Plasticized polylactic acid/cellulose nanocomposites prepared using melt-extrusion and liquid feeding: Mechanical, thermal and optical properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Herrera ◽  
Aji P. Mathew ◽  
Kristiina Oksman
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Liquid Feeding ◽  
Cellulose Nanocomposites

Preparation and study on the optical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties of polylactic acid/ZnO/TiO2 shared nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-311
Author(s):  
Ali Tajdari ◽  
Amir Babaei ◽  
Alireza Goudarzi ◽  
Razie Partovi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Field Emission ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this research, first, ZnO nanorods were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized in terms of morphological and structural properties by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction techniques. Subsequently, polylactic acid/ZnO, polylactic acid/TiO2, and polylactic acid/ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites with different percentages of nanoparticles and two different types of ZnO morphologies were prepared and their microstructural, optical, mechanical, hydrolytic degradation, and antibacterial properties were investigated. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results of polylactic acid/ZnO and polylactic acid/TiO2 samples showed a proper dispersion and nanoparticle distribution for low percentages (up to 5 wt%) and increased aggregation for the higher percentages. Besides, a large increase in the aggregation tendency was observed for combined nanoparticles (polylactic acid/ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites). Results of the tensile test, the UV–Vis absorption tests, and the hydrolytic degradation tests of the samples showed an enhanced mechanical (approximately 55% increase in the presence of 3–5 wt% of nanoparticles) and light absorption and degradation (approximately 85% increase in the presence of 3–10 wt% of nanoparticles) for the polylactic acid by incorporating nanoparticles. It was also observed that, in addition to the quality of dispersion and distribution of nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix, the type of morphology of nanoparticles can contribute to the improvement of these properties. The cylindrical morphology of ZnO played a greater role on improving the polylactic acid mechanical properties compared to the spherical ZnO morphology (approximately 20%). On the contrary, the increased polylactic acid optical properties and degradation with ZnO spherical morphology were more pronounced (approximately 60%). Interestingly, when both ZnO and TiO2 were added, a synergistic effect in the case of UV-shielding and degradation rate and alternatively, a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties were detected. (The polylactic acid optical properties increased by about 17% and its degradation more than doubled.) Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of polylactic acid was investigated against the two Gram-positive Listeria monocytogenes and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli by incorporating nanoparticles. The results indicated that as the nanoparticle percentage increases, the antibacterial activity steadily increases.

Preparation and Optical Properties of ZnO-Cellulose Nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Shen ◽  
Na Chen ◽  
Mingliang Wang ◽  
Chunxiang Xu ◽  
Yan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Cellulose Nanocomposites

scholarly journals Polylactic acid/kenaf cellulose biocomposite filaments for melt extrusion based-3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanchom Aumnate ◽  
Niphaphun Soatthiyanon ◽  
Thidarat Makmoon ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Locally Grown

Abstract This study fabricated polylactic acid (PLA)/kenaf cellulose fiber biocomposite filaments via melt-extrusion process. Kenaf cellulose fibers (KF) were chemically extracted from locally grown kenaf plants and used as reinforcement. Moreover, the KF was then treated with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), so-called KFs, to improve the compatibility between the fibers and PLA matrix. Also, the plasticizers (polyethylene glycol) were incorporated to enhance the flowability and processability of the biocomposites. The melt viscosities of the biocomposites increased as the solid KF and KFs were loaded. However, they were significantly decreased with the addition of plasticizers. The combined use of the plasticizers and TEOS treatment improved tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation of the biocomposites compared to the neat PLA. The obtained PLA/KFs biocomposite materials are proved to be a mechanical-improved material, which offers the opportunity for customized and rapid prototyping of biocomposite products.

Preparation of polylactic acid/TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose nanocomposites for 3D printing via Pickering emulsion approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 162-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyao Li ◽  
Ye Chen ◽  
Tianxin Yu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Chaosheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Cellulose Nanocomposites

Improvement in mechanical properties of grafted polylactic acid composite fibers via hot melt extrusion

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 1792-1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gunning ◽  
Luke M. Geever ◽  
John A. Killion ◽  
John G. Lyons ◽  
Clement L. Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Hot Melt Extrusion ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Melt Extrusion ◽  
Hot Melt

scholarly journals Mechanical and Optical Properties of Polylactic Acid Films Containing Surfactant-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Orellana ◽  
Derek Wichhart ◽  
Christopher L. Kitchens
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Polymeric Matrices ◽  
Nanoscale Structure ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Modified Cellulose

The addition of surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to polymeric matrices can lead to an enhancement of the mechanical and optical properties of host polymers. The use of surfactants can provide an easy and effective way to change the CNC functionality and to evaluate the effects of surface chemistry in the reinforcement mechanisms. In this work, CNCs were solution blended with polylactic acid (PLA) and melt extruded into films. The PLA toughness increased from 1.70 MJ/m3to 2.74 MJ/m3, a 61% increase, with the addition of 1% of decylamine-modified CNCs without a decrease of the tensile strength or modulus. In this work, we investigated the use of two surfactants, decylamine and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, to enhance CNC compatibility with the hydrophobic PLA matrix. Decylamine at 1.0 wt.% with respect to CNC loading was found to significantly enhance CNC compatibility and property enhancement. The low concentration of surfactant is notable, as other works typically use significantly higher loadings for CNC incorporation and property enhancement. At high CNC concentrations, mechanical properties decreased but the aligned assembly of the CNCs provided intricate colors to the films when observed between crossed polars. The alignment and nanoscale structure of CNCs within the films play an important role in the properties obtained.

Polylactic acid/kenaf cellulose biocomposite filaments for melt extrusion based-3D printing

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanchom Aumnate ◽  
Niphaphun Soatthiyanon ◽  
Thidarat Makmoon ◽  
Pranut Potiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Extrusion
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