Interview-based ratings of DSM-IV Axis II/DSM-5 Section II Personality Disorder symptoms in consecutively admitted insomnia patients: A comparison study with consecutively admitted psychotherapy patients matched on age and gender

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Somma ◽  
Sara Marelli ◽  
Laura E. Giarolli ◽  
Cesare Maffei ◽  
Luigi Ferini-Strambi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
And Gender

DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorder Dysfunctional Personality Traits as Predictors of Self-Reported Aggression in an Italian Sample of Consecutively Admitted, Personality-Disordered Psychotherapy Patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Somma ◽  
Robert F. Krueger ◽  
Kristian E. Markon ◽  
Valentina B. M. Alajmo ◽  
Emanuela Arlotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Physical Aggression ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Personality Disordered

In order to assess the relationships between DSM-5 Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) maladaptive personality traits and self-reports of aggression, 508 Italian adult participants who met at least one DSM-IV Axis II/DSM-5 Section II personality disorder (PD) diagnosis were administered the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ). Analysis results showed that multiple regression results, PID-5 Hostility, Callousness, and Risk Taking trait scale scores explained a large amount of variance in AQ Physical Aggression (PA) scores. Moreover, PID-5 Hostility, Callousness, and Risk Taking explained more than 20% of the variance in the AQ Physical Aggression scale scores that was left unexplained by selected continuously scored DSM-IV Axis II/ DSM-5 Section II PDs, whereas SCID-II Paranoid, Narcissistic, Borderline, and Antisocial PDs added only 4% of variance to the amount of variance in AQ Physical Aggression scores that was already explained by the PID-5 trait scale scores.

Axis II Comorbidity

2012 ◽  
pp. 218-236
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Trull ◽  
Emily M. Scheiderer ◽  
Rachel L. Tomko
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Forensic Sample

This chapter is concerned with the comorbidity (or co-occurrence) among personality disorders. In the first half, we present the results from six large studies (at least 200 participants) that used structured diagnostic interviews to establish DSM-IV-TR personality disorder diagnoses. This includes present comorbidity data from two major epidemiological studies, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions and the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Next, we focus on two large clinical investigations of personality disorder comorbidity. Finally, we present data from two special population studies, including an English/Welsh forensic sample as well as a Norwegian twin sample. In the second half of this chapter, we explore both methodological and theoretical explanations of personality disorder comorbidity. We conclude with our own perspective of comorbidity as well as an overview of the implications of the current DSM-5 proposal on comorbidity.

scholarly journals Expert Preferences for Categorical, Dimensional, and Mixed/Hybrid Approaches to Personality Disorder Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie C. Morey ◽  
Christopher J. Hopwood
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
General Preference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Training Background

The authors asked 361 personality disorder experts to rank order their preferences for a categorical, dimensional, or mixed/hybrid approach to personality disorder diagnosis in manuals such as the DSM and ICD. Respondents reported a general preference for the mixed/hybrid approach over a purely dimensional approach, and a clear preference against a categorical model. Although there were some statistically significant differences in the rates across training background, age, and gender, this overall pattern of preferences held across these factors. Preferences were notably similar to those reported by Bernstein et al. (2007) prior to the beginnings of deliberations on DSM-5 that ultimately led to a hybrid model. Results are informative for discussions regarding how to classify personality disorders in diagnostic manuals.

Comparison of Three Questionnaires to Screen for Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne van Alebeek ◽  
Paul T. van der Heijden ◽  
Christel Hessels ◽  
Melissa S.Y. Thong ◽  
Marcel van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Patient Questionnaire ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract. One of the most common personality disorders among adolescents and young adults is the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The objective of current study was to assess three questionnaires that can reliably screen for BPD in adolescents and young adults (N = 53): the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD; Zanarini et al., 2003 ), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4th edition – BPD scale (PDQ-4 BPD; Hyler, 1994 ), and the SCID-II Patient Questionnaire – BPD scale (SCID-II-PQ BPD). The nine criteria of BPD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV; APA, 1994 ) were measured with the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders – BPD scale (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, & Benjamin, 1995 ). Correlations between the questionnaires and the SCID-II were calculated. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires were tested. All instruments predicted the BPD diagnosis equally well.

scholarly journals Short-Term Persistence of DSM-IV ADHD Diagnoses: Influence of Context, Age, and Gender

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 554-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
José J. Bauermeister ◽  
Héctor R. Bird ◽  
Patrick E. Shrout ◽  
Ligia Chavez ◽  
Rafael Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
And Gender

Neurological soft signs in homicidal men with antisocial personality disorder

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Lindberg ◽  
Pekka Tani ◽  
Jan-Henry Stenberg ◽  
Björn Appelberg ◽  
Tarja Porkka-Heiskanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Neurological Soft Signs ◽  
System Defect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
And Gender

AbstractNeurological soft signs (NSS) are characterized by abnormalities in motor, sensory, and integrative functions. NSS have been regarded as a result of neurodevelopmental dysfunction, and as evidence of a central nervous system defect, resulting in considerable sociopsychological dysfunction. During the last decade there has been growing evidence of brain dysfunction in severe aggressive behavior. As a symptom, aggression overlaps a number of psychiatric disorders, but it is commonly associated with antisocial personality disorder. The aim of the present study was to examine NSS in an adult criminal population using the scale by Rossi et al. [29]. Subjects comprised 14 homicidal men with antisocial personality disorder recruited from a forensic psychiatric examination. Ten age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers as well as eight patients with schizophrenia, but no history of physical aggression, served as controls. The NSS scores of antisocial offenders were significantly increased compared with those of the healthy controls, whereas no significant differences were observed between the scores of offenders and those of patients with schizophrenia. It can be speculated that NSS indicate a nonspecific vulnerability factor in several psychiatric syndromes, which are further influenced by a variety of genetic and environmental components. One of these syndromes may be antisocial personality disorder with severe aggression.

Relating DSM-5 section III personality traits to section II personality disorder diagnoses

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Morey ◽  
K. T. Benson ◽  
A. E. Skodol
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Work Group ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Criterion A ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundThe DSM-5 Personality and Personality Disorders Work Group formulated a hybrid dimensional/categorical model that represented personality disorders as combinations of core impairments in personality functioning with specific configurations of problematic personality traits. Specific clusters of traits were selected to serve as indicators for six DSM categorical diagnoses to be retained in this system – antisocial, avoidant, borderline, narcissistic, obsessive–compulsive and schizotypal personality disorders. The goal of the current study was to describe the empirical relationships between the DSM-5 section III pathological traits and DSM-IV/DSM-5 section II personality disorder diagnoses.MethodData were obtained from a sample of 337 clinicians, each of whom rated one of his or her patients on all aspects of the DSM-IV and DSM-5 proposed alternative model. Regression models were constructed to examine trait–disorder relationships, and the incremental validity of core personality dysfunctions (i.e. criterion A features for each disorder) was examined in combination with the specified trait clusters.ResultsFindings suggested that the trait assignments specified by the Work Group tended to be substantially associated with corresponding DSM-IV concepts, and the criterion A features provided additional diagnostic information in all but one instance.ConclusionsAlthough the DSM-5 section III alternative model provided a substantially different taxonomic structure for personality disorders, the associations between this new approach and the traditional personality disorder concepts in DSM-5 section II make it possible to render traditional personality disorder concepts using alternative model traits in combination with core impairments in personality functioning.

Utility of DSM-5 section III personality traits in differentiating borderline personality disorder from comparison groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bach ◽  
M. Sellbom ◽  
S. Bo ◽  
E. Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Emotional Lability ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Matched Samples

AbstractObjectiveBorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a highly prevalent diagnosis in mental health care and includes a heterogeneous constellation of symptoms. As the field of personality disorder (PD) research moves to emphasize dimensional traits in its operationalization, it is important to determine how the alternative DSM-5 Section III personality trait dimensions differentiates such features in BPD patients versus comparison groups. To date, no study has attempted such validation.MethodThe current study examined the utility of the DSM-5 trait dimensions in differentiating patients with the categorical DSM-IV/5 diagnosis of BPD (n = 101) from systematically matched samples of other PD patients (n = 101) and healthy controls (n = 101). This was investigated using one-way ANOVA and multinomial logistic regression analyses.ResultsResults indicated that Emotional Lability, Risk Taking, and Suspiciousness uniquely differentiated BPD patients from other PD patients, whereas Emotional Lability, Depressivity, and Suspiciousness uniquely differentiated BPD patients from healthy controls.ConclusionEmotional Lability is in particular a key BPD feature of the proposed Section III model, whereas Suspiciousness also augments essential BPD features. Provided that these findings are replicated cross-culturally in forthcoming research, a more parsimonious traits operationalization of BPD features is warranted.

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