Assessing the psychological impact of COVID-19 outbreak and its related factors on Lebanese individuals with physical disabilities

Abstract Background The negative psychological impact of living in a setting of protracted conflict has been well studied, however there is a recognized need to understand the role that non-conflict related factors have on mediating exposure to trauma and signs of psychological distress. Methods We used data from the 2015 Kashmir Mental Health Survey and conducted mediation analysis to assess the extent to which daily stressors mediated the effect of traumatic experiences on poor mental health outcomes. Outcomes of interest were probable diagnosis of anxiety, depression, or PTSD; measured using the pre-validated Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL-25) and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ). Results Total effect mediated were statistically significant but the proportions of effect mediated were found to be small in practical terms. Financial stress mediated 6.8% [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 6∙0–8∙4], 6.7% [CI 6.2–7∙7] and 3.6% [CI 3∙4–4∙0] of the effect of experiencing multiple traumaticogenic events on symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD, respectively. Family stress mediated 11.3% [CI 10.3–13.8], 10.3% [CI 9.5–11.9] and 6.1% [CI 5.7–6.7] of the effect of experiencing multiple traumatogenic events on symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD, respectively. Poor physical health mediated 10.0% [CI 9.1–12∙0], 7.2% [CI 6.6–8.2] and 4.0% [CI 3.8,4.4] of the effect of experiencing more than seven traumatic events on symptoms of anxiety, depression and PTSD, respectively. Conclusion Our findings highlight that not only do we need to move beyond a trauma-focussed approach to addressing psychological distress in populations affected by protracted conflict but we must also move beyond focussing on daily stressors as explanatory mediators.

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Early Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: A National Survey

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9092976 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 2976 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos ◽

Bianca Gonzalez Martins ◽

Lucas Arrais Campos ◽

João Marôco ◽

Rayya Ahmed Saadiq ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Psychological Symptoms ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Related Factors ◽

Event Scale ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Population Demographic ◽

The Impact

Background: Isolation measures used to contain epidemics generate social interaction restrictions and impose changes in routines of the public that increase negative psychological outcomes. Anxiety and depression are the most common symptoms. Objective: To evaluate the mental health of the Brazilian population during the SARs-CoV-2 pandemic and its relationship with demographic and health characteristics. Methods: Adults from all Brazilian States participated (n = 12,196; women: 69.8%, mean age = 35.2 years). The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and the Impact of Event Scale–revised were used (online survey). Data validity and reliability were verified by confirmatory factor analysis and ordinal alpha coefficient. The probability of presenting psychological symptoms was calculated by multiple logistic regression and odds ratio (OR) (0 = without symptoms, 1 = with mild, moderate, and severe levels of symptoms). Results: High prevalence of depression (61.3%), anxiety (44.2%), stress (50.8%), and psychological impact (54.9%) due to the isolation experienced from the pandemic was found. Younger individuals (OR = 1.58–3.58), those that felt unsafe (OR = 1.75–2.92), with a previous diagnosis of mental health (OR = 1.72–2.64) and/or had general health problems before the pandemic (OR = 1.17–1.51), who noticed changes in their mental state due to the pandemic context (OR = 2.53–9.07), and excessively exposed to the news (OR = 1.19–2.18) were at increased risk of developing symptoms. Women (OR = 1.35–1.65) and those with lower economic status (OR = 1.38–2.69) were more likely to develop psychological symptoms. Lower educational levels increased the likelihood of depressive (OR = 1.03–1.34) and intrusive symptoms (OR = 1.09–1.51). Conclusions: The pandemic and related factors can have a high impact on the mental health of the population. Demographic characteristics can influence the occurrence of psychological symptoms.

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Mental Health and Psychological Impact on Students with or without Hearing Loss during the Recurrence of the COVID-19 Pandemic in China

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1421

Author(s):

Ying Yang ◽

Yanan Xiao ◽

Yulu Liu ◽

Qiong Li ◽

Changshuo Shan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Well Being ◽

Normal Hearing ◽

Related Factors ◽

Psychological Response ◽

The Impact

Background: This study compares the mental health and psychological response of students with or without hearing loss during the recurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic in Beijing, the capital of China. It explores the relevant factors affecting mental health and provides evidence-driven strategies to reduce adverse psychological impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We used the Chinese version of depression, anxiety, and stress scale 21 (DASS-21) to assess the mental health and the impact of events scale—revised (IES-R) to assess the COVID-19 psychological impact. Results: The students with hearing loss are frustrated with their disability and particularly vulnerable to stress symptoms, but they are highly endurable in mitigating this negative impact on coping with their well-being and responsibilities. They are also more resilient psychologically but less resistant mentally to the pandemic impacts than the students with normal hearing. Their mental and psychological response to the pandemic is associated with more related factors and variables than that of the students with normal hearing is. Conclusions: To safeguard the welfare of society, timely information on the pandemic, essential services for communication disorders, additional assistance and support in mental counseling should be provided to the vulnerable persons with hearing loss that are more susceptible to a public health emergency.

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The Level of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Coping Strategies in Parents with Congenital Talipes Equinovarus Children

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia ◽

10.31436/imjm.v16i1.1184 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Shukrimi Awang ◽

Ardilla Hanim Abdul Razak ◽

Nurazlina Azizi ◽

Nur Amalina Syazwani Bukhori ◽

Hanisah Mohamad Zainuddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Related Factors ◽

Congenital Talipes Equinovarus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brief Cope ◽

Talipes Equinovarus ◽

Congenital Talipes

Introduction: Having children with congenital anomalies, particularly congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) may impact the psychological wellbeing of the parents. This study is to assess the psychological impact of CTEV, the related factors, and the coping strategies used by the parents in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, Pahang. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study involving 43 parents with CTEV child was conducted from 18 July till 27 August 2016 at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan. Selfadministered Malay version of Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 items (DASS-21)1 is used to measure the psychological wellbeing of the parents and the Malay version of Brief COPE is used to measure coping strategies. Data were analysed using frequencies, percentages and Chi-square χ2 test. Results: There were 43 respondents, majority were Malay (90.7%), female (86%), and married (97.7%). Average age was 30.3 years old. 70% of the respondents were having a positional CTEV child and 30% have structural CTEV. Overall, prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among parents were very low. Only 9.3% experience depression, 11.6% experience anxiety, and only 2.3% was reported to be stress. The psychological wellbeing of the parents was not related with the parental age, gender, marital status, education level, and monthly income. The most common coping strategy used is religion, acceptance and positive reinterpretation. Conclusion: Only a few parents with structural and positional CTEV reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress and most of them use positive coping strategies such as religion, problem focused and dysfunctional focused.

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Positionality and self-reflexivity: Backyard qualitative research in Palestine

Research in Education ◽

10.1177/00345237211034888 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003452372110348

Author(s):

Yasmin Snounu

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Qualitative Research ◽

Lived Experiences ◽

Physical Disabilities ◽

Academic Discourse ◽

Collective Knowledge ◽

Related Factors ◽

Decolonizing Methodologies ◽

Israeli Occupation

Conducting qualitative, critical ethnographical research on disability in Palestine requires deep self-reflexivity, exploring positionality while claiming authorship. As a Palestinian conducting backyard research, I explored ways to conceptualize disability in light of language and macro factors related to Israeli occupation practices. While conducting interviews and observing, I learned to appreciate the advantages of being an insider and an outsider, and to be aware of the disadvantages of being both. Positionality and self-reflexivity helped me focus on my participants’ voices. Through exploring disability in Palestinian higher education, I realized I was not only the representative of the collective knowledge, but I was also reflecting on how my research was creating indigenous discourse and decolonizing methodologies that challenged being politically correct. This was especially true when using certain acceptable language and content in Western academic discourse. Positionality and reflection on my own feelings, as an outsider and an insider at the same time, were an essential part of the research, especially when participants were addressing questions on lived experiences, content, language, and concepts to use when describing macro and micro-related factors causing physical disabilities.

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Perception of musculoskeletal pain in the state of confinement: associated factors

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1518-8345.4894.3454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Carpintero-Rubio ◽

Bárbara Torres-Chica ◽

María Alexandra Guadrón-Romero ◽

Laura Visiers-Jiménez ◽

David Peña-Otero

Keyword(s):

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Electronic Devices ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

The State ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Probabilistic Sampling ◽

Sensitive Population

Objective: to describe the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the population and how the state of confinement (adopted as a measure to control contagion by COVID-19) has interfered with it, as well as identifying the sociodemographic, occupational, physical, and psychosocial factors involved. Method: an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study, with simple random probabilistic sampling, aimed at residents in Spain over 18 years old during the confinement period. An ad hoc survey was conducted, consisting in 59 items. Results: a total of 3,247 surveys were answered. Persistent musculoskeletal pain or significant episodes thereof increased 22.2% during confinement. The main location was the spine (49.5%). The related factors were decreased physical activity, increased seated position, and use of electronic devices. The psychological impact of confinement was also related to the perception of musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion: the state of confinement causes an increase in the perception of musculoskeletal pain. The identification of a particularly sensitive population profile, as well as that of the related factors, allows establishing multidisciplinary approaches in health promotion.

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Psychological Impact and Associated Factors During the Containment Stage of Covid-19 Epidemic Among College Students in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-80603/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mingyu Si ◽

Xiao-You Su ◽

Yu Jiang ◽

Wen-Jun Wang ◽

Xiao-Fen Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

College Students ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Perceived Social Support ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Psychological State ◽

Perceived Threat ◽

Related Factors ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background College students are a uniquely vulnerable group and may experience high stress levels due to COVID-19. This study aims to identify the the psychological state and related factors on Chinese college students during the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods From February 23 to March 5, 2020, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 3606 college students from seven provinces in China using standard questionnaires measuring adverse psychological outcomes and related factors including Impact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were used to determine underlying constructs of the perceived threat items. Multivariate regression was used to explore the determinants of adverse psychological impact. Results Posttraumatic stress (PTS) were prevalent in this sample of college students, and 34.22% met the cut-off for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The proportion of having mild to extremely severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were 15.70%, 13.31% and 7.10%, respectively. The impact of closed-off management on life, perceived threat and passive coping strategies were positively correlated to PTS and DASS scores, while knowledge score, perceived social support and active coping strategies were negatively correlated to DASS scores. Conclusions In summary, adverse psychological symptoms were prevalent among college students in China during the COVID-19 epidemic. Identifying vulnerable populations and formulating correspondingly psychological interventions would be beneficial to improve the mental health during the COVID-19 epidemic.

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Exploration the Quality of Life and the related factors in women with recent diagnosis of gynecological cancer, before the surgical treatment, in Greece

Health & Research Journal ◽

10.12681/healthresj.25628 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 114

Author(s):

Georgia Fasoi ◽

Maria Bourazani ◽

Dimitris Papatheodorou ◽

Eugenia Vlachou ◽

Georgia Toylia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Emotional Disorders ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Gynecologic Cancer ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

P Value ◽

Related Factors ◽

Recent Diagnosis

Introduction: In Greece, it is estimated that annually 600 new cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed, being the third most common form of cancer in women after breast cancer (22.9%) and colon cancer (9.4%).In addition to being life-threatening, such a diagnosis can also represent the psychological impact of gynecological cancers; there are negative emotional consequences of such a diagnosis for both patients and their families affecting the quality of life (QOL) of patients with gynecological cancer.Aim: To examine the quality of life (QOL) of women with recent diagnosis of gynecologic cancer (RDGC) in Greece during their illness and to identify the psychosocial problems and the symptoms faced by women in the early stages of the disease.Material and Method: A prospective study of 63 patients with RDGC before undergoing hysterectomy, who completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire.Results: The patients were between 45 and 50 years old (19.6%). Impaired physical functioning of women with RDGC was associated with strenuous activity or a long walk. Emotionally, patients showed a lack of concentration, tension, anxiety, irritation and depression. Age was negatively correlated with depression (p-value = 0.05<0.1). More than half of women had pain and few of them suffered a lot. Pain, shortness of breath (dyspnea) and fatigue caused discomfort and interference with daily living activities. More than half had sleeping disorders. Constipation and lack of appetite were common symptoms of the digestive system. Most women had no social or financial problems and rated their quality of life “very good”.Conclusions: Women with a RDGC, besides the common physical symptoms such as fatigue, pain, anorexia, sleep disorders and loss of appetite, had also emotional disorders. The feeling of depression was present in most patients. It was found that the younger the patient, the more depressed they feel.

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Practical Importance of Spatial Resolution and Analytical Sensitivity in AEM X-ray Microanalysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100135769 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 432-433

Author(s):

J. Zhang ◽

D.B. Williams ◽

J.I. Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Practical Importance ◽

Beam Current ◽

Specimen Thickness ◽

Analytical Sensitivity ◽

Related Factors ◽

X Ray ◽

Probe Size ◽

Excitation Volume ◽

Two Parameters

Analytical sensitivity and spatial resolution are important and closely related factors in x-ray microanalysis using the AEM. Analytical sensitivity is the ability to distinguish, for a given element under given conditions, between two concentrations that are nearly equal. The analytical sensitivity is directly related to the number of x-ray counts collected and, therefore, to the probe current, specimen thickness and counting time. The spatial resolution in AEM analysis is determined by the probe size and beam broadening in the specimen. A finer probe and a thinner specimen give a higher spatial resolution. However, the resulting lower beam current and smaller X-ray excitation volume degrade analytical sensitivity. A compromise must be made between high spatial resolution and an acceptable analytical sensitivity. In this paper, we show the necessity of evaluating these two parameters in order to determine the low temperature Fe-Ni phase diagram.A Phillips EM400T AEM with an EDAX/TN2000 EDS/MCA system and a VG HB501 FEG STEM with a LINK AN10 EDS/MCA system were used.

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