Mechanisms of multielectron reactions at the plasma/water interface: Interfacial catalysis, RONS, nitrogen fixation, and plasma activated water

2021 ◽  
pp. 138441
Author(s):  
Alexander G. Volkov ◽  
Asya Bookal ◽  
Jewel S. Hairston ◽  
Jade Roberts ◽  
Gamaliel Taengwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Interfacial Catalysis ◽  
Plasma Activated Water

Plasma-assisted nitrogen fixation in water with various metals

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 2053-2057
Author(s):  
Pradeep Lamichhane ◽  
Ramhari Paneru ◽  
Linh N. Nguyen ◽  
Jun Sup Lim ◽  
Pradeep Bhartiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Plasma Activated Water ◽  
Additional Hydrogen

Hydrogen generated from the reduction of hydrogen ions found in plasma-generated acid not only enhances the plasma-assisted ammonia synthesis rate by providing an additional hydrogen donor but also controls the acidity of plasma-activated water.

Sampling and analysis of the air-water interface with SEM and EDS of microlayers

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1004-1005
Author(s):  
Randall W. Smith ◽  
John Dash
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Microlayer ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Air Water Interface ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Bulk Chemical

The structure of the air-water interface forms a boundary layer that involves biological ,chemical geological and physical processes in its formation. Freshwater and sea surface microlayers form at the air-water interface and include a diverse assemblage of organic matter, detritus, microorganisms, plankton and heavy metals. The sampling of microlayers and the examination of components is presently a significant area of study because of the input of anthropogenic materials and their accumulation at the air-water interface. The neustonic organisms present in this environment may be sensitive to the toxic components of these inputs. Hardy reports that over 20 different methods have been developed for sampling of microlayers, primarily for bulk chemical analysis. We report here the examination of microlayer films for the documentation of structure and composition.Baier and Gucinski reported the use of Langmuir-Blogett films obtained on germanium prisms for infrared spectroscopic analysis (IR-ATR) of components. The sampling of microlayers has been done by collecting fi1ms on glass plates and teflon drums, We found that microlayers could be collected on 11 mm glass cover slips by pulling a Langmuir-Blogett film from a surface microlayer. Comparative collections were made on methylcel1ulose filter pads. The films could be air-dried or preserved in Lugol's Iodine Several slicks or surface films were sampled in September, 1987 in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland and in August, 1988 in Sequim Bay, Washington, For glass coverslips the films were air-dried, mounted on SEM pegs, ringed with colloidal silver, and sputter coated with Au-Pd, The Langmuir-Blogett film technique maintained the structure of the microlayer intact for examination, SEM observation and EDS analysis were then used to determine organisms and relative concentrations of heavy metals, using a Link AN 10000 EDS system with an ISI SS40 SEM unit. Typical heavy microlayer films are shown in Figure 3.

Porous materials from cellulose nanocrystal and mxene surfactants at the oil/water interface

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingqing qian ◽  
Haiqiao Wang ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Hao-Bin Zhang ◽  
Jessica Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystal ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Oil Water

Chemical reactivity of organized monolayers at the air-water interface

1988 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 1041-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Loschek ◽  
Dietmar Mobius
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Water Interface ◽  
Air Water Interface

Factors controlling nitrogen fixation in temperate seagrass beds

2015 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
PLM Cook ◽  
V Evrard ◽  
RJ Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Seagrass Beds

NEW CLOVER CULTIVARS FOR WAIKATO DAIRY PASTURE: ESTABLISHMENT, PRODUCTION AND NITROGEN FIXATION DURING THE FIRST YEAR

1988 ◽  
pp. 207-211
Author(s):  
S.F. Ledgard ◽  
G.J. Brier ◽  
R.N. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
First Year ◽  
Buried Seed

Clover cultivars grown with ryegrass were compared in an establishment year under dairy cow grazing. There was no difference in total annual productton but summer production was greater with Pawera red clover and with Kopu or Pitau white clovers. Clovers differed little in the proportion of nitrogen fixed, except during summer when values were highest for Pawera. Pawera was less prone to nematode attack than white clover cultivars but was more susceptible to clover rot. Resident clovers and high buried seed levels (e.g., 11-91 kg/ha) made introduction of new clover cultivars difficult. Sown clovers established best (50-70% of total clover plants) when drilled into soil treated with dicamba and glyphosate. Keywords: white clover, red clover, nematodes. nitrogen fixation, pasture renovation

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