Soil amendments with ZnSO4 or MnSO4 are effective at reducing Cd accumulation in rice grain: An application of the voltaic cell principle

Abstract Background Genotypic variations are seen in cadmium (Cd) tolerance and accumulation in rice plants. Cultivars that show low Cd translocation from the root into shoot can be selected to reduce Cd contamination in rice grains. This study aims to clarify the physiological regulation related to Cd absorption by rice plants for screening out the cultivars, which have relatively low Cd accumulation in grains. Eight Taiwan mega cultivars of paddy rice: japonica (TY3, TK9, TNG71, and KH145 cultivars), indica (TCS10 and TCS17 cultivars), and glutinous (TKW1 and TKW3 cultivars), which are qualified with the criteria for rice grain quality by the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan, were used for illustration. An experiment in hydroponics was conducted for the rice seedlings with a treatment of 50 μM CdCl 2 for 7 days. Results and discussion After the Cd treatment, the reductions in shoot growth were more significant than those in root growth; however, Cd absorbed in the rice plant was sequestered much more in the root. The malondialdehyde (MDA) was preferentially accumulated in rice root but the hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) was increased more significantly in the shoot; the antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), were pronounced more in rice shoot. Conclusions The rice cultivars preferentially accumulated Cd in the root rather than the shoot with the Cd treatment, which resulted in significant enhancements of MDA and growth reductions in the root. However, H 2 O 2 accumulation was toward the shoot to retard shoot growth suddenly and then the root could keep a gradual growth. Also, the rice cultivars, which preferentially accumulate Cd in the root, would have the regulation tendency of SOD toward the shoot. Due to that SOD is responsible for H 2 O 2 production, H 2 O 2 accumulation would be thus toward the shoot. Moreover, the cultivars, which have a less regulation tendency of APX toward the shoot, would present higher translocation of Cd into the shoot.

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Transcriptome analysis reveals the roles of stem nodes in cadmium transport to rice grain

10.21203/rs.2.14054/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ailing Liu ◽

Zhibo Zhou ◽

Yake Yi ◽

Guanghui Chen

Keyword(s):

Differentially Expressed Genes ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Critical Role ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Cd Stress ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Cadmium Transport ◽

Central Organ

Abstract Background: Node is the central organ of xylem to phloem transfer of nutrients and ions in plants. Cadmium (Cd)-induced crop pollution threatens food safety. Breeding cultivar with low Cd accumulation is a chance to resolve this universal problem. This study was performed to identify tissue specific genes involved in Cd accumulation in different rice stem nodes. Panicle node and the first node under panicle (node I) were sampled in two rice cultivars: Xiangwanxian No. 12 with low Cd accumulation and Yuzhenxiang with high Cd accumulation in the grains. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs. Results: Xiangwanxian No. 12 had lower Cd concentration in panicle node, node I and grain compared with Yuzhenxiang , and node Ⅰ had the highest Cd concentration in the two cultivars. RNA seq analysis identified 4,535 differentially expressed genes and 70 miRNAs between the two cultivars. Most genes ( OsIRT1 , OsNramp5, OsVIT2 , OsNRT1.5A, and OsABCC1 ) related to the “transporter activity” blocked the transport of Cd up to panicle and accumulation in grains of low Cd-accumulative cultivar. Among the genes related to “response to stimulus”, we identified OsHSP70 and OsHSFA2d/B2c in “X”, but not in “y”, were all down-regulated by Cd stimulus. The up-regulation of miRNAs ( osa-miR528 and osa-miR408 ) played a potent role in lowering Cd accumulation via down regulation of genes, such as bZIP , ERF , MYB , SnRK1 and HSPs in Xiangwanxian No. 12 cultivar. Conclusions: Both panicle node and node I of Xiangwanxian No. 12 played a key role in blocking the upward transportation of Cd, while node I played a critical role in Yuzhenxiang . Distinct expression patterns of various transporter genes such as OsNRT1.5A, OsNramp5, OsIRT1, OsVIT2 and OsABCC1 resulted in differential Cd accumulation in different nodes. Likewise, distinct expression patterns of these transporter genes are likely responsible for the low Cd accumulation in Xiangwanxian No. 12 cultivar . MiRNAs drove multiple transcription factors, such as OsbZIPs, OsERFs, OsMYBs , to play a role in stress response, which contribute to the response to Cd stress in rice.

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Influence of Soil Amendments on Mitigating Methane Emissions and Sustaining Rice Productivity in Paddy Soil Ecosystems of Bangladesh

Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources ◽

10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11574 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 179-185 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

MA Ali ◽

MG Farouque ◽

M Haque ◽

Abid Ul Kabir

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Ammonium Sulphate ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Rice Field ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Soil Amendments ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Ch4 Emission ◽

Ch4 Flux ◽

Rice Productivity

Two field experiments were conducted at two different rice ecosystems, one in the upland rice field of Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh and the another one in the low lying area of Bhaluka, Mymensingh to investigate the effects of soil amendments on mitigation of methane emissions and sustaining rice productivity. The experimental treatments were urea (250 kg ha-1), urea plus coal ash (1t ha-1), urea plus phosphogypsum (90 kg ha-1), urea plus silicate fertilizer (150 kg ha-1), ammonium sulphate 400 kg ha-1, ammonium sulphate plus silicate fertilizer (150 kg ha-1), urea (25% less than the recommended doze) plus cyanobacteria plus azolla (1t ha-1). In case of BAU upland rice field, the total seasonal CH4 emission was decreased by 12-21% and rice grain yield was increased by 4.0- 18.0% respectively, whereas 11.0-26.0% reduction in total CH4 emission and 4.5-24.0% increase in rice grain yield was recorded from the low lying rice field of Bhaluka with the application of soil amendments. Among the amendments silicate fertilization with urea and silicate in combination with ammonium sulphate reduced total CH4 flux by 18- 23% and 21-26% respectively, whereas rice grain yield was increased by 18-24% and 16-18%, respectively in both ecosystems. Although maximum reduction in total seasonal CH4 flux was recorded with silicate and sulfate of ammonia amendment in paddy soil, however soil acidity was developed which might affect soil fertility and rice productivity in the future. Therefore, silicate fertilizer could be introduced with the nitrogenous fertilizer sources, preferably with 50% urea plus 50% ammonium sulphate for reducing CH4 emissions and increasing rice productivity under both irrigated upland and lowland rice field ecosystems. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11574 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 179 - 185, 2012

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Two-year and multi-site field trials to evaluate soil amendments for controlling cadmium accumulation in rice grain

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117918 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 117918

Author(s):

Xu Fang ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Hongping Chen ◽

Iso Christl ◽

Peng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Amendments ◽

Cadmium Accumulation ◽

Field Trials ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Site Field

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Identification of quantitative trait loci for cadmium accumulation and distribution in rice (Oryza sativa)

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-2012-0106 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 227-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Yong-Feng Yan ◽

Puji Lestari ◽

Kyu-Jong Lee ◽

Moon Young Kim ◽

Suk-Ha Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distribution Ratio ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cadmium Accumulation ◽

Substantial Contribution ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Grain Distribution ◽

Cd Distribution ◽

Positive Correlations

Cadmium (Cd) poses a serious risk to human health due to its biological concentration through the food chain. To date, information on genetic and molecular mechanisms of Cd accumulation and distribution in rice remains to be elucidated. We developed an independent F7 RIL population derived from a cross between two japonica cultivars with contrasting Cd levels, ‘Suwon490’ and ‘SNU-SG1’, for QTLs identification of Cd accumulation and distribution. ‘Suwon490’ accumulated five times higher Cd in grain than ‘SNU-SG1’. Large genotypic variations in Cd accumulation (17-fold) and concentration (12-fold) in grain were found among RILs. Significant positive correlations between Cd accumulation in grain with shoot Cd accumulation and shoot to grain distribution ratio of Cd signify that both shoot Cd accumulation and shoot to grain Cd distribution regulate Cd accumulation in japonica rice grain. A total of five main effect QTLs (scc10 for shoot Cd accumulation; gcc3, gcc9, gcc11 for grain Cd accumulation; and sgr5 for shoot to grain distribution ratio) were detected in chromosomes 10, 3, 9, 11, and 5, respectively. Of these, the novel potential QTL sgr5 has the strongest effect on shoot to grain Cd distribution. In addition, two digenic epistatic interaction QTLs were identified, suggesting the substantial contribution of nonallelic genes in genetic control of these Cd-related traits.

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Effect of Soil Amendments on Cd Accumulation by Spinach from a Cd-Mineralized Soil

Journal of Environmental Quality ◽

10.2134/jeq2016.07.0251 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 707-713 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Adrian L.D. Paul ◽

Rufus L. Chaney

Keyword(s):

Soil Amendments ◽

Cd Accumulation

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Salicylic acid application alleviates Cadmium accumulation in brown rice by modulating its shoot to grain translocation in rice

10.21203/rs.2.19653/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wang Feijuan ◽

Tan Haifeng ◽

Zhang Yiting ◽

Huang Lihong ◽

Ding Yanfei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Brown Rice ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Effective Measure ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Cd Toxicity ◽

Cd Contamination ◽

Rice Leaves ◽

Cd Translocation

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) contamination has been recognized as a major threat to the agricultural system and crop production which posing serious threat to human health. Salicylic acid (SA) serves as an important signaling molecule and plays an important role in against Cd toxicity. In the previous field experiments, we found SA spraying could reduce the Cd accumulation of rice grain grown in Cd-contaminated soil. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of SA spraying on leaves of rice seedlings under Cd stress. Results showed that SA treatment could alleviate the Cd toxicity of rice not by changing the physical and chemical properties of the soil, but by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes to reduce the H 2 O 2 accumulation in rice. And the key factor of SA treatment reducing Cd accumulation in rice grain was the decreasing of Cd contents in rice leaves at the flowering stage. This indicated that SA could modulate the Cd accumulation of shoots to reduce the Cd translocation to rice grain. Furthermore, SA could increase the H 2 O 2 contents in a short-term to activate the SA-signaling pathway, and modulate the expression levels of Cd transporters ( OsLCT1 and OsLCD ) in rice leaves toraise Cd tolerance and reduce Cd accumulation in rice grain. Thus, SA spraying can be used as an effective measure to cope with Cd contamination in paddy soils.

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Aspects of cultivar variation in physiological traits related to Cd distribution in rice plants with a short-term stress

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34413/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wan-Ting Chiao ◽

Bo-Ching Chen ◽

Chien-Hui Syu ◽

Kai-Wei Juang

Keyword(s):

Shoot Growth ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Physiological Regulation ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Cd Contamination ◽

Cultivar Variation ◽

Cd Distribution ◽

Cd Translocation

Abstract Background Genotypic variations are seen in Cd tolerance and accumulation in rice plants. Cultivars that show low Cd translocation from the root into shoot can be selected to reduce Cd contamination in rice grains. This study aims to clarify the physiological regulation related to cadmium (Cd) absorption by rice plants for screening out the cultivars, which have relatively low Cd accumulation in grains. Eight Taiwan mega cultivars of paddy rice: japonica (TY3, TK9, TNG71, and KH145 cultivars), indica (TCS10 and TCS17 cultivars), and glutinous (TKW1 and TKW3 cultivars), which are qualified with the criteria for rice grain quality by the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan, were used for illustration. An experiment in hydroponics was conducted for the rice seedlings with a treatment of 50 µM CdCl2 for 7 days. Results and discussion After the Cd treatment, the reductions in shoot growth were more significant than those in root growth; however, Cd absorbed in the rice plant was sequestered much more in the root. The malondialdehyde (MDA) was preferentially accumulated in rice root but the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was increased more significantly in the shoot; the antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), were pronounced more in rice shoot. Conclusions The rice cultivars preferentially accumulated Cd in the root rather than the shoot with the Cd treatment, which resulted in significant enhancements of MDA and growth reductions in the root. However, H2O2 accumulation was toward the shoot to retard shoot growth suddenly and then the root could keep a gradual growth. Also, the rice cultivars, which preferentially accumulate Cd in the root, would have the regulation tendency of SOD toward the shoot. Due to that SOD is responsible for H2O2 production, H2O2 accumulation would be thus toward the shoot. Also, the cultivars, which have a less regulation tendency of APX toward the shoot, would present higher translocation of Cd into the shoot.

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Transcriptome analysis reveals the roles of stem nodes in cadmium transport to rice grain

10.21203/rs.2.14054/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ailing Liu ◽

Zhibo Zhou ◽

Yake Yi ◽

Guanghui Chen

Keyword(s):

Differentially Expressed Genes ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Critical Role ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rna Seq ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Cadmium Transport ◽

Upward Transport ◽

Central Organ

Abstract Background: Node is the central organ of xylem to phloem transfer of nutrients and ions in plants. Cadmium (Cd)-induced crop pollution threatens food safety. Breeding cultivar with low Cd accumulation is a chance to resolve this universal problem. This study was performed to identify tissue specific genes involved in Cd accumulation in different rice stem nodes. Panicle node and the first node under panicle (node I) were sampled in two rice cultivars: Xiangwanxian No. 12 with low Cd accumulation and Yuzhenxiang with high Cd accumulation in the grains. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and microRNAs. Results: Xiangwanxian No. 12 had lower Cd concentration in panicle node, node I and grain compared with Yuzhenxiang, and node Ⅰ had the highest Cd concentration in the two cultivars. RNA seq analysis identified 4,535 differentially expressed genes and 70 miRNAs between the two cultivars. Most genes (OsIRT1, OsNramp5, OsVIT2, OsNRT1.5A, and OsABCC1) related to the “transporter activity” play roles in blocking the upward transport of Cd in the low Cd-accumulative cultivar. Among the genes related to “response to stimulus”, we identified OsHSP70 and OsHSFA2d/B2c in Xiangwanxian No. 12, but not in Yuzhenxiang, were all down-regulated by Cd stimulus. The up-regulation of miRNAs (osa-miR528 and osa-miR408) played a potent role in lowering Cd accumulation via down regulation of genes, such as bZIP, ERF, MYB, SnRK1 and HSPs in Xiangwanxian No. 12 cultivar. Conclusions: Both panicle node and node I of Xiangwanxian No. 12 played a key role in blocking the upward transportation of Cd, while node I played a critical role in Yuzhenxiang. Distinct expression patterns of various transporter genes such as OsNRT1.5A, OsNramp5, OsIRT1, OsVIT2 and OsABCC1 resulted in differential Cd accumulation in different nodes. Likewise, distinct expression patterns of these transporter genes are likely responsible for the low Cd accumulation in Xiangwanxian No. 12 cultivar. MiRNAs drove multiple transcription factors, such as OsbZIPs, OsERFs, OsMYBs, to play a role in stress response, which contribute to the response to Cd stress in rice.

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