scholarly journals Simple sugar intake and cancer incidence, cancer mortality and all-cause mortality: A cohort study from the PREDIMED trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Laguna ◽  
Marta Alegret ◽  
Montserrat Cofán ◽  
Ana Sánchez-Tainta ◽  
Andrés Díaz-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Simple Sugar

scholarly journals Adiposity change and mortality in middle-aged to older Chinese: an 8-year follow-up of the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e039239
Author(s):  
Ying Yue Huang ◽  
Chao Qiang Jiang ◽  
Lin Xu ◽  
Wei Sen Zhang ◽  
Feng Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Cvd Mortality

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of change in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) over an average of 4 years with subsequent mortality risk in middle-aged to older Chinese.DesignProspective cohort study based on the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.SettingCommunity-based sample.Participants17 773 participants (12 956 women and 4817 men) aged 50+ years.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcome measures were cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer mortality. Causes of death were obtained via record linkage, and coded according to the International Classification of Diseases (tenth revision).Results1424 deaths (53.4% women) occurred in the 17 773 participants (mean age 61.2, SD 6.8 years) during an average follow-up of 7.8 (SD=1.5) years, and 97.7% of participants did not have an intention of weight loss . Compared with participants with stable BMI, participants with BMI loss (>5%), but not gain, had a higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1.49, 95% CI 1.31 to 1.71), which was greatest in those who were underweight (HR=2.45, 95% CI 1.31 to 4.59). Similar patterns were found for WC. In contrast, for participants with a BMI of ≥27.5 kg/m2, BMI gain, versus stable BMI, was associated with 89% higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1.89, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.88), 72% higher risk of CVD mortality (HR=1.72, 95% CI 0.80 to 3.72) and 2.27-fold risk of cancer mortality (HR=2.27, 95% CI 1.26 to 4.10).ConclusionIn older people, unintentional BMI/WC loss, especially in those who were underweight was associated with higher mortality risk. However, BMI gain in those with obesity showed excess risks of all-cause and cancer mortality, but not CVD mortality. Frequent monitoring of changes in body size can be used as an early warning for timely clinical investigations and interventions and is important to inform appropriate health management in older Chinese.

scholarly journals The Japanese food score and risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiko Okada ◽  
Koshi Nakamura ◽  
Shigekazu Ukawa ◽  
Kenji Wakai ◽  
Chigusa Date ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Japanese Diet ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractFew studies have reported the association between the Japanese diet as food score and mortality. This study aimed to investigate adherence to the Japanese food score associated with all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality. A total of 58 767 (23 162 men and 34 232 women) Japanese participants aged 40–79 years, who enrolled in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study between 1988 and 1990, were included. The Japanese food score was derived from the components of seven food groups (beans and bean products, fresh fishes, vegetables, Japanese pickles, fungi, seaweeds and fruits) based on the FFQ. The total score ranged from 0 to 7, and participants were divided into five categories based on scores (0–2, 3, 4, 5 and 6–7). Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality based on sex were estimated using Cox proportional models. During the follow-up period until 2009, 11 692 participants with all-cause, 3408 with CVD and 4247 with cancer died. The multivariable HR in the 6–7 and 0–2 Japanese food score groups were 0·93 (95 % CI 0·86, 1·01) in men and 0·82 (95 % CI 0·75, 0·90) in women for all-cause mortality and 0·89 (95 % CI 0·76, 1·04) in men and 0·66 (95 % CI 0·56, 0·77) in women for CVD mortality. Our findings suggest that adherence to the Japanese food score consisting of food combinations characterised by a Japanese diet may help in preventing all-cause and CVD mortality, especially in women.

The relation between resting heart rate and cancer incidence, cancer mortality and all-cause mortality in patients with manifest vascular disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob C.M. van Kruijsdijk ◽  
Yolanda van der Graaf ◽  
Remy H.H. Bemelmans ◽  
Hendrik M. Nathoe ◽  
Petra H.M. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
All Cause Mortality

scholarly journals Association of fried food consumption with all cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: prospective cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. k5420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangbo Sun ◽  
Buyun Liu ◽  
Linda G Snetselaar ◽  
Jennifer G Robinson ◽  
Robert B Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Fried Food ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
The Us ◽  
No Consumption ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Objective To examine the prospective association of total and individual fried food consumption with all cause and cause specific mortality in women in the United States. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Women’s Health Initiative conducted in 40 clinical centers in the US. Participants 106 966 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 at study entry who were enrolled between September 1993 and 1998 in the Women’s Health Initiative and followed until February 2017. Main outcome measures All cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cancer mortality. Results 31 558 deaths occurred during 1 914 691 person years of follow-up. For total fried food consumption, when comparing at least one serving per day with no consumption, the multivariable adjusted hazard ratio was 1.08 (95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.16) for all cause mortality and 1.08 (0.96 to 1.22) for cardiovascular mortality. When comparing at least one serving per week of fried chicken with no consumption, the hazard ratio was 1.13 (1.07 to 1.19) for all cause mortality and 1.12 (1.02 to 1.23) for cardiovascular mortality. For fried fish/shellfish, the corresponding hazard ratios were 1.07 (1.03 to 1.12) for all cause mortality and 1.13 (1.04 to 1.22) for cardiovascular mortality. Total or individual fried food consumption was not generally associated with cancer mortality. Conclusions Frequent consumption of fried foods, especially fried chicken and fried fish/shellfish, was associated with a higher risk of all cause and cardiovascular mortality in women in the US.

scholarly journals Association Between Initiation, Intensity, and Cessation of Smoking and Mortality Risk in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang-lin Wang ◽  
Wen-jun Yin ◽  
Ling-yun Zhou ◽  
Ya-feng Wang ◽  
Xiao-cong Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Smoking Intensity ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Objectives: To examine the effect of smoking status, smoking intensity, duration of smoking cessation and age of smoking initiation on the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients.Design: A population-based prospective cohort study.Setting: The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in the U.S. that were linked to the National Death Index (NDI).Participants: 66,190 CVD participants ≥ 18 years of age who were interviewed between 1997 and 2013 in the NHIS linked to the NDI through December 31, 2015.Outcome Measures: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and the secondary outcome was cause-specific mortality including CVD mortality and cancer mortality.Results: During the mean follow-up of 8.1 years, we documented 22,518 deaths (including 6,473 CVD deaths and 4,050 cancer deaths). In the overall CVD population, former and current smokers had higher risk of all-cause (Former smokers: hazard ratios (HRs), 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21–1.31, P < 0.001; Current smokers: HRs, 1.96; 95%CI, 1.86–2.07, P < 0.001), CVD (Former smokers: HRs, 1.12; 95%CI, 1.05–1.21, P = 0.001; Current smokers: HRs, 1.80; 95%CI, 1.64–1.97, P < 0.001) and cancer mortality (Former smokers: HRs, 1.49; 95%CI, 1.35–1.64, P < 0.001; Current smokers: HRs, 2.78; 95%CI, 2.49–3.09, P < 0.001) than never smokers. Furthermore, similar results were observed when the study subjects were stratified according to the type of CVD. Among current smokers, the risk for cancer mortality increased as the daily number of cigarettes increased, regardless of the specific type of CVD. However, the association of the risk for all-cause and CVD mortality with smoking intensity did not present a dose-response relationship. In participants with angina pectoris or stroke, smoking intensity was inversely associated with deaths from CVD. In addition, the risk for all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality declined as years of smoking cessation increased. Finally, the relative risk of all-cause mortality was not significantly different in individuals with a younger age of smoking initiation.Conclusions: CVD patients who are smokers have an increased risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality, and the risk decreases significantly after quitting smoking. These data further provide strong evidence that supports the recommendation to quit smoking for the prevention of premature deaths among individuals with CVD.

scholarly journals The combined impact of adherence to five lifestyle factors on all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality: a prospective cohort study among Danish men and women

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina E. N. Petersen ◽  
Nina F. Johnsen ◽  
Anja Olsen ◽  
Vanna Albieri ◽  
Lise K. H. Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Combined Impact ◽  
The Impact

Individual lifestyle factors have been associated with lifestyle diseases and premature mortality by an accumulating body of evidence. The impact of a combination of lifestyle factors on mortality has been investigated in several studies, but few have applied a simple index taking national guidelines into account. The objective of the present prospective cohort study was to investigate the combined impact of adherence to five lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, waist circumference and diet) on all-cause, cancer and cardiovascular mortality based on international and national health recommendations. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % CI. During a median follow-up of 14 years, 3941 men and 2827 women died. Among men, adherence to one additional health recommendation was associated with an adjusted HR of 0·73 (95 % CI 0·71, 0·75) for all-cause mortality, 0·74 (95 % CI 0·71, 0·78) for cancer mortality and 0·70 (95 % CI 0·65, 0·75) for cardiovascular mortality. Among women, the corresponding HR was 0·72 (95 % CI 0·70, 0·75) for all-cause mortality, 0·76 (95 % CI 0·73, 0·80) for cancer mortality and 0·63 (95 % CI 0·57, 0·70) for cardiovascular mortality. In the present study, adherence to merely one additional health recommendation had a protective effect on mortality risk, indicating a huge potential in enhancing healthy lifestyle behaviours of the population.

scholarly journals Triiodothyronine levels in relation to mortality from breast cancer and all causes: a population-based prospective cohort study

2013 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Tosovic ◽  
Anne-Greth Bondeson ◽  
Lennart Bondeson ◽  
Ulla-Britt Ericsson ◽  
Jonas Manjer
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
All Cause Mortality

ObjectiveThe potential association between thyroid hormones and breast cancer has been investigated in a large number of studies without conclusive results. This study investigated triiodothyronine (T3) levels in relation to breast cancer mortality in a population with no breast cancer patients at baseline. An additional aim was to study T3levels in relation to mortality from other cancers and all-cause mortality.Design and methodsThis was a population-based prospective cohort study including 2185 women in whom T3levels were measured as part of a preventive health project, i.e. before diagnosis in women who later developed breast cancer. Mean follow-up was 24.1 years and record-linkage to The Swedish Cause-of-Death registry identified 471 women who died: 26 out of breast cancer and 182 from other cancers. Mortality was assessed using a Cox's analysis, yielding hazard ratios (HRs), with 95% confidence intervals. Analyses of T3as a continuous variable were repeated for pre- and peri/postmenopausal women separately.ResultsT3levels were positively associated with the risk of breast cancer-specific death in the age-adjusted analysis: HR for T3as a continuous variable was 2.80 (1.26–6.25). However, the crude analysis did not reach statistical significance. Breast cancer mortality was even higher in postmenopausal women: 3.73 (1.69–8.22), but stratified analyses included few events. There were no statistically significant associations between T3levels and deaths from other cancers, age-adjusted HR: 1.09 (0.72–1.65) or all-cause mortality (1.25:0.97–1.60).ConclusionsThis study, the first of its kind on prospectively measured T3levels, indicates that T3levels are positively associated with breast cancer-specific mortality and that this is not related to a general effect on all-cause mortality.

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