scholarly journals Multipurpose simulation model for pasture-based mobile AMS and milk marketing system, Part-I: Pasture, milk yield, and milk marketing characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 106212
Author(s):  
Techane Bosona ◽  
Girma Gebresenbet
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Marketing System ◽  
System Part ◽  
Milk Marketing

An analysis of the variation between dairy-sire progeny-groups for milk yield and fat content

1958 ◽  
Vol 1958 ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Robertson ◽  
S. S. Khishin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Milk Marketing ◽  
The Relationship

The past few years have seen the development in Great Britain of the ‘contemporary comparison’ method for evaluating progeny tests of dairy sires (Macarthur, 1954; Robertson, Stewart and Ashton 1956). The final overall figure attached to a sire is the mean difference between the yield of his daughters and that of other heifers milking in the same herd in the same year, with due regard for the numbers of animals in the two groups. Although it has some imperfections in special cases, this is probably the most informative simple method of evaluating a sire for yield and, fortunately, one which could be easily integrated with the existing recording system. The method has been turned into a simple routine in the Bureau of Records of the Milk Marketing Board and several thousand bulls have now been evaluated. In this paper, we shall be mostly concerned to use this material to investigate the heritabilities of milk yield and fat content and the relationship between the two in the different breeds. The information that we shall use consists, for each bull, of the mean contemporary comparison, with its effective ‘weight’, and the average fat percentage of the daughters. Before we deal with the observed results, we should go into rather more detail into the nature of these two figures and into the factors affecting them.

scholarly journals AGRIMOD: a dynamic simulation model of the US food production system. Part I. Crop production

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Levis ◽  
E. R. Ducot ◽  
K. M. Sidenblad ◽  
I. S. Levis
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Production System ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
The Us ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
System Part ◽  
Food Production System

Decline in Milk Yield from the East to the West

1949 ◽  
Vol 1950 ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Downward Trend ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
The West ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Milk Flow ◽  
Milk Record ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Milk Marketing

It is very well known that milk records show a considerable downward trend in yield from the East to the West of England and Wales. The Bureau of Records of the Milk Marketing Board have produced some admirable maps, shaded by counties according to the average yield, and these bring out the trend very clearly ; roughly the yield declines from 730 to 630 gallons, a drop of 15 per cent. This trend in yield is not a new phenomenon. Twenty-five years ago Dr. Hammond and I found the same thing with 26 counties which by 1923 had had milk recording societies functioning for five years ; the decline was approximately from 700 to 600 gallons. We selected two societies which were at that time about at the extremes and extracted lactation figures from the milk record books of the members in an effort to probe a little deeper into the difference. I hope to refer to these two again and will only say now that Norfolk milk recorded cows gave 22.8 per cent, more milk than those of Penrith, and of this difference, 6 per cent, was due to higher yield at the start of the lactation and the rest to greater persistence of yield and to longer continued milk flow.

scholarly journals Price-Margin Movements in the Fluid Milk Industry

1976 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Robert L. Beck ◽  
Loys L. Mather
Keyword(s):  
Market Performance ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Marketing System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pricing Behavior ◽  
Milk Industry ◽  
Milk Marketing ◽  
Fluid Milk

Accelerating food prices during the past few years have focused renewed attention on the food marketing system. In particular, concern has been expressed regarding increased costs of food marketing. Producers and consumers alike tend to point an accusing finger at the marketing system for extracting an undue portion of the food dollar.As evidenced by activities of various consumer groups, the milk marketing system has not escaped this scrutiny. Recent research efforts have centered around attempts to evaluate the system's efficiency. In short, concerns are usually expressed in terms of trying to understand or evaluate pricing behavior and market performance.

β-Globulin polymorphism and economic factors in dairy cattle

1960 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Normal Distribution Curve ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Milk Marketing ◽  
Genetic Value

1. The serum β-globulin phenotype of 141 bulls located at Cattle Breeding Centres in England and Wales was determined by starch-gel electrophoresis.2. The distribution of the contemporary comparison values of these bulls with respect to β-globulin type was investigated. The great majority of the bulls were βAA, βAD, or βDD with very few βAE and βDE and no βEE types.3. The contemporary comparison values for 130 bulls of the three types βAA, βAD and βDD each fell into a normal distribution. The mean and its standard error and the standard deviation of the mean and its standard error were calculated for each of the three curves. The mean contemporary comparison value for the βAA bulls was + 12·2 ± 5·4 gal., for the βAD bulls + 26·8 ± 5·4 gal., and for the βDD bulls + 38·2 ± 5·5 gal. The βAA and βDD means were significantly different (P < 0·01).4. The pooled contemporary comparison values of the βAA, βAD and βDD bulls did not give a normal distribution curve, neither did the contemporary comparison values for a sample of 1028 bulls quoted by the Milk Marketing Board. However, when the contemporary comparison values of the βAA, βAD and βDD groups were superimposed around the same mean, the ensuing distribution was normal.5. It is concluded that the β-globulin locus is concerned in the genetic control of milk yield. The estimated mean genetic value of βD over βA is approximately + 50 gal. This is about one-sixth of the total genetic variation in milk yield in the major milk breeds.6. The distribution of butterfat percentages with respect to β-globulin phenotype in four Ayrshire and one Friesian herds was investigated. No difference between the mean first lactation butterfat percentage of the βAA, βAD, and βDD cows in each herd was found. There was an indication (not significant) that the mean butterfat percentage of the βAE and βDE cows in three of the four Ayrshire herds studied was higher than the mean of the other groups.

The Berlin Milk Marketing System

1929 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Kurt Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Marketing System ◽  
Milk Marketing

scholarly journals Regional Impacts of Federal Milk Marketing Order Policy Alternatives

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Schiek
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Class I ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Regional Impacts ◽  
Policy Alternatives ◽  
Milk Marketing ◽  
The U.S

Impacts of alternative federal milk marketing policies which result in reduced fluid (Class I) milk prices were assessed using a simulation model of the U.S. dairy industry. Results indicated that milk production, farm milk prices and producer revenues were significantly reduced in the Southern and Northeast regions of the country under some options. The regional shares of total U.S. milk production were not significantly altered from those which would exist under a continuation of the current policy.

Milk Yield Recording

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
E.J. Cant
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Recording Equipment ◽  
Milk Marketing ◽  
Limits Of Error

The Milk Marketing Board (MMB) specification for milk yield recording defines the acceptable limits of error for any recording equipment whether manual or automatic. This is that at any milking 95 per cent of the measurements must not deviate more than ± 5 per cent or 0.25 kg (whichever is the greater) from the true weight. Hence an error of ± 0.25 kg is allowable for yields below 5 kg and 5 per cent of yield for quantities greater than 5 kg.

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