A chemical intercooling gas turbine cycle with chemical-looping combustion

Energy ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2131-2136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Hui Hong ◽  
Hongguang Jin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

An Innovative Gas Turbine Cycle With Methanol Fuelled Chemical-Looping Combustion

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongguang Jin ◽  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Hui Hong ◽  
Wei Han
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

In this paper, a novel gas turbine cycle integrating methanol decomposition and the chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is proposed. The system study on two methanol-fuelled power plants, the new gas turbine cycle with CLC combustion, and a chemically intercooled gas turbine cycle, has been investigated with the aid of the exergy analysis (EUD methodology). In the proposed system, methanol fuel is decomposed into syngas mainly containing H2 and CO by recovering low-temperature thermal energy from an intercooler of the air compressor. After the decomposition of methanol, the resulting product of syngas is divided into two parts: the most part reacting with Fe2O3, is sent into the CLC subsystem, and the other part is introduced into a supplement combustor to enhance the inlet temperatures of turbine to 1100–1500°C. As a result, the new methanol-fuelled gas turbine cycle with CLC had a breakthrough in performance, with at least about 10.7 percentage points higher efficiency compared to the chemically intercooled gas turbine cycle with recovery of CO2 and is environmentally superior due to the recovery of CO2. This new system can achieve 60.6% net thermal efficiency with CO2 separation. The promising results obtained here indicated that this novel gas turbine cycle with methanol-fuelled chemical looping combustion could provide a promising approach of both effective use of alternative fuel and recovering low-grade waste heat, and offer a technical probability for CLC in applying into the advanced gas turbine with high temperatures above 1300°C.

An Innovative Gas Turbine Cycle With Methanol-Fueled Chemical-Looping Combustion

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongguang Jin ◽  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Hui Hong ◽  
Wei Han
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

In this paper, a novel gas turbine cycle integrating methanol decomposition and the chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is proposed. Two types of methanol-fueled power plants, including the new gas turbine cycle with CLC combustion and a chemically intercooled gas turbine cycle, have been investigated with the aid of the T-Q diagram. In the proposed system, methanol fuel is decomposed into syngas mainly containing H2 and CO by recovering low-temperature thermal energy from an intercooler of the air compressor. After the decomposition of methanol, the resulting product of syngas is divided into two parts: the part reacting with Fe2O3 is sent into the CLC subsystem, and the other part is introduced into a supplement combustor to enhance the inlet temperatures of the gas turbine to 1100–1500°C. As a result, the new methanol-fueled gas turbine cycle with CLC had a breakthrough in thermodynamic and environmental performance. The thermal efficiency of the new system can achieve 60.6% with 70% of CO2 recovery at a gas turbine inlet temperature of 1300°C. It would be expected to be at least about 10.7 percentage points higher than that of the chemically intercooled gas turbine cycle with the same recovery of CO2 and is environmentally superior due to the recovery of CO2. The promising results obtained here indicated that this novel gas turbine cycle with methanol-fueled chemical-looping combustion could provide a promising approach of both effective use of alternative fuel and recovering low-temperature waste heat and offer a technical probability of blending a combination of the chemical-looping combustion and the advanced gas turbine for carbon capture and storage.

A Solar-Hybrid Power Plant Integrated With Ethanol Chemical-Looping Combustion

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Hong ◽  
Ying Pan ◽  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
Shuo Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine Cycle

In this paper, a new solar hybrid gas turbine cycle integrating ethanol-fueled chemical-looping combustion (CLC) has been proposed, and the system was investigated with the aid of the Energy-Utilization Diagram (EUD). Chemical-looping combustion consists of two successive reactions: first, ethanol fuel is oxidized by metal oxide (NiO) as an oxygen carrier (reduction of metal oxide); secondly, the reduced metal (Ni) is successively oxidized by combustion air (the oxidation of metal). The reduction of NiO with ethanol requires a relative low-grade thermal energy at 150–200°C. Then concentrated solar thermal energy at approximately 200–300°C can be utilized to provide the process heat for this reaction. The integration of solar thermal energy and CLC could make the exergy efficiency and the net solar-to-electric efficiency of the system more than 54% and 28% at a turbine inlet temperature (TIT) of 1288°C, respectively. At the same time, the variation in the overall thermal efficiency (η) of the system with varying key parameters was analyzed, such as Turbine Inlet Temperature, pressure ratio (π) and the temperature of reduction reactor. Additionally, preliminary experiments on ethanol-fueled chemical-looping combustion are carried out to verify the feasibility of the key process. The promising results obtained here indicate that this novel gas turbine cycle with ethanol-fueled chemical-looping combustion could provide a promising approach of both efficient use of alternative fuel and low-temperature solar thermal and offer a technical probability of combining the chemical-looping combustion with inherent CO2 capture for the alternative fuel.

Three Reactors Chemical Looping Combustion for High Efficiency Electricity Generation With CO2 Capture From Natural Gas

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Lozza ◽  
Paolo Chiesa ◽  
Matteo Romano ◽  
Paolo Savoldelli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Oxidation Reactor

Chemical-Looping Combustion (CLC) is a process where fuel oxidation is accomplished by the oxygen carried by a metal oxide, circulating across two reactors: a reduction reactor (reducing the metal oxide by oxidizing the natural gas fuel) and an oxidation reactor (re-oxidizing the metal by reacting with air, a strongly exothermic reaction). The system produces: (i) a stream of oxidation products (CO2 and H2O), ready for carbon sequestration after water separation and CO2 liquefaction; (ii) a stream of hot air (deprived of some oxygen) used as working fluid of a gas turbine cycle. Due to the moderate temperature (∼850°C) of this stream, sensibly lower than those adopted in commercial gas turbines, the combined cycle arranged around this concept suffers from poor conversion efficiency and, therefore, economics. In the present paper, the basic CLC arrangement is modified by inserting a third reactor in the loop. This reactor, by exploiting an intermediate oxidation state of the circulating metal, produces H2 used as decarbonized fuel to raise the temperature of the air coming from the oxidation reactor, up to the highest value allowed by the modern gas turbine technology (∼1350°C), thus achieving elevated efficiency and specific power output. This paper is aimed to assess the potential of power cycles based on the three reactors (CLC3) arrangement. More specifically, we will discuss the plant configuration, the process optimization and the performance prediction. Results show that the CLC3 system is very promising: the net LHV efficiency of the best configuration exceeds 51%, an outstanding figure for a natural gas power cycle producing liquid, disposal-ready CO2 and negligible NOx emissions. Commercial gas turbines can be easily adapted to operate in the specific conditions of the CLC3 arrangement which, apart from the reactors system, does not require the development of novel technologies and/or high-risk components. The paper also reports a final comparison with a rival technology based on natural gas partial oxidation, water-gas shift reaction and CO2 separation by MDEA absorption. This work has been performed within the research on the Italian Electrical System “Ricerca di Sistema”, Ministerial Decrees of January 26 – 2000, and April 17 – 2001.

Chemical Looping Combustion Using the Direct Combustion of Liquid Metal in a Gas Turbine Based Cycle

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall R. McGlashan ◽  
Peter R. N. Childs ◽  
Andrew L. Heyes
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Separation Unit

A combined cycle gas turbine generating power and hydrogen is proposed and evaluated. The cycle embodies chemical looping combustion (CLC) and uses a Na based oxygen carrier. In operation, a stoichiometric excess of liquid Na is injected directly into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine cycle, where it is burnt in compressed O2 produced in an external air separation unit (ASU). The resulting combustion chamber exit stream consists of hot Na vapour, and this is expanded in a turbine. Liquid Na2O oxide is also generated in the combustion process, but this can be separated, readily, from the Na vapour and collects in a pool at the bottom of the reactor. To regenerate liquid Na from Na2O, and hence complete the chemical loop, a reduction reactor (the reducer) is fed with three streams: the hot Na2O from the oxidiser; the Na vapour (plus some entrained wetness) exiting a Na-turbine; and a stream of solid fuel, which is assumed to be pure carbon for simplicity. The sensible heat content of the liquid Na2O and latent and sensible heat of the Na vapour provide the heat necessary to drive the endothermic reduction reaction and ensure the reducer is externally adiabatic. The exit gas from the reducer consists of almost pure CO which can be used to generate by-product H2 using the water-gas shift reaction. A mass and energy balance of the system is conducted assuming reactions reach equilibrium. The analysis allows for losses associated with turbomachinery; heat exchangers are assumed to operate with a finite approach temperature; however, pressure losses in equipment and pipework are assumed negligible — a reasonable assumption for this type of analysis that will still yield meaningful data. The analysis confirms that the combustion chamber exit temperature is limited by both first and second law considerations to a value suitable for a practical gas turbine. The analysis also shows that the overall efficiency of the cycle, under optimum conditions and taking into account the work necessary to drive the ASU, can exceed 75%.

Chemical Looping Combustion Using the Direct Combustion of Liquid Metal in a Gas Turbine Based Cycle

2010 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall R. McGlashan ◽  
Peter R. N. Childs ◽  
Andrew L. Heyes
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Separation Unit

A combined cycle gas-turbine generating power and hydrogen is proposed and evaluated. The cycle embodies chemical looping combustion (CLC) and uses a Na based oxygen carrier. In operation, a stoichiometric excess of liquid Na is injected directly into the combustion chamber of a gas-turbine cycle, where it is burnt in compressed O2 produced in an external air separation unit (ASU). The resulting combustion chamber exit stream consists of hot Na vapor and this is expanded in a turbine. Liquid Na2O oxide is also generated in the combustion process but this can be separated, readily, from the Na vapor and collects in a pool at the bottom of the reactor. To regenerate liquid Na from Na2O, and hence complete the chemical loop, a reduction reactor (the reducer) is fed with three streams: the hot Na2O from the oxidizer, the Na vapor (plus some entrained wetness) exiting a Na-turbine, and a stream of solid fuel, which is assumed to be pure carbon for simplicity. The sensible heat content of the liquid Na2O and latent and sensible heat of the Na vapor provide the heat necessary to drive the endothermic reduction reaction and ensure the reducer is externally adiabatic. The exit gas from the reducer consists of almost pure CO, which can be used to generate byproduct H2 using the water-gas shift reaction. A mass and energy balance of the system is conducted assuming reactions reach equilibrium. The analysis allows for losses associated with turbomachinery; heat exchangers are assumed to operate with a finite approach temperature. However, pressure losses in equipment and pipework are assumed negligible—a reasonable assumption for this type of analysis that will still yield meaningful data. The analysis confirms that the combustion chamber exit temperature is limited by both first and second law considerations to a value suitable for a practical gas-turbine. The analysis also shows that the overall efficiency of the cycle, under optimum conditions and taking into account the work necessary to drive the ASU, can exceed 75%.

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