Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) withdrawal syndrome: First case report in Lithuania (Kaunas addiction treatment center)

Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) precursor and metabolite that naturally occurs in the human body. Initially, GHB was used as an anaesthetic agent but was later also found to have anabolic, hypnotic, antidepressant, anxiolytic as well as cholesterol lowering effects. Recently though, research into GHB has been carried out primarily in assessing its effectiveness in treating alcohol and opioid withdrawal syndrome. There are no epidemiological data about GHB consumption in Lithuania, however during last decade there were observed many fatal cases of GHB users due to GHB intoxication or withdrawal abroad. In this article we will present the clinical case and problems which face the patient of 2-year daily GHB consumption. There were observed mild to moderate abstinence state presented with its clinical course and peculiarities. Whereas using GHB is becoming more popular in Lithuania, it is very important to pay attention to this substance and problems related to its usage.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Efficiency of Cocarnit preparation in clinical course of alcohol dependence at withdrawal syndrome stage

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.454 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S395-S396

Author(s):

I. Sosin ◽

O. Goncharova ◽

Y. Chuev

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Withdrawal Syndrome ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome ◽

Clinical Score ◽

Integrated Treatment ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Scientific Attention

IntroductionRecently scientific attention of Ukrainian narcology was focused on the group of new complex pharmacological preparations with polymodal pathogenic effect option (Cocarnit, World Medicine, Great Britain).Aims and objectivesTo ground feasibility of Cocarnit application in complex treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS).MethodEleven patients with alcohol addiction were examined. An integrated research of relieving and adjuvant effects of pharmacological preparation Cocarnit in complex with traditional detoxication therapy in clinical course of alcohol dependence at AWS stage was carried out. One to 2 ampoules of Cocarnit were injected intramuscularly once per 24 hrs, № 6.MethodsClinical-psychopathological, clinical-laboratory, consulting of specialists, methods of psychological investigation (CIWA; САН; SF-36) at day 1, 7 and 14 of treatment.ResultsAWS quantification score on admission was 41. Further therapeutic regress of all AWS components was registered. At day 1 the patient's condition started improving, clinical score was 32; at day 3 – 17; day 5 – the score was 13, insignificant tremor remained. At day 7 of treatment, practically complete relieving effect of the therapy was ascertained. With САН method at day 7 of the treatment, an increase of figures in all scales was registered: state of health 2.7, activity 2.4, mood 2.5. SF-36 method: at day 1 – the score was 24, day 7 – 32, day 14 – 49.ConclusionsThus, the developed by us method of integrated treatment with inclusion of Cocarnit for withdrawal state in alcohol addicts allows to stop acute signs of pathology within 3–5 days.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Forecast of COVID-19 Cases in Nigeria: An implementation of an ARIMA model (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.21150 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sanyaolu Ameye ◽

Michael Awoleye ◽

Emmanuel Agogo ◽

Ette Etuk

Keyword(s):

Predictive Model ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Moving Average ◽

Arima Model ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Series Data ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

First Case ◽

Epidemiological Trend ◽

Data Points

BACKGROUND The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) is a global pandemic and Nigeria is not left out in being affected. Though, the disease is just over three months since first case was identified in the country, we present a predictive model to forecast the number of cases expected to be seen in the country in the next 100 days. OBJECTIVE To implement a predictive model in forecasting the near future number of positive cases expected in the country following the present trend METHODS We performed an Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model prediction on the epidemiological data obtained from Nigerian Centre for Disease Control to predict the epidemiological trend of the prevalence and incidence of COVID-2019. RESULTS There were 93 time series data points which lacked stationarity. From our ARIMA model, it is expected that the number of new cases declared per day will keep rising and towards the early September, 2020, Nigeria is expected to have well above sixty thousand confirmed cases. CONCLUSIONS We however believe that as we have more data points our model will be better fine-tuned.

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Pediatrics group issues guideline on neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome

Pharmacy Today ◽

10.1016/j.ptdy.2020.12.021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Joey Sweeney

Keyword(s):

Withdrawal Syndrome ◽

Opioid Withdrawal ◽

Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

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Clinical Pharmacology and Dosing Regimen Optimization of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome Treatments

Clinical and Translational Science ◽

10.1111/cts.12994 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fei Tang ◽

Chee M. Ng ◽

Henrietta S. Bada ◽

Markos Leggas

Keyword(s):

Clinical Pharmacology ◽

Withdrawal Syndrome ◽

Opioid Withdrawal ◽

Dosing Regimen ◽

Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

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Within-treatment changes in a novel addiction treatment program using traditional Amazonian medicine

Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/2045125320986634 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 204512532098663

Author(s):

David M. O’Shaughnessy ◽

Ilana Berlowitz ◽

Robin Rodd ◽

Zoltán Sarnyai ◽

Frances Quirk

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Addiction Treatment ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Neuropsychological Functioning ◽

Well Being ◽

Treatment Center ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Spiritual Well Being ◽

Treatment Safety ◽

Addiction Treatment Program

Aims: The therapeutic use of psychedelics is regaining scientific momentum, but similarly psychoactive ethnobotanical substances have a long history of medical (and other) uses in indigenous contexts. Here we aimed to evaluate patient outcomes in a residential addiction treatment center that employs a novel combination of Western and traditional Amazonian methods. Methods: The study was observational, with repeated measures applied throughout treatment. All tests were administered in the center, which is located in Tarapoto, Peru. Data were collected between 2014 and 2015, and the study sample consisted of 36 male inpatients who were motivated to seek treatment and who entered into treatment voluntarily. Around 58% of the sample was from South America, 28% from Europe, and the remaining 14% from North America. We primarily employed repeated measures on a psychological test battery administered throughout treatment, measuring perceived stress, craving frequency, mental illness symptoms, spiritual well-being, and physical and emotional health. Addiction severity was measured on intake, and neuropsychological performance was assessed in a subsample from intake to at least 2 months into treatment. Results: Statistically significant and clinically positive changes were found across all repeated measures. These changes appeared early in the treatment and were maintained over time. Significant improvements were also found for neuropsychological functioning. Conclusion: These results provide evidence for treatment safety in a highly novel addiction treatment setting, while also suggesting positive therapeutic effects.

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