ECG-based monitoring of blood potassium concentration: Periodic versus principal component as lead transformation for biomarker robustness

Background. The aim of this study was to identify the blood potassium level beneficial to the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal motility during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in patient undergoing open abdominal surgery. Materials and Methods. 538 critically ill patients after open abdominal surgery and receiving CRRT were retrospectively recruited as the study cohort. Demographic and clinical data were recorded along with an evaluation of the postoperative gastrointestinal motility. Results. Correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation coefficient, and then the variables with correlation coefficient value less than 0.5 were included in the binary logistic regression model. Binary logistic regression model indicated that the postoperative blood potassium level was independently associated with the recovery of gastrointestinal motility (OR=0.109, 95% CI= 0.063 to 0.190, p<0.001). Based on the normal range of blood potassium level, we selected the cut-off point of blood potassium level via Weight of Evidence analysis, which was 4.00 mmol/L. Compared with the patients with insufficient blood potassium levels (plasma potassium concentration < 4.00 mmol/L), those with sufficient blood potassium levels (plasma potassium concentration≥ 4.00 mmol/L) conferred an increase in the rate of 4-day postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal motility (OR= 4.425, 95% CI = 2.933 to 6.667, p<0.001). Conclusions. Maintaining the blood potassium concentrations at a relatively high level of the normal blood potassium range during CRRT would be beneficial to postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal motility.

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On-line continuous potentiometric measurement of potassium concentration in whole blood during open-heart surgery.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/25.1.39 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 39-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

H F Osswald ◽

R Asper ◽

W Dimai ◽

W Simon

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Heart Surgery ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Open Heart Surgery ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Open Heart ◽

Flame Photometer ◽

Blood Potassium ◽

On Line ◽

Flow Through

Abstract We describe a flow-through system with an ion-selective electrode for measurement of blood potassium ion concentration, continuously and on-line off the extracorporeal blood circulation in an operating theater during human open-heart surgery. Comparison measurements were made with the SMA flame photometer (blood plasma) and an Orion SS 30 sodium/potassium analyzer (whole blood). The potassium concentration values obtained with the flow-through system agree well with the ones determined with the flame photometer. The time delay of the measurement with the flow-through system was relatively long (2 min) but delays of only 10--20 s seem feasible. Short time delays can deepen insight and simplify rational treatment under surgery conditions.

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Perfusion strategy and mid-term results of 58 consecutive pulmonary endarterectomy

Perfusion ◽

10.1177/0267659119831518 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 475-481

Author(s):

Shujie Yan ◽

Song Lou ◽

Jiade Zhu ◽

Sheng Liu ◽

Yu Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurological Outcome ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Circulatory Arrest ◽

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest ◽

Good Recovery ◽

Pulmonary Endarterectomy ◽

Short Term ◽

Blood Potassium ◽

Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to review and report short-term and mid-term outcomes of pulmonary endarterectomy for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension at our institute in the recent 2 years and to describe perfusion strategy. Methods: A total of 58 consecutive patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension underwent pulmonary endarterectomy under deep hypothermia circulatory arrest with an established perfusion practice between November 2015 and December 2017. Peri-operative data and patients’ outcome were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Mean pulmonary artery pressure was decreased (49 (40-56) mmHg vs 27 (20-31) mmHg, p < 0.001), and pulmonary vascular resistance (724 (538-1108) vs 206 (141-284) dyn second cm−5, p < 0.001) improved significantly after surgery. In-hospital mortality was 1.7% and postoperative complication rate was 27.6%. Antipsychotic medication of olanzapine was prescribed for 36 patients (62.1%), which was independently related to total deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, postoperative blood potassium concentration, and hematocrit. The majority of patients recovered uneventfully with good mid-term cardiac function (New York Heart Association I-II: 98.1%) and neurological outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale—Extended Upper Good Recovery: 74.1% and Lower Good Recovery: 20.3%). Mid-term neurological outcome was associated with post–pulmonary endarterectomy antipsychotic medication. Conclusion: Short-term and mid-term outcome after pulmonary endarterectomy was comparable to high-volume centers. Incidence of post–pulmonary endarterectomy delirium was relatively high and associated with mid-term neurological outcome. Total deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time, postoperative blood potassium concentration, and hematocrit were independent risk factors of postoperative olanzapine medication. More efforts and further research are required to optimize the neuroprotection of perfusion practice.

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Noninvasive quantification of blood potassium concentration from electrocardiogram analysis

Journal of Electrocardiology ◽

10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2010.12.013 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. e2

Author(s):

Cristiana Corsi ◽

Stefano Severi ◽

Mark Haigney ◽

Johan De Bie ◽

David Mortara

Keyword(s):

Potassium Concentration ◽

Blood Potassium

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Investigation of outpatients referred to a chemical pathologist with potential pseudohyperkalaemia

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jcp.2008.062141 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 62 (10) ◽

pp. 920-923 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A K Kapoor ◽

A Ravi ◽

P J Twomey

Keyword(s):

Major Part ◽

Systematic Approach ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Plasma Potassium ◽

Full Blood Count ◽

Haematological Abnormality ◽

Blood Potassium ◽

Male Patients

Background:Pseudohyperkalaemia is when the in vitro blood potassium concentration is artefactually raised while the in vivo concentration is normal. With unexplained hyperkalaemia, pseudohyperkalaemia needs to be excluded to avoid unnecessary and potentially detrimental therapy. There are numerous causes, but no systematic approach for the investigation of outpatients with potential pseudohyperkalaemia exists in the literature.Aims:To evaluate the in-house protocol.Methods:Patients referred for investigation of potential pseudohyperkalaemia underwent an outpatient based protocol which is designed to determine whether the cause was due to delayed blood separation, clotting, centrifugation or a haematological abnormality.Results:32 patients with serum potassium of 5.5–7.1 mmol/l were referred. All patients had pseudohyperkalaemia; the most frequent causes were full blood count (FBC) abnormalities (28%), time >4 hours from sampling to centrifugation (28%) and sample clotting (25%). Anaemia was more likely to be found in male patients.Conclusion:Before a problem can be treated, it must be confirmed and its aetiology identified. A systematic approach to investigate potential pseudohyperkalaemia has been presented. This confirmed the clinician’s suspicion of pseudohyperkalaemia and in the majority of patients the aetiology was also identified. The use of serum and plasma potassium with an FBC in the initial investigation will identify whether clotting or a haematological abnormality is the cause in about half of the cases. Assay of whole-blood potassium is less important as centrifugation is a rare cause. Time to centrifugation is likely to play a major part in the majority of the remaining cases.

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T-Wave Morphology Changes as Surrogate for Blood Potassium Concentration in Hemodialysis Patients

2019 Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC) ◽

10.22489/cinc.2019.109 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Flavio Palmieri ◽

Pedro Gomis ◽

José Esteban Ruiz ◽

Beatriz Bergasa ◽

Ferreira Dina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potassium Concentration ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

T Wave ◽

Blood Potassium ◽

Wave Morphology ◽

Morphology Changes

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The Relationship Between Blood Ions and Blood-Cell Density in Insects

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.47.2.313 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 313-326

Author(s):

JOHN BRADY

Keyword(s):

Whole Blood ◽

Periplaneta Americana ◽

Regression Coefficient ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Blood Potassium ◽

The Mean ◽

Matched Data ◽

The Relationship

1. Pairs of blood samples were taken from individual Periplaneta americana, the first sample being used for a live-blood haemocyte count and the second (collected 10 sec. later) for potassium and sodium determinations. 2. Analysis of these matched data on cell count and whole-blood ion concentration reveals a positive correlation between the haemocyte density and the potassium concentration, the mean regression coefficient being +0·83 mM K+/l. of blood for 10,000 cells/µl. 3. Similar analysis of the sodium data gives a negative correlation, with a mean regression coefficient of -1·69 mM N+/l. for 10,000 cells/µl. 4. Haematocrit estimations on heat-fixed blood, whose haemocyte density was simultaneously determined, indicate a mean haemocyte volume of 720 µ3. 5. If the correlations relate entirely to the contents of the haemocytes, comparison with the haemocyte volume would indicate that the cell sap contains 115 mM/l. of potassium and probably less than about 60 mM/l. of sodium; these levels are very similar to those reported for other tissues of the cockroach. 6. Since cockroach blood contains relatively little potassium these figures suggest that a significant proportion of the whole-blood potassium may be contained within the haemocytes and so not be immediately available physiologically.

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The effect of haemoglobin and potassium polymorphism on growth and wool production in Welsh mountain sheep

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600063139 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 179-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. H. Watson ◽

A. G. H. Khattab

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Potassium Level ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Seasonal Effects ◽

Production Traits ◽

Mean Values ◽

Wool Production ◽

Blood Potassium

A population of 1549 Welsh Mountain sheep, typed for haemoglobin and blood potassium concentration, were examined for correlations with production traits.The statistical analysis was carried out within years, to avoid seasonal effects, and constants were fitted for sire, parity of birth and sex, as well as for haemoglobin and potassium type.Few of the associations dependent on haemoglobin and potassium level reached significance at generally accepted levels of probability but an underlying consistency existed in mean values. Generally, animals of LK phenotypes showed marginally better neo-natal growth than HK phenotypes and animals possessing haemoglobin A had greater fleece-weights than those which did not.

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Changes in the Blood Potassium Concentration of the African Migratory Locust (Locusta Migratoria Migratorioides R. & F.) During Food Deprivation, and the Effect on Neuromuscular Activity

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.31.2.260 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 260-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

G. HOYLE

Keyword(s):

Potassium Concentration ◽

Locusta Migratoria ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Muscle Membrane ◽

Migratory Locust ◽

Locusta Migratoria Migratorioides ◽

Mechanical Responses ◽

Short Period ◽

Blood Potassium ◽

Sodium And Potassium

1. The concentrations of sodium and potassium in the haemolymph of the locust Locusta migratoria migratorioides R. & F. have been determined by flame photometry. The molar ratio of sodium to potassium is normally about 5 : 1. 2. During a short period of starvation the potassium content of the haemolymph decreases by as much as 50 %. 3. The change in potassium is adequate to account for observed differences in muscle membrane resting potentials and for variations in the mechanical responses of the muscles to nerve stimulation. 4. The ability of 5th-instar hoppers to respond to stimulation by hopping or jumping is increased after a short period of starvation owing to the increased mechanical responses of the muscles. 5. It is suggested that changes in diet potassium will be found to influence behaviour of locusts by the direct effect of the potassium on muscle fibre activity.

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