Arsenic accumulation and speciation in two cultivars of Pteris cretica L. and characterization of arsenate reductase PcACR2 and arsenite transporter PcACR3 genes in the hyperaccumulating cv. Albo-lineata

Abstract Background Arsenic toxicity induces a range of metabolic responses in plants, including DNA methylation. The focus of this paper was on the relationship between As-induced stress and plant senescence in the hyperaccumulator Pteris cretica var. Albo-lineata (Pc-Al). We assume difference in physiological parameters and level of DNA methylation in young and old fronds as symptoms of As toxicity. Results The As accumulation of Pc-Al fronds, grown in pots of haplic chernozem contaminated with 100 mg As kg-1 for 122 days, decreased with age. Content of As was higher in young than old fronds. The highest As content was determined in old fronds of Pc-Al grown in pots with 250 mg As kg-1. The increase with age was confirmed for determined nutrients – Cu, Mg, Mn, S and Zn. A significant elevation of analysed nutrients was showed in old fronds. Arsenic accumulation affected DNA methylation status in fronds, but content of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) decreased only in old fronds of Pc-Al (from 25% to 12%). Determined photosynthetic processes showed a decrease of fluorescence, photosynthetic rate and chlorophylls of As treatments in young and old fronds. Water potential was decreased by As in both fronds. Thinning of the sclerenchymatous inner cortex and a reduction in average tracheid metaxylem in the vascular cylinder was showed in roots of As treatment. Irrespective to fronds age, physiological parameters positively correlated with a 5mC while negatively with direct As toxicity. Opposite results were found for contents of Cu, Mg, Mn, S and Zn. Conclusions The results of this paper point to changes in the metabolism of the hyperaccumulator plant Pc-Al, upon low and high exposure to As contamination. The significant impact of As on DNA methylation was found in old fronds. Irrespective to fronds age, significant correlations were confirmed for 5mC and As toxicity. Our analysis of the very low water potential values and lignification of cell walls in roots showed that transports of assimilated metabolites and water between roots and fronds were reduced. As was showed by our results, epigenetic changes could affect studied parameters of the As hyperaccumulator Pc-Al, especially in old fronds.

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Effect of arsenic stress on 5-methylcytosine, photosynthetic parameters and nutrient content in arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris cretica (L.) var. Albo-lineata

10.21203/rs.2.13257/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Veronika Zemanová ◽

Marek Popov ◽

Daniela Pavlíková ◽

Pavel Kotrba ◽

František Hnilička ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Water Potential ◽

Methylation Status ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Arsenic Accumulation ◽

Pteris Cretica ◽

As Toxicity ◽

Hyperaccumulator Plant

Abstract Background Arsenic toxicity induces a range of metabolic responses in plants, including DNA methylation. The focus of this paper was on the relationship between As-induced stress and plant senescence in the hyperaccumulator Pteris cretica var. Albo-lineata (Pc-Al). We assume difference in physiological parameters and level of DNA methylation in young and old fronds as first symptoms of As low toxicity. Results The As accumulation of Pc-Al fronds, grown in pots of haplic chernozem contaminated with 100 mg As kg-1 for 122 days, decreased with age. Content of As was higher in young than old fronds (2800 and 2000 mg As kg-1 dry matter, respectively). Opposite trend – increase with age, was confirmed for determined nutrients – Cu, Mg, Mn, S and Zn. A significant elevation of all analysed nutrients was showed in old fronds. Arsenic accumulation affected DNA methylation status in fronds, but content of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) decreased only in old fronds of Pc-Al (from 25% to 15%). Determined photosynthetic processes showed a decrease of fluorescence, photosynthetic rate and chlorophylls of As treatment in young and old fronds. Water potential was decreased by As in both fronds. Thinning of the sclerenchymatous inner cortex and a reduction in average tracheid metaxylem in the vascular cylinder was showed in roots of As treatment. Irrespective to fronds age, physiological parameters correlated more significantly with a 5mC than with direct As toxicity. Similar trend was found for contents of Cu, Mg, Mn, S and Zn. Conclusions The results of this paper point to first changes in the metabolism of the hyperaccumulator plant Pc-Al, upon exposure to As contamination. The significant impact of As on DNA methylation was found in old fronds. Irrespective to fronds age, the most significant correlations were confirmed for 5mC, in contrast to direct As toxicity. Our analysis of the very low water potential values and lignification of cell walls in roots showed that transports of assimilated metabolites and water between roots and fronds were reduced. As was showed by our results, epigenetic changes could affect studied parameters of the As hyperaccumulator plant Pc-Al, especially in old fronds.

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Biochemical, molecular and in silico characterization of arsenate reductase from Bacillus thuringiensis KPWP1 tolerant to salt, arsenic and a wide range of pH

Archives of Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s00203-021-02660-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 204 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paromita Banerjee ◽

Ananya Chatterjee ◽

Sushmita Jha ◽

Nirbhay K. Bhadani ◽

Partha P. Datta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

In Silico ◽

Arsenate Reductase ◽

Wide Range ◽

In Silico Characterization

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Do arsenate reductase activities and oxalate exudation contribute to variations of arsenic accumulation in populations of Pteris vittata?

Journal of Soils and Sediments ◽

10.1007/s11368-018-1987-2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 3177-3185 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fuyong Wu ◽

Feifei Xu ◽

Xiaona Ma ◽

Wanqing Luo ◽

Laiqing Lou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pteris Vittata ◽

Arsenate Reductase ◽

Arsenic Accumulation

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The Glutathione/Glutaredoxin System Is Essential for Arsenate Reduction in Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.01798-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 191 (11) ◽

pp. 3534-3543 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Luis López-Maury ◽

Ana María Sánchez-Riego ◽

José Carlos Reyes ◽

Francisco J. Florencio

Keyword(s):

Biochemical Characterization ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Arsenate Reductase ◽

Arsenic Resistance ◽

Arsenate Resistance ◽

Mutant Strains ◽

Pcc 6803

ABSTRACT Arsenic resistance in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 is mediated by an operon of three genes in which arsC codes for an arsenate reductase with unique characteristics. Here we describe the identification of two additional and nearly identical genes coding for arsenate reductases in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803, which we have designed arsI1 and arsI2, and the biochemical characterization of both ArsC (arsenate reductase) and ArsI. Functional analysis of single, double, and triple mutants shows that both ArsI enzymes are active arsenate reductases but that their roles in arsenate resistance are essential only in the absence of ArsC. Based on its biochemical properties, ArsC belongs to a family that, though related to thioredoxin-dependent arsenate reductases, uses the glutathione/glutaredoxin system for reduction, whereas ArsI belongs to the previously known glutaredoxin-dependent family. We have also analyzed the role in arsenate resistance of the three glutaredoxins present in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 both in vitro and in vivo. Only the dithiolic glutaredoxins, GrxA (glutaredoxin A) and GrxB (glutaredoxin B), are able to donate electrons to both types of reductases in vitro, while GrxC (glutaredoxin C), a monothiolic glutaredoxin, is unable to donate electrons to either type. Analysis of glutaredoxin mutant strains revealed that only those lacking the grxA gene have impaired arsenic resistance.

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Characterization of arsenate transformation and identification of arsenate reductase in a green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/s1001-0742(10)60492-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 1186-1193 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Xixiang Yin ◽

Lihong Wang ◽

Guilan Duan ◽

Guoxin Sun

Keyword(s):

Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽

Green Alga ◽

Arsenate Reductase

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Characterization of Rice Germplasms for Sufficient Selenium and Low Arsenic Accumulation in Grains

International Journal of Plant and Environment ◽

10.18811/ijpen.v1i1.7112 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 31-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chandra Shekhar Nautiyal ◽

Rudra Deo Tripathi ◽

Amit Kumar ◽

Sanjay Dwivedi ◽

Reshu Chauhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Bengal ◽

Inorganic Arsenic ◽

Field Trials ◽

Contaminated Sites ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rice Grains ◽

Arsenic Accumulation ◽

Icp Ms

Arsenic (As) contamination of soil is a serious problem limiting the rice grain nutrients production. Aim of this study was to identify the low grain As and sufficient selenium (Se) accumulating cultivars which may be suitable for human consumption and cultivation in As prone areas. Field trials at As contaminated sites of West Bengal, India were conducted to assess total As, inorganic arsenic (iAs) and Se content in rice grains by using HPLC-ICP-MS. Over a period of two years, 89 rice cultivars were cultivated at three different sites in West Bengal (India) having variable soil-As level. Selenium and As content in rice grains of various cultivars revealed that the number of safe cultivars decreased with increasing soil As level and also showed negative corelation (R=-0.997 **) between grain As and Se accumulation. However, total As content showed a positive correlation (R=0.903 *) with grain iAs content, while Se content in rice grains was negatively affected by As uptake. Only ten cultivars viz., IET-4786, CN1646-5, CN1794-2, Dusmix-40, S. Sankar, IR-64, IET-19226, Nayanmoni, CN1643-3 and CN1646-2 accumulating low grain As had sufficient Se. Therefore, cultivation of these ten genotypes may reduce the risk of possible dietary human As exposure and thus may be recommended for the cultivation in As affected areas in India.

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