Agricultural groundwater with high nitrates and dissolved salts given to pregnant mice alters brain development in the offspring

2-Methoxyethanol (2-ME) and glycol esters are widely used as a solvents in the industry and plasticizers, and have becomes ubiquitous environmental pollutants. This study were designed to evaluate the malformation of brain development as an impact of 2-ME. Four groups of pregnant mice were injected to 2-ME dose 10 mmol/kg body weight at 7, 13, 15, and 17 days gestation respectively. Control group were injected with sterile water. At 18 days of gestation samples in groups 7 and 13 days gestation were sacrificed. Brain were remove and weight, morfologically and histologically were examined. Samples were divided into five groups, i.e. control group, 7th, 13rd, 15th and 17th days of gestation groups. Samples in 7th and 15th days of gestation groups killed in 18th days of gestation to observed fetal brain defect and decreased of fetal brain weight but some samples to allow delivery of fetuses. Furthermore, the fetuses killed on 0, 5, 10, and 20 days after birth, to take their brain. The result of these study showed that there are decreasing total weight of fetal brains and there are cerebral malformation as impact of 2-ME exposure.

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PENGARUH NIKOTIN TERHADAP KELAINAN TULANG DAN ORGAN INTERNAL MENCIT (Mus musculus)

Journal of Biological Researches ◽

10.23869/bphjbr.9.2.20048 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 107-113

Author(s):

Pieter Kakisina ◽

Win Darmanto ◽

Bambang Poernomo

Keyword(s):

Brain Development ◽

Personal Computer ◽

Mus Musculus ◽

Hind Limb ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Alizarin Red ◽

Skeletal Malformation ◽

Pregnant Mice ◽

The Brain ◽

Program Version

This study was designed to identify the effects of nicotine on the skeletal and internal organ abnormalities of mice prenatally. Seventy two female mice strain Balb/C were used. Pregnant mice on gestation days (GD) 8, 10, and 12 was injected intraperitoneally with 3, 6, and 12 mg/kg BW nicotine respectively. Control nice was injected by aguabidestylata. On GD 18, and all of pregnant mice were sacrificed, and a half of living fetuses were immersed in Bouin’s solution to observe their internal organs, while another half were immersed in 95 percent ethanol to observed sekeletal malformation using alizarin red S staining. Results were analyzed using SPSS program version 11 for personal computer. The results showed that nicotine caused Skeletal malformation, especially in the sternum when administered on GD 8 and 10, in doses of 3 and 6 mg/kg BW, delayed of ossification was observed in the supraoccipital and sacrocaudal bones on GD 10 and 12 and doses of 12 mg/kg BW, while in the extremitas the malformation was observed in the proximal and medial phalanx both in the fore and hind limb especially on GD 10 and 12, and doses of 6 and 12 mg/kg BW. Nicotine was effects on the brain development especially hydrocephalus was observed on GD 8 and doses 10 and 12 mg/kg BW. Another internal malformation such as ectopic renalis was observed on GD 8 and doses of 3 and 6 mg/kg BW. These finding suggested that nicotine has caused skeletal malformation, brain malformatin and ectopic renalis, when administered in mice prenatally.

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Vinblastine and doxorubicin administration to pregnant mice affects brain development and behaviour in the offspring

NeuroToxicology ◽

10.1016/j.neuro.2009.04.009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 647-657 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Kristel Van Calsteren ◽

Dieter Hartmann ◽

Leen Van Aerschot ◽

Rene Verbesselt ◽

Rieta Van Bree ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Development ◽

Pregnant Mice ◽

Doxorubicin Administration

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Cold-induced protein RBM3 orchestrates neurogenesis via modulating Yap mRNA stability in cold stress

The Journal of Cell Biology ◽

10.1083/jcb.201801143 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 217 (10) ◽

pp. 3464-3479 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Wenlong Xia ◽

Libo Su ◽

Jianwei Jiao

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Brain Development ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Rna Binding ◽

Binding Motif ◽

Embryonic Brain ◽

Pregnant Mice ◽

Important Basis ◽

The Brain ◽

Embryonic Brain Development

In mammals, a constant body temperature is an important basis for maintaining life activities. Here, we show that when pregnant mice are subjected to cold stress, the expression of RBM3, a cold-induced protein, is increased in the embryonic brain. When RBM3 is knocked down or knocked out in cold stress, embryonic brain development is more seriously affected, exhibiting abnormal neuronal differentiation. By detecting the change in mRNA expression during maternal cold stress, we demonstrate that Yap and its downstream molecules are altered at the RNA level. By analyzing RNA-binding motif of RBM3, we find that there are seven binding sites in 3′UTR region of Yap1 mRNA. Mechanistically, RBM3 binds to Yap1-3′UTR, regulates its stability, and affects the expression of YAP1. RBM3 and YAP1 overexpression can partially rescue the brain development defect caused by RBM3 knockout in cold stress. Collectively, our data demonstrate that cold temperature affects brain development, and RBM3 acts as a key protective regulator in cold stress.

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