A novel highly charged exopolysaccharide produced by two strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 (13) ◽  
pp. 1916-1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Cescutti ◽  
Bruno Cuzzi ◽  
Gianfranco Liut ◽  
Christine Segonds ◽  
Giovanni Di Bonaventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia

22. Immune Response to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Cystic Fibrosis Patients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Wettlaufer
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Sera Samples

Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is one of the most common multidrug-resistant organisms isolated from the cystic fibrosis (CF) respiratory tract but it is unknown how it influences the long term clinical outcomes of CF patients.   Objective/Hypothesis: To characterize the immune response to S. maltophilia and its association with clinical outcomes in CF patients over time.  Methods: This was a longitudinal study from 2007-2014 of CF patients followed at The Hospital for Sick Children and St. Michael’s Hospital. All patients were classified as: 1) those with chronic S. maltophilia: ³2 positive cultures/year, 2) intermittent S. maltophilia: 1 positive sputum culture/year, and 3) no S. maltophilia cultures/year with and without chronic P. aeruginosa. IgG/IgA/IgM serologic responses were measured in serial sera samples by ELISA using whole cell S. maltophilia antigen. Results were calculated as the ratio of the average serum sample optical density to the average optical density of the negative control wells. Antibody levels for each patient were compared longitudinally to their rate of decline in FEV1 % predicted, body mass index, and rate of hospitalization.   Results: S. maltophilia antibody levels were measured in 350 sera samples from 113 CF patients. Median baseline antibody levels were 1.56 (range 0.996-5.15) in chronic patients, 1.09 (range 0.907-3.79) in intermittent patients, and 1.12 (range 0.737-4.86) in patients with no S. maltophilia.  Conclusions: Preliminary data suggests antibody levels to be significantly higher in patients with chronic S. maltophilia, and no significant difference between intermittent S. maltophilia and no S. maltophilia.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of cystic fibrosis respiratory pathogens isolated at a South African Hospital, 2006–2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Vindana Chibabhai ◽  
Warren Lowman
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
South African ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Population ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Background: The epidemiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) associated pathogens other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the South African cystic fibrosis population has not been previously described.Methods: A retrospective review of respiratory cultures taken from cystic fibrosis clinic patients at the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital from 2006 to 2010 was performed.Results: During the study period, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia complex and Candida albicans prevalence remained stable, Aspergillus fumigatus increased from 8% to 20% (p = 0.0132); Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 66% to 50% (p = 0.0243) and Haemophilus influenzae decreased from 13% to 3% (p = 0.0136). There were significant antimicrobial susceptibility changes to meropenem (p  0.0001) amongst P. aeruginosa isolates and cloxacillin (p 0.0001) amongst S. aureus isolates. Prevalence of most bacterial pathogens appeared to increase with increasing age.Conclusion: The findings of this study illustrate the epidemiology of CF associated respiratory pathogens and the trends in prevalence and susceptibility patterns over a 5-year period.

scholarly journals Cooperative pathogenicity in cystic fibrosis: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia modulates Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence in mixed biofilm

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Pompilio ◽  
Valentina Crocetta ◽  
Serena De Nicola ◽  
Fabio Verginelli ◽  
Ersilia Fiscarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia

scholarly journals Stenotrophomonas maltophilia phenotypic and genotypic features through 4-year cystic fibrosis lung colonization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Alcaraz ◽  
Daniela Centrón ◽  
Gabriela Camicia ◽  
María Paula Quiroga ◽  
José Di Conza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Adult Patient ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Clonal Relatedness ◽  
Over Time

Introduction. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as one of the most common multi-drug-resistant pathogens isolated from people with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, its adaptation over time to CF lungs has not been fully established. Hypothesis. Sequential isolates of S. maltophilia from a Brazilian adult patient are clonally related and show a pattern of adaptation by loss of virulence factors. Aim. To investigate antimicrobial susceptibility, clonal relatedness, mutation frequency, quorum sensing (QS) and selected virulence factors in sequential S. maltophilia isolates from a Brazilian adult patient attending a CF referral centre in Buenos Aires, Argentina, between May 2014 and May 2018. Methodology. The antibiotic resistance of 11 S. maltophilia isolates recovered from expectorations of an adult female with CF was determined. Clonal relatedness, mutation frequency, QS variants (RpfC–RpfF), QS autoinducer (DSF) and virulence factors were investigated in eight viable isolates. Results. Seven S. maltophilia isolates were resistant to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole and five to levofloxacin. All isolates were susceptible to minocycline. Strong, weak and normomutators were detected, with a tendency to decreased mutation rate over time. XbaI PFGE revealed that seven isolates belong to two related clones. All isolates were RpfC–RpfF1 variants and DSF producers. Only two isolates produced weak biofilms, but none displayed swimming or twitching motility. Four isolates showed proteolytic activity and amplified stmPr1 and stmPr2 genes. Only the first three isolates were siderophore producers. Four isolates showed high resistance to oxidative stress, while the last four showed moderate resistance. Conclusion. The present study shows the long-time persistence of two related S. maltophilia clones in an adult female with CF. During the adaptation of the prevalent clones to the CF lungs over time, we identified a gradual loss of virulence factors that could be associated with the high amounts of DSF produced by the evolved isolates. Further, a decreased mutation rate was observed in the late isolates. The role of all these adaptations over time remains to be elucidated from a clinical perspective, probably focusing on the damage they can cause to CF lungs.

Case 13

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Hilary Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Single Room ◽  
Inhaled Antibiotics ◽  
True Infection ◽  
Opportunist Pathogen

There is an increasing number of opportunist pathogens that may cause acute pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis as the patient cohort survives longer. However, it can often be difficult to determine if the isolation of these bacteria represents colonization or true infection. Their identification from sputum samples in the microbiology laboratory is also challenging, requires significant scientific expertise, and is assisted by new technologies such as MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry). One such opportunist pathogen is Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, for which risk factors include increasing age and recent oral antibiotics, especially carbapenems. However, it is unclear if this bacterium is transmitted from patient to patient unlike with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but all patients with cystic fibrosis should be admitted to a single room when hospitalization is required. Controversies exist regarding the optimal treatment which in the future may include a greater reliance on inhaled antibiotics.

Investigation of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia epidemiology in a French cystic fibrosis center

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 100757
Author(s):  
C. Capaldo ◽  
C. Beauruelle ◽  
P. Saliou ◽  
G. Rault ◽  
S. Ramel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia

scholarly journals Cystic Fibrosis-AssociatedStenotrophomonas maltophiliaStrain-Specific Adaptations and Responses to pH

2019 ◽  
Vol 201 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Gallagher ◽  
Joann Phan ◽  
Andrew Oliver ◽  
Alexander B. Chase ◽  
Whitney E. England ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe airway fluids of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients contain local pH gradients and are more acidic than those of healthy individuals. pH is a critical factor that is often overlooked in studies seeking to recapitulate the infection microenvironment. We sought to determine the impact of pH on the physiology of a ubiqituous yet understudied microbe,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Phylogenomics was first used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships between 74 strains ofS. maltophilia(59 from CF patients). Neither the core genome (2,158 genes) nor the accessory genome (11,978 genes) distinguish the CF and non-CF isolates; however, strains from similar isolation sources grouped into the same subclades. We grew two human and six CFS. maltophiliaisolates from different subclades at a range of pH values and observed impaired growth and altered antibiotic tolerances at pH 5. Transcriptomes revealed increased expression of both antibiotic resistance and DNA repair genes in acidic conditions. Although the gene expression profiles ofS. maltophiliain lab cultures and CF sputum were distinct, we found that the same genes associated with low pH were also expressed during infection, and the higher pH cultures were more similar to sputum metatranscriptomes. Our findings suggest thatS. maltophiliais not well adapted to acidity and may cope with low pH by expressing stress response genes and colonizing less acidic microenvironments. As a whole, our study underlines the impact of microenvironments on bacterial colonization and adaptation in CF infections.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding bacterial responses to physiological conditions is an important priority for combating opportunistic infections. The majority of CF patients succumb to inflammation and necrosis in the airways, arising from chronic infection due to ineffective mucociliary clearance. Steep pH gradients characterize the CF airways but are not often incorporated in standard microbiology culture conditions.Stenotrophomonas maltophiliais a prevalent CF opportunistic pathogen also found in many disparate environments, yet this bacterium’s contribution to CF lung damage and its response to changing environmental factors remain largely understudied. Here, we show that pH impacts the physiology and antibiotic susceptibility ofS. maltophilia, with implications for the development of relevantin vitromodels and assessment of antibiotic sensitivity.

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