Co-pyrolysis of biomass and waste plastics as a thermochemical conversion technology for high-grade biofuel production: Recent progress and future directions elsewhere worldwide

AbstractOrexin peptides and their cognate receptors were discovered 14 years ago. They soon took a very central position in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Active studies have further elucidated these functions as well as the role of orexins in, for instance, appetite, metabolism, analgesia, addiction, and stress response. This review summarizes all the important fields but especially aims at focusing on novel findings and future directions.

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Solar Gasification of Biomass: A Molten Salt Pyrolysis Study

Journal of Solar Energy Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.1753577 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 126 (3) ◽

pp. 850-857 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Roman Adinberg ◽

Michael Epstein ◽

Jacob Karni

Keyword(s):

Solar Energy ◽

Molten Salt ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Thermochemical Conversion ◽

Salt Medium ◽

Feasible Option ◽

Temperature Liquid ◽

Set Up ◽

Biomass Particles ◽

Pyrolysis Of Biomass

A novel solar process and reactor for thermochemical conversion of biomass to synthesis gas is described. The concept is based on dispersion of biomass particles in a molten inorganic salt medium and, simultaneously, absorbing, storing and transferring solar energy needed to perform pyrolysis reactions in the high-temperature liquid phase. A lab-scale reactor filled with carbonates of potassium and sodium was set up to study the kinetics of fast pyrolysis and the characteristics of transient heat transfer for cellulose particles (few millimeters size) introduced into the molten salt medium. The operating conditions were reaction temperatures of 1073–1188 K and a particle peak-heating rate of 100 K/sec. The assessments performed for a commercial-scale solar reactor demonstrate that pyrolysis of biomass particles dispersed in a molten salt phase could be a feasible option for the continuous, round-the-clock production of syngas, using solar energy only.

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Effective Utilization of High-Grade Energy Through Thermochemical Conversion of Different Wastes

Pollutants from Energy Sources - Energy, Environment, and Sustainability ◽

10.1007/978-981-13-3281-4_11 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 189-251

Author(s):

A. Santhoshkumar ◽

R. Muthu Dinesh Kumar ◽

D. Babu ◽

Vinoth Thangarasu ◽

R. Anand

Keyword(s):

Thermochemical Conversion ◽

High Grade ◽

Effective Utilization

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Bioengineering Approaches to Accelerate Clinical Translation of Stem Cell Therapies Treating Osteochondral Diseases

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2020/8874742 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Meng Wang ◽

Yixuan Luo ◽

Yin Yu ◽

Fei Chen

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Recent Progress ◽

Osteochondral Defect ◽

Cell Phenotype ◽

Stem Cell Therapies ◽

Future Directions ◽

Cell Therapies ◽

Osteochondral Repair ◽

Therapeutic Properties

The osteochondral tissue is an interface between articular cartilage and bone. The diverse composition, mechanical properties, and cell phenotype in these two tissues pose a big challenge for the reconstruction of the defected interface. Due to the availability and inherent regenerative therapeutic properties, stem cells provide tremendous promise to repair osteochondral defect. This review is aimed at highlighting recent progress in utilizing bioengineering approaches to improve stem cell therapies for osteochondral diseases, which include microgel encapsulation, adhesive bioinks, and bioprinting to control the administration and distribution. We will also explore utilizing synthetic biology tools to control the differentiation fate and deliver therapeutic biomolecules to modulate the immune response. Finally, future directions and opportunities in the development of more potent and predictable stem cell therapies for osteochondral repair are discussed.

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