Mechanical behavior of the airway wall in respiratory disease

We evaluated the prevalence of significant lung abnormalities on computed tomography (CT) in patients who died from a respiratory illness other than lung cancer in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST).In this retrospective case–control study, NLST participants in the CT arm who died of respiratory illness other than lung cancer were matched for age, sex, pack-years and smoking status to a surviving control. A chest radiologist and a radiology resident blinded to the outcome independently scored baseline CT scans visually and qualitatively for the presence of emphysema, airway wall thickening and fibrotic lung disease. The prevalence of CT abnormalities was compared between cases and controls by using chi-squared tests.In total, 167 participants died from a respiratory cause other than lung cancer. The prevalence of severe emphysema, airway wall thickening and fibrotic lung disease were 28.7% versus 4.8%, 26.9% versus 13.2% and 18.6% versus 0.5% in cases and controls, respectively. Radiological findings were significantly more prevalent in deaths compared with controls (all p<0.001).CT-diagnosed severe emphysema, airway wall thickening and fibrosis were much more common in NLST participants who died from respiratory disease, and CT may provide an additional means of identifying these diseases.

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Application of TEM to Deformation, Wear, and Fracture of Ceramics

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100052377 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 472-473

Author(s):

B. J. Hockey

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

High Temperature ◽

Mechanical Behavior ◽

Brittle Materials ◽

High Temperature Strength ◽

Wide Range ◽

Corrosive Environments ◽

Further Development

Ceramics, such as Al2O3 and SiC have numerous current and potential uses in applications where high temperature strength, hardness, and wear resistance are required often in corrosive environments. These materials are, however, highly anisotropic and brittle, so that their mechanical behavior is often unpredictable. The further development of these materials will require a better understanding of the basic mechanisms controlling deformation, wear, and fracture.The purpose of this talk is to describe applications of TEM to the study of the deformation, wear, and fracture of Al2O3. Similar studies are currently being conducted on SiC and the techniques involved should be applicable to a wide range of hard, brittle materials.

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High frequency of Helicobacter pylori resistant to clarithromycin during long-term multiple antibiotic therapy for chronic respiratory disease caused by non-tuberculosis mycobacterium

Gastroenterology ◽

10.1016/s0016-5085(01)82948-6 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 120 (5) ◽

pp. A592-A593

Author(s):

F KANEKO ◽

H SUZUKI ◽

N HASEGAWA ◽

S OTANI ◽

H NAKAMIZO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

High Frequency ◽

Chronic Respiratory Disease

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GERD Tied to Worse Infant Respiratory Disease

Pediatric News ◽

10.1016/s0031-398x(12)70112-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 4-5

Author(s):

MIRIAM E. TUCKER

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Disease

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Mechanical Behavior of Materials

10.1017/cbo9780511810930 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 143

Author(s):

William F. Hosford

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Behavior

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Bedeutung der allergologischen Abklärung bei Asthma und COPD

Therapeutische Umschau ◽

10.1024/0040-5930/a000512 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 (5) ◽

pp. 267-274

Author(s):

Judith A. Schneider Spence ◽

Andreas J. Bircher ◽

Kathrin Scherer Hofmeier

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Disease ◽

Asthma Bronchiale ◽

Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease ◽

Work Up

Während eine allergologische Abklärung im Work-Up eines Asthma bronchiale inbegriffen sein sollte, wird die chronisch obstruktive Pneumopathie nicht spontan mit einer atopischen Diathese in Zusammenhang gebracht. Anamnese, Klinik, das Vorhandensein weiterer atopischer Krankheiten sowie Prickteste und die serologische Messung von spezifischen IgE-Antikörpern geben Hinweise auf eine allergische Genese einer akuten oder chronischen Lungenkrankheit. Der Stickoxidwert in der Ausatemluft (FeNO-Messung) kann durch die Infiltration von Eosinophilen in die Bronchialwand beim allergischen Phänotyp des Asthma bronchiale erhöht sein (TH2-gewichteter Phänotyp). Eine Abhängigkeit der Beschwerden vom Arbeitsplatz muss evaluiert werden. Neben dem allergischen Typ des Asthma bronchiale soll auch an eine Aspirin-exacerbated-respiratory disease (AERD) gedacht werden. Aufgrund der überlappenden pathophysiologischen Grundlagen und der Symptomatik zwischen Asthma bronchiale und der chronisch obstruktiven Pneumopathie ist die Zuweisung zum Allergologen allenfalls auch bei einem COPD-Patienten indiziert.

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