In situ enhancement of the surface free energy and polarity of polymers by electrocapillary rise wetting

2016 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hang Wu ◽  
Di-Lai Lu ◽  
Lin-Hai Jiang ◽  
Qing Shen
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy

Influence of Nanocomposite Surface Coating on Biofilm Formation In Situ

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4642-4648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hannig ◽  
L. Kriener ◽  
W. Hoth-Hannig ◽  
C. Becker-Willinger ◽  
H. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Dense Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Nano Composite ◽  
Nano Composite Coating

Caries and periodontitis, the most wide-spread oral diseases around the world, are caused by bacterial adherence and biofilm formation onto the natural as well as restored tooth surface. One possible way to prevent the pathogenic consequences of intraoral biofilm formation might be the modification of the tooth surface by application of an anti-adhesive coating that interferes with the bacterial attachment and subsequent bacterial accumulation. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of an experimental, low surface free energy nano-composite coating material on biofilm formation in situ. For this purpose, an organic/inorganic nano-composite coating (NANOMER®, INM, Saarbrücken, Germany) with a surface free energy of 18–20 mJ/m2 was applied to enamel as well as titanium specimens. The nano-composite coated specimens and un-coated controls were attached to removable intraoral splints and carried by volunteers over 24 h in the oral cavity. After intraoral exposure, specimens were processed for transmission electron microscopic analysis. On non-coated enamel and titanium control samples a multi-layer of adherent bacteria was found. In contrast, on nano-composite coated specimens strongly reduced biofilm formation was observed. In most areas of the surface-coated specimens only a 10–20 nm thick electron dense layer of adsorbed salivary proteins with adherent protein agglomerates of 20–80 nm diameter could be detected. In addition, detachment of the adsorbed biofilm from the nano-composite coated surfaces was evident in electron microscopic micrographs. The present investigation provides ultrastructural evidence that it is possible to cover enamel as well as titanium with a nano-composite coating revealing easy-to-clean surface properties that cause reduced biofilm formation and accelerated removal of adherent biofilms under oral conditions.

Epitaxial BaF2-CaF2 Stacks on Si(111) and Si(100)

1988 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Blunier ◽  
H. Zogg ◽  
H. Weibel
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Lattice Orientation ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
First Time ◽  
Lattice Matched

AbstractStacks of non lattice matched epitaxial CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2 layers have been grown by MBE onto Si(lll), and, for the first time, onto Si(l00). On CaF2 covered Si(lll) surfaces, BaF2 grows in a 2—d way after formation of the first monolayers despite a lattice mismatch of 14%. On Si(l00), BaF2 grows with the same (100)—lattice orientation as the underlying substrateif at least a thin (=100 Å) intermediate CaF2 layer is deposited first. Growth is 3—d on (100)—surfaces because of the large (100)—surface free energy of the group IIa—fluorides. By applying in situ short anneal cyclesat the first stages of growth, the crystallographic quality increases for (111)— as well as for (100)—orientation.

Derivation of the surface free energy of ZnO and GaN using in situ electron beam hole drilling

Nanoscale ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 634-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Ghatak ◽  
Jun-Han Huang ◽  
Chuan-Pu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Hole Drilling

In situ sol–gel synthesis of silica reinforced polybenzoxazine hybrid materials with low surface free energy

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (17) ◽  
pp. 8446 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Selvi ◽  
M. R. Vengatesan ◽  
S. Devaraju ◽  
Manmohan Kumar ◽  
M. Alagar
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

Smectic A-Smectic B interface : faceting and surface free energy measurement

1989 ◽  
Vol 50 (24) ◽  
pp. 3527-3534 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Oswald ◽  
F. Melo ◽  
C. Germain
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Energy Measurement ◽  
Smectic A

Examination of the lubricant storing and releasing ability of thermally sprayed surfaces

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
L. Fazekas ◽  
Z. S. Tiba ◽  
G. Kalácska
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Adhesion Ability ◽  
Thermally Sprayed ◽  
Proper Operation

Abstract The lubricant storing and releasing ability of the thermally sprayed surfaces plays an essential role in the proper operation of the components. In the case of porous sprayed surfaces the lubricant storing and releasing ability depends mainly on porosity and the surface energy (adhesion susceptibility). The adhesion ability can also be expressed indirectly with an index number that is by determining the surface free energy.

Molecular orientation of liquid aliphatic hydrocarbons on the surface and at the interface with water

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 3171-3186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kloubek
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Molecular Orientation ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Dispersion Component ◽  
System Water ◽  
Orientation Of Molecules

The validity of the Fowkes theory for the interaction of dispersion forces at interfaces was inspected for the system water-aliphatic hydrocarbons with 5 to 16 C atoms. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that the hydrocarbon molecules cannot lie in a parallel position or be randomly arranged on the surface but that orientation of molecules increases there the ration of CH3 to CH2 groups with respect to that in the bulk. This ratio is changed at the interface with water so that the surface free energy of the hydrocarbon, γH, rises to a higher value, γ’H, which is effective in the interaction with water molecules. Not only the orientation of molecules depends on the adjoining phase and on the temperature but also the density of hydrocarbons on the surface of the liquid phase changes. It is lower than in the bulk and at the interface with water. Moreover, the volume occupied by the CH3 group increases on the surface more than that of the CH2 group. The dispersion component of the surface free energy of water, γdW = 19.09 mJ/m2, the non-dispersion component, γnW = 53.66 mJ/m2, and the surface free energies of the CH2 and CH3 groups, γ(CH2) = 32.94 mJ/m2 and γ(CH3) = 15.87 mJ/m2, were determined at 20 °C. The dependence of these values on the temperature in the range 15-40 °C was also evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of calcination temperature on neptunium dioxide microstructure and dissolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 3869-3876
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Peruski ◽  
Brian A. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Neptunium Dioxide

Solubility of neptunium dioxide decreases as microstructure grain size increases, likely due to decreasing surface free energy and surface area.

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