Comment on: HDL cholesterol levels are an important factor for determining the lifespan of erythrocytes. Exp Hematol 2005; 33(11):1309–1319

Background: The findings of trials investigating the effects of L-carnitine administration on serum lipids are inconsistent. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to summarize the effects of L-carnitine intake on serum lipids in patients and healthy individuals. Methods: Two authors independently searched electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed and Google Scholar from 1990 until August 1, 2019, in order to find relevant RCTs. The quality of selected RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool. Cochrane’s Q test and I-square (I2) statistic were used to determine the heterogeneity across included trials. Weight mean difference (SMD) and 95% CI between the two intervention groups were used to determine pooled effect sizes. Subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate the source of heterogeneity based on suspected variables such as, participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location between primary RCTs. Results: Out of 3460 potential papers selected based on keywords search, 67 studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that L-carnitine administration led to a significant decrease in triglycerides (WMD: -10.35; 95% CI: -16.43, -4.27), total cholesterol (WMD: -9.47; 95% CI: - 13.23, -5.70) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (WMD: -6.25; 95% CI: -9.30, -3.21), and a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (WMD: 1.39; 95% CI: 0.21, 2.57). L-carnitine supplementation did not influence VLDL-cholesterol concentrations. When we stratified studies for the predefined factors such as dosage, and age, no significant effects of the intervention on triglycerides, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels were found. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated that L-carnitine administration significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and significantly increased HDL-cholesterol levels in the pooled analyses, but did not affect VLDL-cholesterol levels; however, these findings were not confirmed in our subgroup analyses by participant’s health conditions, age, dosage of L-carnitine, duration of study, sample size, and study location.

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Ser447stopMutation in Lipoprotein Lipase Is Associated With Elevated HDL Cholesterol Levels in Normolipidemic Males

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/01.atv.17.3.595 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 595-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Jan Albert Kuivenhoven ◽

Björn E. Groenemeyer ◽

Jolanda M. A. Boer ◽

Paul W. A. Reymer ◽

Riteke Berghuis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipoprotein Lipase ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Levels

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Passive Cigarette Smoking and Reduced HDL Cholesterol Levels in Children With High-Risk Lipid Profiles

Circulation ◽

10.1161/01.cir.96.5.1403 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 96 (5) ◽

pp. 1403-1407 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Ellis J. Neufeld ◽

Michele Mietus-Snyder ◽

Alexa S. Beiser ◽

Annette L. Baker ◽

Jane W. Newburger

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Cholesterol Levels

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Genetic analysis of a polymorphism in the human apolipoprotein A-I gene promoter: effect on plasma HDL-cholesterol levels.

The Journal of Lipid Research ◽

10.1016/s0022-2275(20)39972-7 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 35 (7) ◽

pp. 1292-1296

Author(s):

D E Barre ◽

R Guerra ◽

R Verstraete ◽

Z Wang ◽

S M Grundy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Gene Promoter ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Human Apolipoprotein ◽

Promoter Effect ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Apolipoprotein A ◽

I Gene

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Evaluation of remnant cholesterol levels and monocyte-to-hdl-cholesterol ratio in south asian patients with acute coronary syndrome

Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.numecd.2021.04.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vincenzo Sucato ◽

Giuseppe Coppola ◽

Gabriella Testa ◽

Francesco Amata ◽

Marco Martello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

South Asian ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Asian Patients ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Remnant Cholesterol

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Low levels of soluble TWEAK, indicating on-going inflammation, were associated with depression in type 1 diabetes: a cross-sectional study

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-02977-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eva O. Melin ◽

Jonatan Dereke ◽

Magnus Hillman

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Galectin 3 ◽

Low Levels

Abstract Background Low levels of the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and depression are linked to cardiovascular disease. Galectin-3, inadequate glycemic control and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels were previously linked to depression in these patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The main aim was to explore whether sTWEAK was associated with depression. A secondary aim was to explore diabetes related variables associated with low sTWEAK. Methods Cross-sectional design. T1DM patients (n = 283, men 56%, age18–59 years) were consecutively recruited from one specialist diabetes clinic. Depression was defined as Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression sub scale ≥8 points. Blood samples, anthropometrics and blood pressure were collected, supplemented with data from electronic health records. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure sTWEAK and galectin-3. Low sTWEAK was defined as < 7.2 ng/ml and high galectin-3 as ≥2.6 ng/ml. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed, calibrated and validated for goodness of fit. We adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, galectin-3, metabolic variables, serum-creatinine, smoking, physical inactivity, medication, and cardiovascular complications. Results For 29 depressed versus 254 non-depressed patients the prevalence rates were for low sTWEAK: 93 and 68% (p = 0.003) and for high galectin-3: 34 and 13% (p = 0.005) respectively. HDL-cholesterol levels were lower for the depressed (p = 0.015). Patients with low sTWEAK versus high sTWEAK had lower usage of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) (6% versus 17%, p = 0.005). Low sTWEAK (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 9.0, p = 0.006), high galectin-3 (AOR 6.3, p = 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (per mmol/l) (AOR 0.1, p = 0.006), use of antidepressants (AOR 8.4, p < 0.001), and age (per year) (AOR 1.05, p = 0.027) were associated with depression. CSII (AOR 0.3, p = 0.003) and depression (AOR 7.1, p = 0.009) were associated with low sTWEAK. Conclusions Lower levels of sTWEAK and HDL-cholesterol and higher levels of galectin-3 were independently associated with depression in T1DM. These factors might all contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality previously demonstrated in patients with depression. CSII (inversely) and depression were independently associated with low sTWEAK levels.

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Tiapamil: favourably influences HDL-cholesterol levels in hypertensive patients

InPharma ◽

10.1007/bf03320264 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 689 (1) ◽

pp. 5-5

Keyword(s):

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Cholesterol Levels

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Mo-P6:396 Novel DNA sequence variations in endothelial lipase gene in subjects with high HDL-cholesterol levels

Atherosclerosis Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1567-5688(06)80526-x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

A. Cenarro ◽

F. Ghisoni ◽

P. Martín-Fuentes ◽

D. Recalde ◽

A.L. García-Otín ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequence ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Endothelial Lipase ◽

Lipase Gene ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Sequence Variations

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Anthropometry, Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism in the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey: Linkage of Candidate Genes Using Two Sib-Pair Based Variance Components Analyses

Twin Research and Human Genetics ◽

10.1375/twin.11.5.505 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 505-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nicole Y. Souren ◽

Maurice P. Zeegers ◽

Rob G. J. H. Janssen ◽

Anja Steyls ◽

Marij Gielen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Variance Components ◽

Single Point ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Suggestive Linkage ◽

Phenotypic Data ◽

Linkage Analyses ◽

Cholesterol Levels

AbstractInsulin resistance and obesity are underlying causes of type 2 diabetes and therefore much interest is focused on the potential genes involved. A series of anthropometric and metabolic characteristic were measured in 240 MZ and 112 DZ twin pairs recruited from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey. Microsatellite markers located close to ABCC8, ADIPOQ, GCK, IGF1, IGFBP1, INSR, LEP, LEPR, PPARγ and the RETN gene were genotyped. Univariate single point variance components linkage analyses were performed using two methods: (1) the standard method, only comprising the phenotypic and genotypic data of the DZ twin pairs and (2) the extended method, also incorporating the phenotypic data of the MZ twin pairs. Suggestive linkages (LOD > 1) were observed between the ABCC8 marker and waist-to-hip ratio and HDL-cholesterol levels. Both markers flanking ADIPOQ showed suggestive linkage with triglycerides levels, the upstream marker also with body mass and HDL-cholesterol levels. The IGFBP1 marker showed suggestive linkage with fat mass, fasting insulin and leptin levels and the LEP marker showed suggestive linkage with birth weight. This study suggests that DNA variants in ABCC8, ADIPOQ, IGFBP1 and LEP gene region may predispose to type 2 diabetes. In addition, the two methods used to perform linkage analyses yielded similar results. This was however not the case for birth weight where chorionicity seems to be an important confounder.

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