Changes in vegetation–environment relationships over long-term natural restoration process in Middle Taihang Mountain of North China

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuping Liu ◽  
Wanjun Zhang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Xia Zhou ◽  
Zhijun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Restoration Process ◽  
Natural Restoration ◽  
Taihang Mountain

scholarly journals Changes in species diversity and above-ground biomass of shrubland over long-term natural restoration process in the Taihang Mountain in North China

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Liu ◽  
W. Zhang ◽  
Z. Liu ◽  
F. Qu ◽  
X. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Vegetation Recovery ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Restoration Process ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Natural Restoration ◽  
Taihang Mountain

In order to restore the impaired forest ecosystem in China, great efforts including the banning of the animal grazing and cutting woods for fuel, and implementation of the ‘Grain for Green’ program have been made by the central and local government of China. The objective of this research was to investigate the changes in above-ground biomass and species diversity after 22 years of vegetation recovery efforts in the lower Taihang Mountain of China. The results indicated that over the natural restoration process shrubs became the dominant species in 2008, while herbs were the dominant species back in 1986. Community coverage, height and above-ground biomass showed significant increases in 2008 compared to 1986. Shrubs showed significant increases in coverage, height, and above-ground biomass, whereas herbs significantly increased in height, but decreased in above-ground biomass. Over the 22-year natural restoration process, the species richness index and the Shannon-Wiener’s index had been significantly decreased, whereas the Simpson’s predominance index and the Pielou’s evenness index had been significantly increased. Long-term vegetation recovery efforts improved the impaired forest ecosystem in lower Taihang Mountain to some extent: significant increases in both community coverage and above-ground biomass. The significant increase in community coverage can reduce the soil loss by wind and water erosion, and increase in the above-ground biomass will improve the soil chemical properties and physical structure. A comprehensive assessment of the success of vegetation recovery should include the evaluation of the changes in ecological process such as soil biological activities in the future research.

A long-term investigation of the variation in leaf wax n-alkanes responding to climate on Dongling Mountain, north China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minrui Shi ◽  
Jiamao Han ◽  
Guoan Wang ◽  
Jia Wang ◽  
Yaowen Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Leaf Wax

Bacterial Community Structure in a Mollisol Under Long-Term Natural Restoration, Cropping, and Bare Fallow History Estimated by PCR-DGGE

Pedosphere ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Hua WANG ◽  
Jian JIN ◽  
Jun-Jie LIU ◽  
Xue-Li CHEN ◽  
Ju-Dong LIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Natural Restoration ◽  
Bare Fallow

scholarly journals Contrasting Impacts of Long-Term Application of Biofertilizers and Organic Manure on Grain Yield of Winter Wheat in North China Plain

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amara Cisse ◽  
Adnan Arshad ◽  
Xiaofen Wang ◽  
Fanta Yattara ◽  
Yuegao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The effects of long-term incorporation of organic manure and biofertilizers have been investigated on winter wheat in the North China Plain (NCP). The five-year field experiment (2013–2018) has illustrated the responses of grain yield and yield components. Seven fertilization approaches, included pig farm-yard-manure and biofertilizers amendments combined with five NPK% drop levels of chemical fertilizer ratio + organic fertilizer + biofertilizer (0, C+O+B) 25%, CL4; 50%, CL3; 75%, CL1; and 100%, CL0), without fertilizer as control (CK), in NCP during the years 2013–2018. Results showed that the grain yields of CL1 and CL2 were equivalent to CL0 in all growing seasons except 2014/2015. The grain yields of CL4 were 29.9% to 46.6% lower than that of CL0 during 2014/2015, 2016/2017, and 2017/2018. The valuable spike-number, grain number per-spike, and 1000-grain weight showed significant variations among different growing periods. Regression analysis of grain yield and yield components indicated that number grains per-spike showed significant increase in seed yield formation. The 1000-grain weight was the major parameter that influenced yield of moderate and low yielding periods, respectively. The results revealed that application of 30 m3 ha−1 pig farm-yard-manure and 20 kg ha−1 biofertilizers has reduced at least 50% of the NPK fertilization without dropping grain yields in the North China Plain.

scholarly journals Long-Term Effect of Manure and Mineral Fertilizer Application Rate on Maize Yield and Accumulated Nutrients Use Efficiencies in North China Plain

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1329
Author(s):  
Fan Fan ◽  
Hongyan Zhang ◽  
Gabriela Alandia ◽  
Laichao Luo ◽  
Zhenling Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Available N ◽  
Fertilizer Application Rate ◽  
Maize Yields

Overuse of mineral fertilizer has become common at the North China Plain. Simultaneously, more organic manure resources are available for smallholder farmers. In order to increase the use of organic manure and reduce mineral fertilizer applications, a 10-year fertilization experiment with maize took place between 2008 and 2017. We assessed the long-term effects of cattle manure (CM) application and a complete nutrient substitution with mineral fertilizer (MF) at four application levels (3, 6, 9 and 12 t ha−1 CM) on yield, macronutrients (N, P and K) use efficiencies and soil conditions. Results showed that maize yields from CM and MF treatments differed across time and were significantly different in the first year of the experiment to no significant differences with increasing experimental time. In addition, increased MF levels did not result in increased maize yields; this response was different with CM applications. The highest 10-year maize average yield was 7.7 t ha−1 obtained with 9 t ha−1 of CM. Our results also showed that at the lowest application level (3 t ha−1 CM), the partial factor productivity (PFP) and the agronomic efficiency (AE) of all macronutrients were significantly higher with MF than with CM applications. Nevertheless, these differences narrowed with increased fertilizer input levels. The MF and CM recovery efficiency (RE) of N, P and K performed differently. Generally, MF exhibited significantly higher N-RE than CM treatments. CM treatments had significantly higher P-RE, but no K-RE differences were found between CM and MF. Soil available N, P and K significantly increased when fertilizer levels raised. MF treatments exhibited similar levels of soil available N, but lower soil available P and K compared with CM treatments.

Long‐Term Earthquake Hazard in North China Estimated from a Modern Catalog

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 2340-2355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyao Xiong ◽  
Jiancang Zhuang ◽  
Shiyong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Method ◽  
North China ◽  
Voronoi Tessellation ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
B Value ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Earthquake Catalog ◽  
Function Estimation ◽  
Simulation Experiments

Abstract In this study, to obtain optimal estimates of the earthquake hazard in North China based on the modern earthquake catalog, we used two variable kernel function estimation methods, proposed by Stock and Smith, and Zhuang, the Bayesian Delaunay tessellation smoothing method by Ogata (ODTB), and a newly proposed incomplete centroidal Voronoi tessellation (ICVT) method, to calculate the total and background seismic spatial occurrence rates for the study area. The sophisticated ODTB method is more stable than the others, but is relatively expensive, in terms of computation demands, whereas Zhuang et al.’s kernel estimate and the new ICVT method are able to provide reasonable estimates and easier to implement. We also calculated the spatial variations of the b‐value, using the Bayesian method with smoothness prior proposed by Ogata. Using comparative analyses and simulation experiments, we show that all of the methods give similar spatial patterns of seismic occurrences.

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