Reaching beyond the sulfided surface: Doping of copper cation to expand the pH tolerance range for SZVI

Many soft-water lakes in northeastern North America subject to acid precipitation have been affected by lakewide odours. These odours are associated with blooms consisting of nearly unialgal populations of the greenish gold alga Chrysochromulina breviturrita Nich. (Prymnesiophyceae). The alga was isolated from Cinder Lake (Ontario) into axenic culture and maintained in a chemically defined medium which corresponds to the chemistry of lakes influenced by acid precipitation. The medium which was developed, Muskoka No. 42, is described in detail and compared with the average water chemistry of affected lakes. The pH tolerance range of C. breviturrita was determined to be 4.0–6.9, with an optimum of 5.5–6.9; the alga was unable to survive above neutrality. Additions of [Formula: see text] at 100 μM or greater completely inhibited growth. Nutritional studies suggested an inability to grow on any nitrogen source other than [Formula: see text]. The alga was also found to require the vitamins B12 and thiamine but not biotin. The present results represent the first published study in which a freshwater member of the Prymnesiophyceae has been maintained axenically in a defined medium.

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Ammonia inhibition on thermophilic aceticlastic methanogens

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2002.0304 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 113-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 93

Author(s):

T. Liu ◽

S. Sung

Keyword(s):

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Background Concentrations ◽

Tolerance Range ◽

Methanogenic Activity ◽

Total Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Ph Values ◽

Anaerobic Reactors ◽

Ph Tolerance ◽

Total Ammonia ◽

Different Levels

The inhibition effects of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) on aceticlastic methanogenic activity using biomass from thermophilic anaerobic reactors were investigated in this study. Anaerobic Toxicity Assays (ATA) were conducted after the biomass was acclimated to different levels of TAN. The TAN background concentrations in the reactors were 400, 1,200, and 3,050 mg/L. The results from ATA showed: 1) high TAN concentrations could cause inhibition of aceticlastic methanogens; 2) biomass acclimated to higher TAN concentrations could alleviate the inhibition effect due to the increase of TAN concentration; 3) the lethal TAN concentration for methanogens was approximately 10,000 mg/L regardless of the background TAN concentration; 4) ATA results also revealed the role played by pH. At a given TAN concentration, methanogenic activity varied with the pH values. The highest methanogenic activity was always observed at a pH of 7.0∼7.5. 5) It was also observed that acclimation could increase the pH tolerance range, which made methanogens less sensitive to pH changes.

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The Influence of Surface Doping on Adsorption Ability of Nanopowder Metal Oxides for Gas Sensors

Journal of Nano- and Electronic Physics ◽

10.21272/jnep.9(5).05008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 05008-1-05008-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ya. V. Bobitski ◽

◽

R. V. Bovhyra ◽

D. I. Popovych ◽

S. S. Savka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxides ◽

Gas Sensors ◽

Adsorption Ability ◽

Surface Doping

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Monolayer surface doping of GaAs from a plated zinc source

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.94940 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 44 (9) ◽

pp. 884-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

D. M. Dobkin ◽

J. F. Gibbons

Keyword(s):

Zinc Source ◽

Surface Doping

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Enabling highly structure stability and adsorption performances of Li1.6Mn1.6O4 by Al-gradient surface doping

Separation and Purification Technology ◽

10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118433 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 264 ◽

pp. 118433

Author(s):

Fangren Qian ◽

Min Guo ◽

Zhiqiang Qian ◽

Bing Zhao ◽

Jun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structure Stability ◽

Surface Doping ◽

Gradient Surface

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Narrow pH tolerance found for a microbial fuel cell treating winery wastewater

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/jam.15102 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tianglong Liu ◽

Vijaya Nadaraja Anupama ◽

Justin Friesen ◽

Kiranpreet Gill ◽

Man In Lam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cell ◽

Microbial Fuel Cell ◽

Winery Wastewater ◽

Ph Tolerance

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Metallic surface doping of metal halide perovskites

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-020-20110-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuze Lin ◽

Yuchuan Shao ◽

Jun Dai ◽

Tao Li ◽

Ye Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Ions ◽

Metallic Surface ◽

Grand Challenge ◽

New Device ◽

Surface Doping ◽

N Doping ◽

Halide Perovskites ◽

Heavily Doped ◽

Low Solubility ◽

Striking Contrast

AbstractIntentional doping is the core of semiconductor technologies to tune electrical and optical properties of semiconductors for electronic devices, however, it has shown to be a grand challenge for halide perovskites. Here, we show that some metal ions, such as silver, strontium, cerium ions, which exist in the precursors of halide perovskites as impurities, can n-dope the surface of perovskites from being intrinsic to metallic. The low solubility of these ions in halide perovskite crystals excludes the metal impurities to perovskite surfaces, leaving the interior of perovskite crystals intrinsic. Computation shows these metal ions introduce many electronic states close to the conduction band minimum of perovskites and induce n-doping, which is in striking contrast to passivating ions such as potassium and rubidium ion. The discovery of metallic surface doping of perovskites enables new device and material designs that combine the intrinsic interior and heavily doped surface of perovskites.

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Kaolin-Enhanced Superabsorbent Composites: Synthesis, Characterization and Swelling Behaviors

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13081204 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1204

Author(s):

Mengna Chen ◽

Xuelong Chen ◽

Caiyan Zhang ◽

Baozheng Cui ◽

Zewen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Absorption ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Water ◽

Kinetic Mechanism ◽

Swelling Kinetics ◽

Synthesis Conditions ◽

Ph Tolerance ◽

Monovalent Salt ◽

Infrared Spectrometer ◽

Pseudo Second Order

One type of low-cost and eco-friendly organic‒inorganic superabsorbent composite (SAPC) was synthesized by free radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), starch (ST), sodium alginate (SA) and kaolin (KL) in aqueous solution. The structure and morphology of the SAPC were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The influence of different reaction conditions on water absorption of SAPC, i.e., SA and KL contents, AA neutralization degree (ND), potassium persulfate (KPS) and N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) loading were systematically studied. Under the optimal synthesis conditions, very high water absorption of 1200 g/g was achieved. The swelling kinetic mechanism of SAPC was studied by pseudo-second order swelling kinetics model and Ritger‒Peppas model. The performances of SAPC under different environments were tested and results revealed that this new SAPC had excellent swelling capacity, high water retention, good salt tolerance in monovalent salt solution (NaCl solution) and good pH tolerance between 4 and 10.

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Mercury-Mediated Organic Semiconductor Surface Doping Monitored by Electrolyte-Gated Field-Effect Transistors

Advanced Functional Materials ◽

10.1002/adfm.201703899 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (46) ◽

pp. 1703899 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Qiaoming Zhang ◽

Francesca Leonardi ◽

Stefano Casalini ◽

Marta Mas-Torrent

Keyword(s):

Organic Semiconductor ◽

Field Effect ◽

Field Effect Transistors ◽

Semiconductor Surface ◽

Surface Doping

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Surface doping of non-fullerene photoactive layer by soluble polyoxometalate for printable organic solar cells

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/d1cc00032b ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lin Hu ◽

Wen You ◽

Lulu Sun ◽

Shen Yu ◽

Mengyuan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Organic Solar Cells ◽

Effective Surface ◽

Photoactive Layer ◽

Surface Doping ◽

Immersion Technique

The non-fullerene photoactive layer can be induced an effective surface p-doping via polyoxometalate (PMA) solution immersion technique, making the device work efficiently although without an additional evaporated MoO3 hole-collecting layer.

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