P.372 Neural substrates of metaphor comprehension impairments in chronic schizophrenia outpatients - an fMRI study

Background:Schizophrenia has been associated with limited abilities to interact effectively in social situations. Face perception and ability to recognise familiar faces are critical for social interaction. Patients with chronic schizophrenia are known to show impaired face recognition. Studying first-episode (FE) patients allows the exclusion of confounding effects of chronicity, medication and institutionalisation in this deficit.Objective:To determine brain (dys)functions during a face encoding and recognition paradigm in FE schizophrenia.Methods:Thirteen antipsychotic-naïve FE schizophrenia patients and 13 age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a face encoding and recognition paradigm. Behavioural responses were recorded on line.Results:Patients recognised significantly fewer of previously presented faces than the controls (p = 0.008). At the neural level, both groups activated a network of regions including the fusiform area, occipital, temporal and frontal regions. In brain activity, the two groups did not differ in any region during encoding or recognition conditions (p > 0.05, corrected or uncorrected).Conclusions:Our findings show impaired face recognition without a significant alteration of related brain activity in FE schizophrenia patients. It is possible that neural changes become more strongly evident with progression of the illness, and manifest themselves as behavioural impairments during the early course.

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P.363 Neural correlates of impaired metaphor comprehension in chronic schizophrenia outpatients – an electroencephalography effective connectivity study

European Neuropsychopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.09.381 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. S259-S260

Author(s):

P. Adamczyk ◽

M. Wyczesany ◽

M. Jáni ◽

O. Płonka ◽

A. Daren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Effective Connectivity ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Metaphor Comprehension

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Neural substrates of bilingual processing in a logographic writing system: An fMRI study in Chinese Cantonese-Mandarin bilinguals

Brain Research ◽

10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146794 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1738 ◽

pp. 146794

Author(s):

Jingwen Ma ◽

Yujia Wu ◽

Tao Sun ◽

Lei Cai ◽

Xiaoxuan Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Substrates ◽

Writing System ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Bilingual Processing

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Neuroimaging of Direction-Selective Mechanisms for Second-Order Motion

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00693.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 90 (5) ◽

pp. 3242-3254 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Shin'ya Nishida ◽

Yuka Sasaki ◽

Ikuya Murakami ◽

Takeo Watanabe ◽

Roger B. H. Tootell

Keyword(s):

Neural Substrates ◽

Neural Correlates ◽

Selective Adaptation ◽

Motion Processing ◽

Motion Adaptation ◽

Motion Stimulus ◽

Fmri Study ◽

Wide Range ◽

Contingent Response ◽

Visual Cortical

Psychophysical findings have revealed a functional segregation of processing for 1st-order motion (movement of luminance modulation) and 2nd-order motion (e.g., movement of contrast modulation). However neural correlates of this psychophysical distinction remain controversial. To test for a corresponding anatomical segregation, we conducted a new functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study to localize direction-selective cortical mechanisms for 1st- and 2nd-order motion stimuli, by measuring direction-contingent response changes induced by motion adaptation, with deliberate control of attention. The 2nd-order motion stimulus generated direction-selective adaptation in a wide range of visual cortical areas, including areas V1, V2, V3, VP, V3A, V4v, and MT+. Moreover, the pattern of activity was similar to that obtained with 1st-order motion stimuli. Contrary to expectations from psychophysics, these results suggest that in the human visual cortex, the direction of 2nd-order motion is represented as early as V1. In addition, we found no obvious anatomical segregation in the neural substrates for 1st- and 2nd-order motion processing that can be resolved using standard fMRI.

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