Early Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s131-s132
Author(s):  
C. Kamuk ◽  
C. Cantio ◽  
N. Bilenberg
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Screening Study ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionMost parents to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can report concerns about their child's development within the first year of life. In spite of this, children with ASD are rarely diagnosed before the age of 3–4 years. Early identification allows early intervention, which seems to be substantial for improvement of core behavioural symptoms in children with ASD. The Child Behaviour Checklist for ages 1½ to 5 (CBCL/1½–5) have shown promising utility for early detection of children with ASD.ObjectivesThis study will estimate the positive predictive value of CBCL/1½–5 Pervasive Developmental Problems (PDP) scale in a 2 phase screening study. Furthermore, it will analyse the stability of the CBCL/1½–5 PDP-score in pre-school children from 2½ to 5 years.AimsThe present study aims to validate CBCL/1½–5 for early screening of ASD in a general population sample.MethodsParents, enrolled in the Odense Child Cohort (OCC), answered the CBCL/1½–5 when the child reached 27 months of age. Parents with children above the age of four and a raw score ≥5 (90th percentile) on the PDP scale, received the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) questionnaire. Children with a high score on the SRS were invited to a clinical examination consisting of ADOS and ADI-R. Children in OCC were re-assessed with CBCL/1½–5 again at age five years.ResultsResults will be presented at the EPA conference 2017 in Florence.ConclusionsThe results may contribute to enhance the outcome of treatment by detecting children with ASD at an earlier age.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Influence of Language Context on Repetitive Speech Use in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Gladfelter ◽  
Cassidy VanZuiden
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Receptive Vocabulary ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Language Context

Purpose Although repetitive speech is a hallmark characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the contributing factors that influence repetitive speech use remain unknown. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine if the language context impacts the amount and type of repetitive speech produced by children with ASD. Method As part of a broader word-learning study, 11 school-age children with ASD participated in two different language contexts: storytelling and play. Previously collected language samples were transcribed and coded for four types of repetitive speech: immediate echolalia, delayed echolalia, verbal stereotypy, and vocal stereotypy. The rates and proportions of repetitive speech were compared across the two language contexts using Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests. Individual characteristics were further explored using Spearman correlations. Results The children produced lower rates of repetitive speech during the storytelling context than the play-based context. Only immediate echolalia differed between the two contexts based on rate and approached significance based on proportion, with more immediate echolalia produced in the play-based context than in the storytelling context. There were no significant correlations between repetitive speech and measures of social responsiveness, expressive or receptive vocabulary, or nonverbal intelligence. Conclusions The children with ASD produced less immediate echolalia in the storytelling context than in the play-based context. Immediate echolalia use was not related to social skills, vocabulary, or nonverbal IQ scores. These findings offer valuable insights into better understanding repetitive speech use in children with ASD.

scholarly journals Early screening of autism spectrum disorder using cry features

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aida Khozaei ◽  
Hadi Moradi ◽  
Reshad Hosseini ◽  
Hamidreza Pouretemad ◽  
Bahareh Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Classification Approach ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractDue to the importance of automatic and early autism screening, in this paper, a cry-based screening approach for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is introduced. During the study, we realized that the ASD specific features are not necessarily observable among all children with ASD and among all instances of each child. Therefore, we proposed a new classification approach to be able to find such features and their corresponding instances. We tested the proposed approach and found two features that can be used to distinguish groups of children with ASD from Typically Developing (TD) children. In other words, these features are present in subsets of children with ASD not all of them. The approach has been tested on a dataset including 14 boys and 7 girls with ASD and 14 TD boys and 7 TD girls, between 18 to 53 months old. The sensitivity, specificity, and precision of the proposed approach for boys were 85.71%, 100%, and 92.85%, respectively. These measures were 71.42%, 100%, and 85.71% for girls, respectively.

Differential Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Versus Language Disorder in Children Ages 2 to 5 Years: Contributions of Parent-Reported Development and Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1232-1238
Author(s):  
Annette E. Richard ◽  
Elise K. Hodges ◽  
Martha D. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
And Behavior

Early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has focused on differentiating children with ASD from neurotypical children. However, many children presenting with concern for ASD are ultimately diagnosed with language disorder (LD). This study aimed to identify differences in parent-rated development and behavior among children ages 2 to 5 years presenting with concern for ASD who were diagnosed with either ASD or LD. Children with ASD were rated as more socially withdrawn and more delayed in social development and self-help skills than those with LD. Parent-rated developmental delays were positively correlated with scores on an autism screening measure and with social withdrawal and pervasive developmental problems among children with ASD. Among those with LD, parent-rated social and self-help development were positively correlated with social withdrawal and attention problems. Thus, parent ratings of social withdrawal and development of social and self-help skills may facilitate differential diagnosis of ASD and LD in children ages 2 to 5 years.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Social Motivation in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Their Parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Uljarević ◽  
Thomas W. Frazier ◽  
Booil Jo ◽  
Jennifer M. Phillips ◽  
Wesley Billingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Simons Simplex Collection ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multiplex Families

Impairment in social motivation (SM) has been suggested as a key mechanism underlying social communication deficits observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the factors accounting for variability in SM remain poorly described and understood. The current study aimed to characterize the relationship between parental and proband SM. Data from 2,759 children with ASD (Mage = 9.03 years, SDage = 3.57, 375 females) and their parents from the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) project was included in this study. Parental and proband SM was assessed using previously identified item sets from the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Children who had parents with low SM scores (less impairments) showed significantly lower impairments in SM compared to children who had either one or both parents with elevated SM scores. No parent-of-origin effect was identified. No significant interactions were found involving proband sex or intellectual disability (ID) status (presence/absence of ID) with paternal or maternal SM. This study establishes that low SM in children with ASD may be driven, in part, by lower SM in one or both parents. Future investigations should utilize larger family pedigrees, including simplex and multiplex families, evaluate other measures of SM, and include other related, yet distinct constructs, such as social inhibition and anhedonia. This will help to gain finer-grained insights into the factors and mechanisms accounting for individual differences in sociability among typically developing children as well as those with, or at risk, for developing ASD.

Social Communication Symptoms in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Predicting Comorbid Anxiety Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 942-953
Author(s):  
Patricia D. Cleinmark ◽  
Ashley N. M. Freeman ◽  
Elizabeth L. W. McKenney ◽  
LeAnna Kehl ◽  
Stephen D. A. Hupp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
Symptom Presentation ◽  
Comorbid Anxiety ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Relatively few measures have been examined for their psychometric properties when assessing anxiety among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the relationship between ASD and anxiety symptoms remains poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between ASD symptoms on the Social Responsiveness Scale ( SRS) and comorbid clinical anxiety. In a sample of 2,435 participants, parents of children with ASD and comorbid anxiety endorsed more frequent or severe ASD symptoms than parents of children without comorbid anxiety. Severity of ASD symptoms was a significant predictor of anxiety status and approached clinical significance. Implications for measurement of anxiety among children with ASD are discussed, including that areas of symptom presentation should be carefully evaluated, and that the onset or worsening of anxiety may affect ASD symptom presentation.

scholarly journals The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) in school-age children with Down syndrome at low risk for autism spectrum disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239694152096240
Author(s):  
Marie Moore Channell
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Responsiveness Scale ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Responsiveness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Samples

Background and aims Little is known about how autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms present in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Some behaviors may be symptomatic of comorbid ASD or more broadly representative of the DS phenotype. A prior research study documented elevated ASD-like symptoms in adolescents and young adults with DS without comorbid ASD, using a common ASD risk screening tool—the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). The current study applied a similar approach to younger children with DS using the SRS-2. The primary aim was to document patterns of ASD-like symptoms in children with DS at low risk of comorbid ASD to distinguish the symptoms that may be present across DS in general. Methods SRS-2 standard scores were analyzed in a sample of 40 children with DS, 6–11 years old, who were considered to be at low risk for ASD based on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) screener. Other developmental characteristics (i.e., age, nonverbal IQ, expressive language), social skills, and problem behaviors were also examined across the sample. Results SRS-2 scores were significantly elevated in this sample compared to the normative population sample. A pattern of ASD-like symptomatology was observed across SRS-2 subdomains. These findings were similar to the findings of the prior study. However, nuanced differences were observed across the two samples that may represent developmental differences across different ages in this population. Conclusions Replicating and extending a prior study's findings, certain ASD-like behaviors may occur in individuals with DS who are at low risk for comorbid ASD. Implications: Understanding the pattern of ASD-like behaviors that occur in children with DS who are at low risk for comorbid ASD will help clinicians in screening and identification efforts. In particular, it will lead to better specification of the behaviors or symptoms that are not characteristic of the DS phenotype and thus are red flags for comorbid ASD in this population.

scholarly journals Features of parent-child interaction and behavioral problems among children with autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-178
Author(s):  
Natalia Pleshkova ◽  
◽  
Oksana Tatarenko ◽  
Denis Sevryugin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Children With Asd

The article presents the results of a study of behavioral features of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in connection to the characteristics of psychological interaction of children and their mothers. It previously has been found that children with ASD demonstrate more communicative and social activity, have less pronounced symptoms of autism, if their parents show a high level of sensitivity to the needs of children and are emotionally involved in interaction with them. The study’s participants consisted of 29 children with ASD (average age: 52,4 ± 8,9 months) who were diagnosed by a psychiatrist during examination in the Stavropol Clinical Psychiatric Hospital no. 1. The comparison group included 36 typically developing children (average age: 39,7 ± 12,1 months). The PCERA method, with a video recording of mother — child interactions, was used for assessing qualities of interaction in children with ASD. Behavioral difficulties were evaluated using the CBCL/1.5-5 questionnaire. The results of the study suggest that low sensitivity to child’s cues, high intrusiveness and negative affect in mothers, and low level of reciprocity and enjoyment in the dyadic relationship are linked to borderline/clinical levels on several DSM-oriented scales (“Affective Disorders”, “Pervasive Developmental Problems”, “Oppositional Defiant Problems”) and syndrome scales (“Emotionally Reactive”, “Anxious/Depressed”, “Aggressive Behavior”) in children with ASD.

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