Spontaneous physical activity in obese conditions modulates tissue hormonal signals leading to reduced mammary tumour growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
D. Le Guennec ◽  
M. Goepp ◽  
S. Rougé ◽  
M.-C. Farges ◽  
J. Talvas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Mammary Tumour ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity

scholarly journals Spontaneous Physical Activity in Obese Condition Favours Antitumour Immunity Leading to Decreased Tumour Growth in a Syngeneic Mouse Model of Carcinogenesis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Delphine Le Guennec ◽  
Marie Goepp ◽  
Marie-Chantal Farges ◽  
Stéphanie Rougé ◽  
Marie-Paule Vasson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Tumour Growth ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tumour Immunity ◽  
Syngeneic Mouse Model ◽  
Immune Phenotyping ◽  
Hyperlipidic Diet ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Our goal was to evaluate the effect of spontaneous physical activity on tumour immunity during aging. Elderly (n = 10/group, 33 weeks) ovariectomized C57BL/6J mice fed a hyperlipidic diet were housed in standard (SE) or enriched (EE) environments. After 4 weeks, orthotopic implantation of syngeneic mammary cancer EO771 cells was performed to explore the immune phenotyping in the immune organs and the tumours, as well as the cytokines in the tumour and the plasma. EE lowered circulating myostatin, IL-6 and slowed down tumour growth. Spleen and inguinal lymph node weights reduced in relation to SE. Within the tumours, EE induced a lower content of lymphoid cells with a decrease in Th2, Treg and MDCS; and, conversely, a greater quantity of Tc and TAMs. While no change in tumour NKs cells occurred, granzyme A and B expression increased as did that of perforin 1. Spontaneous physical activity in obese conditions slowed tumour growth by decreasing low-grade inflammation, modulating immune recruitment and efficacy within the tumour.

scholarly journals Female rats selectively bred for high intrinsic aerobic fitness are protected from ovariectomy-associated metabolic dysfunction

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (6) ◽  
pp. R530-R542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria J. Vieira-Potter ◽  
Jaume Padilla ◽  
Young-Min Park ◽  
Rebecca J. Welly ◽  
Rebecca J. Scroggins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity ◽  
Resting Energy

Ovariectomized rodents model human menopause in that they rapidly gain weight, reduce spontaneous physical activity (SPA), and develop metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance. How contrasting aerobic fitness levels impacts ovariectomy (OVX)-associated metabolic dysfunction is not known. Female rats selectively bred for high and low intrinsic aerobic fitness [high-capacity runners (HCR) and low-capacity runners (LCR), respectively] were maintained under sedentary conditions for 39 wk. Midway through the observation period, OVX or sham (SHM) operations were performed providing HCR-SHM, HCR-OVX, LCR-SHM, and LCR-OVX groups. Glucose tolerance, energy expenditure, and SPA were measured before and 4 wk after surgery, while body composition via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and adipose tissue distribution, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and skeletal muscle phenotype, hepatic lipid content, insulin resistance via homeostatic assessment model of insulin resistance and AdipoIR, and blood lipids were assessed at death. Remarkably, HCR were protected from OVX-associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance, observed only in LCR. HCR rats were ∼30% smaller, had ∼70% greater spontaneous physical activity (SPA), consumed ∼10% more relative energy, had greater skeletal muscle proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-alpha, and ∼40% more BAT. OVX did not increase energy intake and reduced SPA to the same extent in both HCR and LCR. LCR were particularly affected by an OVX-associated reduction in resting energy expenditure and experienced a reduction in relative BAT; resting energy expenditure correlated positively with BAT across all animals ( r = 0.6; P < 0.001). In conclusion, despite reduced SPA following OVX, high intrinsic aerobic fitness protects against OVX-associated increases in adiposity and insulin resistance. The mechanism may involve preservation of resting energy expenditure.

scholarly journals Spontaneous physical activity and mediators of energy homeostasis in the hypothalamus of mice from 4 to 10 months of age

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1524-1534
Author(s):  
Izabelle Dias Benfato ◽  
Thaís Ludmilla Moretto ◽  
Francine Pereira de Carvalho ◽  
Marcela Barthichoto ◽  
Sandra Mara Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity

scholarly journals The Effects of Overfeeding on Spontaneous Physical Activity in Obesity Prone and Obesity Resistant Humans

Obesity ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2186-2193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy L. Schmidt ◽  
Kristin A. Harmon ◽  
Teresa A. Sharp ◽  
Elizabeth H. Kealey ◽  
Daniel H. Bessesen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity

scholarly journals Metabolic profile and spontaneous physical activity modulation under short-term food restriction in young rats.

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wladimir Rafael Beck ◽  
Pedro Paulo Menezes Scariot ◽  
Stefânia Santos do Carmo ◽  
Fúlvia Barros Manchado-Gobatto ◽  
Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Inhibition of ACE Additively Modulate ACE/ACE-2 Balance in Heart Failure in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Tyrankiewicz ◽  
Mariola Olkowicz ◽  
Piotr Berkowicz ◽  
Magdalena Jablonska ◽  
Ryszard T. Smolenski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Spontaneous Physical Activity

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACE-I) and physical activity favorably modulate the ACE/ACE-2 balance. However, it is not clear whether physical activity and ACE-I could synergistically modulate ACE/ACE-2 balance in the course of heart failure (HF). Here, we studied the effects of combined spontaneous physical activity and ACE-I–based treatment on angiotensin (Ang) pattern and cardiac function in a mouse model of HF (Tgαq*44). Tgαq*44 mice with advanced HF (at the age of 12 months) were running spontaneously in a running wheel (exercise training group, ExT) and/or were treated with ACE inhibitor (ACE-I, perindopril, 10 mg/kg) for 2 months. Angiotensin profile was characterized by an LC-MS/MS-based method. The cardiac performance was assessed in vivo by MRI. Ang-(1–7)/Ang II ratio in both plasma and the aorta was significantly higher in the combined treatment group than the ACE-I group or ExT alone, suggesting the additive favorable effects on ACE-2/Ang-(1–7) and ACE/Ang II axes’ balance induced by a combination of ACE-I with ExT. The basal cardiac performance did not differ among the experimental groups of Tgαq*44 mice. We demonstrated additive changes in ACE/ACE-2 balance in both plasma and the aorta by spontaneous physical activity and ACE-I treatment in Tgαq*44 mice. However, these changes did not result in an improvement of failing heart function most likely because the disease was at the end-stage. Ang-(1–7)/Ang II balance represents a valuable biochemical end point for monitoring therapeutic intervention outcome in heart failure.

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