The effect of haemoglobin and potassium polymorphism on growth and wool production in Welsh mountain sheep

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Watson ◽  
A. G. H. Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Blood Potassium

A population of 1549 Welsh Mountain sheep, typed for haemoglobin and blood potassium concentration, were examined for correlations with production traits.The statistical analysis was carried out within years, to avoid seasonal effects, and constants were fitted for sire, parity of birth and sex, as well as for haemoglobin and potassium type.Few of the associations dependent on haemoglobin and potassium level reached significance at generally accepted levels of probability but an underlying consistency existed in mean values. Generally, animals of LK phenotypes showed marginally better neo-natal growth than HK phenotypes and animals possessing haemoglobin A had greater fleece-weights than those which did not.

scholarly journals Association between Blood Potassium Level and Recovery of Postoperative Gastrointestinal Motility during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Patient Undergoing Open Abdominal Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yi Yang ◽  
Jingjuan Yang ◽  
Xiner Yao ◽  
Yu Cui ◽  
Xiabing Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Open Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Blood Potassium

Background. The aim of this study was to identify the blood potassium level beneficial to the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal motility during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in patient undergoing open abdominal surgery. Materials and Methods. 538 critically ill patients after open abdominal surgery and receiving CRRT were retrospectively recruited as the study cohort. Demographic and clinical data were recorded along with an evaluation of the postoperative gastrointestinal motility. Results. Correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation coefficient, and then the variables with correlation coefficient value less than 0.5 were included in the binary logistic regression model. Binary logistic regression model indicated that the postoperative blood potassium level was independently associated with the recovery of gastrointestinal motility (OR=0.109, 95% CI= 0.063 to 0.190, p<0.001). Based on the normal range of blood potassium level, we selected the cut-off point of blood potassium level via Weight of Evidence analysis, which was 4.00 mmol/L. Compared with the patients with insufficient blood potassium levels (plasma potassium concentration < 4.00 mmol/L), those with sufficient blood potassium levels (plasma potassium concentration≥ 4.00 mmol/L) conferred an increase in the rate of 4-day postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal motility (OR= 4.425, 95% CI = 2.933 to 6.667, p<0.001). Conclusions. Maintaining the blood potassium concentrations at a relatively high level of the normal blood potassium range during CRRT would be beneficial to postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal motility.

scholarly journals Hypokalemic myoplegia

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
T G Sakovets ◽  
E I Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Extracellular Fluid ◽  
Periodic Paralysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Potassium Loss ◽  
Blood Potassium

Acute generalized muscle weakness may have a different underlying cause. Among all urgently admitted patients, hypokalemia is observed in more than 20% of cases. Usually blood potassium concentration decrease is not fatal, but severe hypokalemia can be life-threatening for the patient suffering from cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disorders. Hypokalemia manifests clinically by muscle pain, weakness, the intestinal motility disorders, constipation, marked decrease in serum potassium levels can lead to fatal rhabdomyolysis. The key hormones that regulate the total stock of potassium in the body and its normal redistribution of intra- and extracellular fluid are insulin and catecholamines, interacting with β-adrenergic receptors. Regulation of blood potassium level is provided by insulin and it is a feedback (hyperkalemia stimulates insulin secretion, decreased potassium levels inhibits it). The level of catecholamines is not determined by potassium concentration, however, it influences the serum potassium level. Hypokalemia is usually the result of potassium loss due to abnormal renal (treatment with thiazides, high doses of corticosteroids, antibiotics, primary hyperaldosteronism due to adenoma, adrenal carcinoma, bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, Liddle, Bartter’s, Gitelman’s syndromes, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 11β-hydroxylase, 17α-hydroxylase deficiency, Cushing’s syndrome) or extrarenal (intense vomiting, diarrhea due to excessive laxative use, salmonellosis, yersiniosis, HIV-infection, bowel tumors, chemotherapy, radiation therapy in cancer patients, celiac disease, jejunoileal bypass, a lack of potassium in food) potassium loss, an also a transmembrane shift of potassium (hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis, β2-agonist, bronchodilators, theophylline intake). Hypokalemic myoplegia may lead to fatal complications, requiring doctors of various specialties’ to know the clinical manifestations of hypokalemia, which may have different underlying cause.

scholarly journals Blood potassium level associated with recovery of post-operative gastrointestinal motility during continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patient undergoing open abdominal surgery

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Yi Yang ◽  
Xin-Er Yao ◽  
Jing-Juan Yang ◽  
Yu Cui ◽  
Xia-Bing Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motility ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Plasma Potassium ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Open Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Blood Potassium ◽  
Operative Recovery

Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential therapeutic goal of blood potassium level beneficial to the post-operative recovery of gastrointestinal motility during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in critically ill patient undergoing open abdominal surgery. Methods: 538 critically ill patients after open abdominal surgery and receiving CRRT were retrospectively recruited as the study cohort. Demographic and clinical data including plasma potassium levels were recorded along with evaluation of post-operative gastrointestinal motility. The median of first gastrointestinal motility recovery time was 4 days of the present study cohort, and we used gastrointestinal motility recovery during 4-day period and un-recovery at 4 days after the completion of surgery as the primary endpoints. Results: The received operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the post-operative blood potassium level during CRRT was significantly associated with the recovery of gastrointestinal motility (AUC = 0.72, p<0.001), and plasma potassium concentration at the cut-off point of the ROC curve was 4.00 mmol/L. Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that compared with the patients with insufficient blood potassium level (plasma potassium concentration < 4.00mmol/L), those with sufficient level (plasma potassium concentration ≥4.00mmol/L) had higher rate of 4-day post-operative recovery of gastrointestinal motility (p<0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the post-operative blood potassium level was independently associated with the recovery of gastrointestinal motility, patients with a sufficient blood potassium level conferred an increase in the rate of 4-day post-operative recovery of gastrointestinal motility (OR= 4.36, 95% CI 2.92-6.52, p<0.001). Conclusions: Our data indicated that keeping the blood potassium concentration at a relative high level of the regular blood potassium range during CRRT, would be beneficial to post-operative recovery of gastrointestinal motility, and eventually implied the potential therapeutic goal of blood potassium level for the recovery of post-operative gastrointestinal motility during CRRT in critically ill patient undergoing open abdominal surgery.

Blood biochemical polymorphic traits in relation to wool production efficiency in Indian sheep

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Kalla ◽  
P. K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Glutathione Level ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Blood Potassium ◽  
Wool Yield ◽  
Indian Sheep

SUMMARYSeven hundred and twenty-five adult ewes of six breeds, namely Marwari, Chokla, Magra, Pugal, Jaisalmeri and Russian Merino x Marwari (F1) were typed for blood potassium, haemoglobin and erythrocyte-reduced glutathione (GSH) types. The nature of the association between each polymorphic trait and wool production efficiency (wool yield per kg body weight) in these breeds has been examined.GSHh animals were predominant in all the breeds. A negative correlation was observed between wool production per kg body weight and erythrocyte glutathione level. In general, mean wool production per kg body weight was found to be more in animals of Hb type A than in other Hb type animals. No significant correlation between blood potassium level and wool production per kg body weight was found in any of these breeds.

Genetic evaluation of production traits between and within flocks of Merino sheep. I. Hogget fleece weights, body weight and wool quality

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
SI Mortimer ◽  
KD Atkins
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Genetic And Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Fleece Weight

Wool production traits were measured on Merino hogget ewes in an unselected multiple-bloodline flock over a 7-year period at Trangie Agricultural Research Centre, N.S.W. The traits measured were greasy fleece weight (GFW), skirted fleece weight (SKFW), yield (Y), clean fleece weight (CFW), fibre diameter (FD), body weight (BWT) and staple length (SL). These measurements were used to examine genetic differences between and within flocks of Merino sheep, and to estimate heritability of and genetic and phenotypic correlations among these traits. Significant strain, flock within strain and flock effects were present for all traits. Interactions between these effects and year were non-significant. Within-flock genetic variance was always larger than between-flock within strain genetic variance for each trait. The influence of environmental effects on these traits was also examined. The environmental effects of birth-rearing type, age at observation and age of dam together accounted for about 7-10% of the total within-flock variation in fleece weights and body weight.After adjusting for significant environmental effects, paternal half-sib heritability estimates were 0.29 �. 0.06 for GFW, 0.22 � 0.05 for SKFW, 0.35 � 0.05 for Y, 0.30 �0.06 for CFW, 0.48 �0.07 for FD, 0.34 �. 0.06 for BWT and 0.44 �0.07 for SL. Estimates for genetic and phenotypic correlations were in agreement with published estimates except for the genetic correlation between CFW and FD (0.40 �. 0.11), and the genetic correlations involving BWT, which were essentially zero. The implications of the results of this study for the genetic improvement of Merino sheep for wool production are discussed.

PHYSIOLOGIC HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA AND HEMOLYSIS OF ERYTHROCYTES BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SOLUTION IN THE NEWBORN: INVESTIGATION OF A POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
Jo-Anne E. Richards ◽  
Richard B. Goldbloom ◽  
Ronald L. Denton
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Newborn Infant ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Relative Deficiency

Forty-three full-term infants have been studied with respect to hemolysis of erythrocytes in solutions of hydrogen peroxide and concentrations of bilirubin in the serum. Mean values for concentration of bilirubin in the serum and percentage of hemolysis followed similar patterns in the first few days of life. However, statistical analysis of the data in individual cases showed no significant correlation between the degree of hemolysis in solutions of hydrogen peroxide and the concentrations of bilirubin in the serum. Administration of vitamin E prevented an increase in hemolysis of erythrocytes in solutions of hydrogen peroxide but failed to produce any significant change in concentrations of bilirubin as compared with the control group. The evidence suggests that the relative deficiency of vitamin E which exists in most newborn infants does not play a part in the causation or maintenance of physiologic hyperbilirubinemia. The clinical significance of increased hemolysis of the erythrocytes of the newborn infant in solutions of hydrogen peroxide remains a mystery. Possible approaches to the clarification of this problem are suggested.

SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULINS: I. LEVELS IN NORMAL CHILDREN AND IN UNCOMPLICATED CHILDHOOD ALLERGY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-611
Author(s):  
Rebecca H. Buckley ◽  
Susan C. Dees ◽  
W. Michael O'Fallon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulins ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Contrast Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

In 201 normal individuals from infancy to adulthood, serum concentrations of immunoglobulins G, A, and M are presented as geometric mean values (mg/l00 ml) and as percents of adult mean values for each of these proteins. A statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between age and both IgG and IgA concentrations up to ages 6 and 7 years. No correlation was present between age and immunoglobulin concentrations beyond that time, suggesting that the adult concentrations of IgG and IgA are normally reached and maintained after ages 6 and 7 years. In contrast, analysis of the IgM data suggested that the adult value is reached by age 1 year. No truly significant differences were found in immunoglobulin concentrations which could be attributed to sex. Significantly higher concentrations of IgG were found in normal Negro than in normal Caucasian subjects after age 6 years, but no significant differences were found below this age for IgG or at any age for IgA and IgM. Similarly determined serum immunoglobulins in 85 allergic children, selected because they had no complicating illnesses, were compared with the normal group according to the age of the child. No significant differences were found in concentrations of either IgG or IgA. Some differences were found in IgM, but these were small and were primarily associated with the relationship of IgM to age in the allergic group.

Acute effect of ACTH, aldosterone, sodium and potassium on parotid secretion

1959 ◽  
Vol 197 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Langley ◽  
W. A. Beall ◽  
J. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Parotid Saliva ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The intravenous administration of 20 u of ACTH in a single injection alters the flow and composition of parotid saliva in the dog. The flow was increased 44%, sodium concentration 75% and the potassium concentration decreased 19%. These alterations do not occur in the adrenalectomized dog. Aldosterone increased the sodium concentration only 20%, decreased the potassium level 6.3% and had an insignificant influence on flow. The intravenous infusion of sodium decreases parotid flow whereas potassium increases it. It is concluded that these alterations represent a direct influence of the electrolytes on the gland since adrenalectomy has no influence on this response. It is suggested that parotid function is changed by the infusion of these electrolytes due to the alteration of the intra-extracellular gradients. The adrenal steroids may have a similar effect.

scholarly journals Relative Ion Permeabilities in the Crayfish Giant Axon Determined from Rapid External Ion Changes

1967 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1929-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Strickholm ◽  
B. Gunnar Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Potassium Level ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Giant Axon ◽  
Resting Potential ◽  
Resting Membrane Potential ◽  
Constant Field ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
External Potassium

The changes in membrane potential of isolated, single crayfish giant axons following rapid shifts in external ion concentrations have been studied. At normal resting potential the immediate change in membrane potential after a variation in external potassium concentration is quite marked compared to the effect of an equivalent chloride change. If the membrane is depolarized by a maintained potassium elevation, the immediate potential change due to a chloride variation becomes comparable to that of an equivalent potassium change. There is no appreciable effect on membrane potential when external sodium is varied, at normal or at a depolarized membrane potential. Starting from the constant field equation, expressions for the permeability ratios PCl/PK, PNa/PK, and for intracellular potassium and chloride concentrations are derived. At normal resting membrane potential, PCl/PK is 0.13 but at a membrane potential of -53 mv (external potassium level increased about five times) it is 0.85. The intracellular concentrations of potassium and chloride are estimated to be 233 and 34 mM, respectively, and it is pointed out that this is not compatible with ions distributed in a Nernst equilibrium across the membrane. It is also stressed that the information given by a plot of membrane potential vs. the logarithm of external potassium concentrations is very limited and rests upon several important assumptions.

scholarly journals LAMB AND WOOL PRODUCTION FROM FIVE BREEDS ON RANGE

1966 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Vesely ◽  
H. F. Peters ◽  
S. B. Slen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Ewe Lamb ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Staple Length

Rambouillet, Romnelet, Columbia, Targhee, and Suffolk sheep were evaluated under range conditions for the production of lamb and wool in the period 1960–1963. The production traits analyzed were: birth and weaning weight; face cover and neck wrinkling; fertility, prolificacy, weaned lamb production, and body weight of ewe; lamb survival to weaning; grease and clean fleece weight, staple length, wool grade, and percentage yield of clean wool by yearling and mature ewes.Lambs of Romnelet were lighter at birth than those of the other breeds. Targhee and Suffolk were the heaviest at birth. Romnelet and Columbia lambs were lighter at weaning than those of Rambouillet, Targhee, and Suffolk.Fertility, prolificacy, and weaned lamb production were essentially the same in the four range breeds. Suffolk produced more weaned lamb than the other four breeds. There were no breed differences in the survival of lambs.Columbia exceeded all other breeds in production of grease and clean fleece weight. Suffolk produced the smallest amount of wool. Staple length of Columbia ewes was 4.3, 7.5, 18.6, 23.7 mm longer than that of Romnelet, Targhee, Suffolk, and Rambouillet ewes.

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