Three-dimensional quantification of soil pore structure in wind-deposited loess under different vegetation types using industrial X-ray computed tomography

CATENA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 105098
Author(s):  
Jiangbo Qiao ◽  
Xingting Liu ◽  
Yuanjun Zhu ◽  
Xiaoxu Jia ◽  
Ming'an Shao
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

scholarly journals Pore structure characterization of oak via X-ray computed tomography

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3053-3063
Author(s):  
Liangyan Guo ◽  
Hongchao Cheng ◽  
Junfeng Chen ◽  
Wentao Chen ◽  
Jingyao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Volume Porosity ◽  
Pore Area ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Area And Volume

The microscopic pore structure of wood is an important factor that affects its macroscopic properties. In this study, an oak sample was used for pore structure characterization. X-ray computed tomography imaging was carried out, and the scanning results (a multi-layer two-dimensional planar image) were rendered using Avizo software (a three-dimensional stereo image). A digital image processing method was used to identify the characteristics of the three-dimensional pore structure features and to calculate the characteristic parameters, i.e., the porosity (volume/surface), pore area and volume, pore size distribution, and the connectivity. The 27 mm3 oak sample had the following characteristics: a pore size which ranged from 8.56 µm to 1262.84 µm; a pore volume of 1.01 × 1010 µm3; a pore area and volume porosity of 1.12 × 109 µm2 and 37.6%, respectively; a surface porosity range of approximately 36.1% to 39.1%; a pore diameter for axial connection ranging from approximately 164.57 µm to 1262.84 µm; and had corresponding proportions of the pore area and volume of approximately 74.4% and 67.3%, respectively. This information provided useful structural data for the construction of future models.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional pore structure visualization and characterization of paper using X-ray computed tomography

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (09) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Defrenne ◽  
Vasili Zhdankin ◽  
Sahana Ramanna ◽  
Shri Ramaswamy ◽  
Bandaru Ramarao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
3D Visualization ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
X Ray Computed

Porous biomaterials such as paper and board have a complex structure that influences their mechanical, optical, and transport properties and thereby their performance during manufacturing and end uses. Reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) pore spaces in paper was obtained by X-ray computed tomography and used to study the structure and its impact on properties. A set of laboratory-made paper samples of varying freeness was prepared, and the 3D structures of the samples were visualized and characterized. Tomographic reconstruction images were processed using techniques such as anisotropic diffusion, minimum error thresholding, and isolated voxel removal to enhance image quality. The pore structures were analyzed to determine porosity, fiber-pore interfacial surface area, geometric tortuosity, and pore size distributions (using a sphere growing algorithm). These properties were compared with experimental data and were found to be in good agreement. The results from 3D visualization and characterization were then compared with experimental data of various samples using conventional pore structure characterization techniques, such as mercury intrusion porosimetry.

scholarly journals Three‐dimensional X‐ray‐computed tomography of 3300‐ to 6000‐year‐old Citrullus seeds from Libya and Egypt compared to extant seeds throws doubts on species assignments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Wolcott ◽  
Guillaume Chomicki ◽  
Yannick M. Staedler ◽  
Krystyna Wasylikowa ◽  
Mark Nesbitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

Visualizing Fluid Flows With X-Rays

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Heindel ◽  
Terrence C. Jensen ◽  
Joseph N. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Density Map

There are several methods available to visualize fluid flows when one has optical access. However, when optical access is limited to near the boundaries or not available at all, alternative visualization methods are required. This paper will describe flow visualization using an X-ray system that is capable of digital X-ray radiography, digital X-ray stereography, and digital X-ray computed tomography (CT). The unique X-ray flow visualization facility will be briefly described, and then flow visualization of various systems will be shown. Radiographs provide a two-dimensional density map of a three dimensional process or object. Radiographic images of various multiphase flows will be presented. When two X-ray sources and detectors simultaneously acquire images of the same process or object from different orientations, stereographic imaging can be completed; this type of imaging will be demonstrated by trickling water through packed columns and by absorbing water in a porous medium. Finally, local time-averaged phase distributions can be determined from X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging, and this will be shown by comparing CT images from two different gas-liquid sparged columns.

Three-dimensional analysis of plant structure using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang H Stuppy ◽  
Jessica A Maisano ◽  
Matthew W Colbert ◽  
Paula J Rudall ◽  
Timothy B Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Plant Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

Three dimensional characterization of laser ablation craters using high resolution X-ray computed tomography

2018 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Galmed ◽  
A. du Plessis ◽  
S.G. le Roux ◽  
E. Hartnick ◽  
H. Von Bergmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

Rapid prototyping for orthopaedic surgery

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Potamianos ◽  
A A Amis ◽  
A J Forester ◽  
M McGurk ◽  
M Bircher
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Physical Relationship ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Joint Pathology ◽  
X Ray Computed

The revision of an orthopaedic procedure can present surgeons with the challenge of a complex reconstructive process. Orthopaedic surgery can also face considerable challenges in cases presenting extensive primary injuries with multiple bone fragmentation, as well as in cases presenting bone deformities. Radiographs are used routinely for orthopaedic surgical planning, yet they provide inadequate information on the precise three-dimensional extent of bone defects. Three-dimensional reconstructions from X-ray computed tomography offer superior visualization but are not portable for consultation or readily available in the operating theatre for guidance during a procedure. A physical model manufactured from X-ray computed tomography data can offer surgeons a clear understanding of complex anatomical detail, by providing an intuitive physical relationship between patient and model. Rapid prototyping was used for the construction of an anatomical model in a case presenting with a complex shoulder injury. The model provided a definitive interpretation of joint pathology and enabled a full assessment of the degree of injury.

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