whether HR signals can be utilized to classify four-class emotions using the emotion model from Russell’s in a virtual reality (VR) environment using machine learning. Method An experiment was conducted using the Empatica E4 wristband to acquire the participant’s HR, a VR headset as the display device for participants to view the 360° emotional videos, and the Empatica E4 real-time application was used during the experiment to extract and process the participant's recorded heart rate. Findings For intra-subject classification, all three classifiers SVM, KNN, and RF achieved 100% as the highest accuracy while inter-subject classification achieved 46.7% for SVM, 42.9% for KNN and 43.3% for RF. Conclusion The results demonstrate the potential of SVM, KNN and RF classifiers to classify HR as a feature to be used in emotion prediction in four distinct emotion classes in a virtual reality environment. The potential applications include interactive gaming, affective entertainment, and VR health rehabilitation.

Effect of Virtual Reality Graded Exposure on Heart Rate and Self-Reported Anxiety Levels of Performing Saxophonists

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn K. Orman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
Graded Exposure ◽  
Subjective Measurements ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Exposure Sessions ◽  
Virtual Reality Exposure

This study is an examination of the effect of computer-generated virtual reality graded exposure on the physiological and psychological responses of performing musicians. Eight university saxophone majors, five men and three women, participated in twelve 15- to 20-minute weekly practice sessions during which they were immersed in one of four different virtual environments designed to elicit various anxiety levels. Baseline heart rates and subjective measurements were taken prior to immersion and continued throughout the exposure period. In addition, heart rate and subjective measurements were recorded for three live performances given by each subject before beginning the virtual reality exposure and after completion of the sixth and the twelfth exposure sessions. Findings indicated that the virtual environments did elicit a sense of presence and may have provided the means for desensitization. Heart-rate readings and psychological indications of anxiety did not always correspond.

670. Heart Rate Variability Responses to a Standardized Virtual Reality Exposure in Veterans with PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. S271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Ridout ◽  
Christopher Spofford ◽  
Mascha van ׳t Wout ◽  
William Unger ◽  
Noah Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Virtual Reality Exposure

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Commercially Available Virtual Reality System to Achieve Exercise Guidelines in Youth With Spina Bifida: Mixed Methods Case Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron Lai ◽  
Drew Davis ◽  
Mai Narasaki-Jara ◽  
Betsy Hopson ◽  
Danielle Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Heart Rate Monitor ◽  
Intervention Protocol ◽  
Exercise Guidelines ◽  
Total Average

BACKGROUND Access to physical activity among youth with spina bifida (SB) is much lower than it is for children without disability. Enjoyable home-based exercise programs are greatly needed. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to examine the feasibility of a virtual reality (VR) active video gaming system (ie, bundle of consumer-available equipment) to meet US physical activity guidelines in two youth with SB. METHODS Two youth with SB—a 12-year-old female and a 13-year-old male; both full-time wheelchair users—participated in a brief, 4-week exercise program using a popular VR head-mounted display: Oculus Quest (Facebook Technologies). The system included a Polar H10 (Polar Canada) Bluetooth heart rate monitor, a no-cost mobile phone app (VR Health Exercise Tracker [Virtual Reality Institute of Health and Exercise]), and 13 games. The intervention protocol was conducted entirely in the homes of the participants due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The VR system was shipped to participants and they were instructed to do their best to complete 60 minutes of moderate-intensity VR exercise per day. Exercise duration, intensity, and calories expended were objectively monitored and recorded during exercise using the heart rate monitor and a mobile app. Fatigue and depression were measured via self-report questionnaires at pre- and postintervention. Participants underwent a semistructured interview with research staff at postintervention. RESULTS Across the intervention period, the total average minutes of all exercise performed each week for participants 1 and 2 were 281 (SD 93) and 262 (SD 55) minutes, respectively. The total average minutes of moderate-intensity exercise performed per week for participants 1 and 2 were 184 (SD 103) (184/281, 65.4%) and 215 (SD 90) (215/262, 82.1%) minutes, respectively. One participant had a reduction in their depression score, using the Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (Neuro-QoL) test, from baseline to postintervention, but no other changes were observed for fatigue and depression scores. Participants reported that the amount of exercise they completed was far higher than what was objectively recorded, due to usability issues with the chest-worn heart rate monitor. Participants noted that they were motivated to exercise due to the enjoyment of the games and VR headset as well as support from a caregiver. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that two youth with SB who used wheelchairs could use a VR system to independently and safely achieve exercise guidelines at home. Study findings identified a promising protocol for promoting exercise in this population and this warrants further examination in future studies with larger samples.

Improving Optimal Performance—And Life—For Young Athletes

Biofeedback ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy Todd
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Life Functioning

A composite case study illustrates how a multidisciplinary approach can be used to improve athletic performance and overall life functioning. The use of heart rate/respiration biofeedback and QEEG-guided neurofeedback are built on a foundation of cognitive therapy. The elements in the article are taken from several successful cases over the course of several years. The athletes represented in this article range from 18 to 24 years old, are from a variety of sports, and are from higher levels of achievement.

A quasi-experimental test of a virtual reality game prototype for adolescent E-Cigarette prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 106639
Author(s):  
Veronica U. Weser ◽  
Lindsay R. Duncan ◽  
Tyra M. Pendergrass ◽  
Claudia-Santi Fernandes ◽  
Lynn E. Fiellin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

scholarly journals The Effect of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality on Inducing Anxiety for Exposure Therapy: A Comparison Using Heart Rate Variability

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chai-Fen Tsai ◽  
Shih-Ching Yeh ◽  
Yanyan Huang ◽  
Zhengyu Wu ◽  
Jianjun Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Medication Treatment ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Physiological Reactions ◽  
Survey Questionnaires ◽  
Anxiety Questionnaire

Claustrophobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by the fear of enclosed spaces. Although medication treatment can effectively control symptoms, the effects quickly disappear once medication is discontinued. Many studies have shown that combining psychotherapy and medication is more efficacious than solely using medication. However, the weaknesses of the traditional psychotherapy are that it is time-consuming and expensive. Alternatively, vivo exposure therapy is proposed in which anxiety is gradually triggered with stimuli. Targeting claustrophobia is diagnosed using the traditional method, and this study established virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) environments consistent with claustrophobic characteristics, comparing the two using an experimental process to examine whether VR and AR environments are equally capable of triggering anxiety in participants. This study further analysed the efficacies of VR and AR by measuring changes in participant’s heart rates variability (HRV) and examining data from survey questionnaires. HRV results indicated that the proposed VR system and AR system were both able to trigger anxiety. Furthermore, the AR environment produced a stronger experience for the participants and caused physiological reactions more evident than those caused by the VR environment. Regarding the anxiety questionnaire, the participants suggested that their anxiety was significantly higher in the VR environment than in the AR environment.

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