Systematic identification of optimal process designs for the production of acetic acid via ethane oxidation

The direct, one-pot oxidation of ethane to acetic acid was, for the first time, performed using a C-scorpionate complex anchored onto a magnetic core-shell support, the Fe3O4/TiO2/[FeCl2{κ3-HC(pz)3}] composite. This catalytic system, where the magnetic catalyst is easily recovered and reused, is highly selective to the acetic acid synthesis. The performed green metrics calculations highlight the “greeness” of the new ethane oxidation procedure.

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Unprecedented Use of NHC Gold (I) Complexes as Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Ethane to Acetic Acid

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14154294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4294

Author(s):

Ana P. C. Ribeiro ◽

Inês A. S. Matias ◽

Poorya Zargaran ◽

A. Stephen K. Hashmi ◽

Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

High Temperature ◽

Selective Oxidation ◽

Rhodium Catalysts ◽

Ethane Oxidation ◽

Methanol Carbonylation ◽

Mild Conditions ◽

Highly Efficient ◽

Conversion Of Methane

The highly efficient eco-friendly synthesis of acetic acid (40% yield) directly from ethane is achieved by the unprecedented use of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and N-heterocyclic oxo-carbene (NHOC) gold(I) catalysts in mild conditions. This is a selective and promising protocol to generate directly acetic acid from ethane, in comparison with the two most used methods: (i) the three-step, capital- and energy-intensive process based on the high-temperature conversion of methane to acetic acid; (ii) the current industrial methanol carbonylation processes, based in iridium and expensive rhodium catalysts. Green metrics determinations highlight the environmental advantages of the new ethane oxidation procedure. Comparison with previous reported published catalysts is performed to highlight the features of this remarkable protocol.

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Kinetics and Mechanism of Ethane Oxidation to Acetic Acid on Catalysts Based on Mo−V−Nb Oxides

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ◽

10.1021/jp801488y ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 112 (38) ◽

pp. 15001-15008 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xuebing Li ◽

Enrique Iglesia

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Kinetics And Mechanism ◽

Ethane Oxidation

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Energetic and economic evaluation of the production of acetic acid via ethane oxidation

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification ◽

10.1016/s0255-2701(04)00146-1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 421-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Q SMEJKAL ◽

D LINKE ◽

M BAERNS

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Economic Evaluation ◽

Ethane Oxidation

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The optimal acetate buffered acetic acid technique for extracting phosphatic fossils

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000040798 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 73 (5) ◽

pp. 964-972 ◽

Cited By ~ 119

Author(s):

Lennart Jeppsson ◽

Rikard Anehus ◽

Doris Fredholm

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Dissolution Rate ◽

Process Monitoring ◽

Calcium Acetate ◽

Optimal Process ◽

Rate Of Dissolution

When extracting or cleaning phosphatic fossils using acetic acid, the solutions must be buffered with calcium acetate to a pH greater than 3.6 for conodont and many fish taxa, and to a slightly greater pH for some conulariid, shark, and some fish taxa. Diagrams of the changes in pH and density during dissolution, rate of dissolution, and productivity per liter of acid provide a means for selecting the economically optimal process, monitoring the progress, and adjusting the composition of the solution when necessary.

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Ectodesmata as Revealed By Freeze-Etch Preparations of Plant Epidermal Cell Walls

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100072782 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 468-469

Author(s):

N.C. Lyon ◽

W. C. Mueller

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Nitric Acid ◽

Oxalic Acid ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Epidermal Cell ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Plant Leaves ◽

Thin Sections

Schumacher and Halbsguth first demonstrated ectodesmata as pores or channels in the epidermal cell walls in haustoria of Cuscuta odorata L. by light microscopy in tissues fixed in a sublimate fixative (30% ethyl alcohol, 30 ml:glacial acetic acid, 10 ml: 65% nitric acid, 1 ml: 40% formaldehyde, 5 ml: oxalic acid, 2 g: mecuric chloride to saturation 2-3 g). Other workers have published electron micrographs of structures transversing the outer epidermal cell in thin sections of plant leaves that have been interpreted as ectodesmata. Such structures are evident following treatment with Hg++ or Ag+ salts and are only rarely observed by electron microscopy. If ectodesmata exist without such treatment, and are not artefacts, they would afford natural pathways of entry for applied foliar solutions and plant viruses.

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