Schwann cell behavior in three-dimensional collagen gels: Evidence for differential mechano-transduction and the influence of TGF-beta 1 in morphological polarization and differentiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.I. Rosner ◽  
T. Hang ◽  
R.T. Tranquillo
Keyword(s):  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Collagen Gels

scholarly journals TGF-beta 1 influences the relative development of the exocrine and endocrine pancreas in vitro

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 3451-3462 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sanvito ◽  
P.L. Herrera ◽  
J. Huarte ◽  
A. Nichols ◽  
R. Montesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Tgf Beta ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Fold Family ◽  
Acinar Tissue

Pancreatic rudiments from E12.5 mouse embryos undergo extensive development and differentiation when cultured in three-dimensional gels of extracellular matrix proteins for up to 12 days. Whereas collagen gels promote the formation of numerous exocrine acini and relatively small clusters of endocrine cells, in basement membrane (EHS) matrices the development of endocrine cells is dramatically favoured over that of acinar tissue. Buds embedded in a collagen gel contiguous to an EHS gel also fail to develop acini, suggesting the involvement of diffusible factor(s). Addition of cytokines to cultures of pancreatic buds in collagen gels modifies the relative proportions of the epithelial components of the gland. In the presence of EGF the proportion of the tissue occupied by ducts overrides that of acinar structures, whereas the endocrine portion of the tissue is not significantly modified. TGF-beta 1 partially mimicks the effect of EHS matrix in inhibiting the development of acinar tissue without decreasing the amount of ducts and mesenchyme; TGF-beta 1 also promotes the development of endocrine cells, in particular of insulin-containing beta cells and of cells expressing genes of the PP-fold family. These results show that cytokines can modulate the development of the pancreas and suggest a role for TGF-beta 1 in regulating the balance between the acinar and endocrine portions of the gland in vivo. More generally, they are compatible with the notion that, during organogenesis, cytokines act as paracrine factors responsible for the development and maintenance of appropriate proportions of different tissue constituents.

Three-Dimensional Melt-Electrowritten Polycaprolactone/Chitosan Scaffolds Enhance Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1319-1329
Author(s):  
Minami Yoshida ◽  
Paul R. Turner ◽  
M. Azam Ali ◽  
Jaydee D. Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Chitosan Scaffolds

scholarly journals Lymphocyte locomotion and attachment on two-dimensional surfaces and in three-dimensional matrices

1982 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
WS Haston ◽  
JM Shields ◽  
PC Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Peripheral Lymph Node ◽  
Cellulose Esters ◽  
Peripheral Lymph ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Identical Material ◽  
Variable Morphology ◽  
Collagen Lattices

The adhesion and locomotion of mouse peripheral lymph node lymphocytes on 2-D protein- coated substrata and in 3-D matrices were compared. Lymphocytes did not adhere to, or migrate on, 2-D substrata suck as serum- or fibronectin-coated glass. They did attach to and migrate in hydrated 3-D collagen lattices. When the collagen was dehydrated to form a 2-D surface, lymphocyte attachment to it was reduced. We propose that lymphocytes, which are poorly adhesive, are able to attach to and migrate in 3-D matrices by a nonadhesive mechanism such as the extension and expansion of pseudopodia through gaps in the matrix, which could provide purchase for movement in the absence of discrete intermolecular adhesions. This was supported by studies using serum-coated micropore filters, since lymphocytes attached to and migrated into filters with pore sizes large enough (3 or 8 mum) to allow pseudopod penetration but did not attach to filters made of an identical material (cellulose esters) but of narrow pore size (0.22 or 0.45 mum). Cinematographic studies of lymphocyte locomotion in collagen gels were also consistent with the above hypothesis, since lymphocytes showed a more variable morphology than is typically seen on plane surfaces, with formation of many small pseudopodia expanded to give a marked constriction between the cell and the pseudopod. These extensions often remained fixed with respect to the environment as the lymphocyte moved away from or past them. This suggests that the pseudopodia were inserted into gaps in the gel matrix and acted as anchorage points for locomotion.

Association between tension and orientation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts and exogenous collagen fibres in collagen gels in vitro

1982 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
C.G. Bellows ◽  
A.H. Melcher ◽  
J.E. Aubin
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cytochalasin D ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Collagen Fibres ◽  
Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Develop Tension

The relationship between the development of tension in sheets of fibroblasts and the orientation of these cells and collagen fibres in collagen gels was examined. Cell-containing, three-dimensional collagen gels were established in agarose-coated Epon dies measuring 10 mm X 4 mm X 4 mm, to which pieces of demineralized tooth and bone had been attached at opposite ends. Contraction of the gel into an opaque structure suspended between the two particles occurred over 24 h and resulted in concave upper and lateral surfaces and a flat to slightly concave lower surface. Initial orientation of the fibres along the tooth-bone axis was followed by similar orientation of the cells. Gels cast without cells exhibited no change in dimensions. Release of the tooth particle after 12 or 24 h of incubation led to shortening of the contracted gels 5 min following release. This shortening was significantly greater (P less than 0.001) than that of uncontracted or slightly contracted gels (1 h and 3 h incubation). Gels attached at one end only compacted around the site of attachment but did not show orientation of cells or fibres. Gels containing colcemid or cytochalasin D were only slightly compacted and did not develop tension. Collagen fibres, but not cell in colcemid-containing gels, showed some alignment; neither were aligned in the presence of cytochalasin D. These data suggest that both microtubules and microfilaments are necessary for alignment of cells and the establishment of tension between two points of attachment in collagen gels. Furthermore, they lend support to our previously advanced hypothesis that the development of tension between two points can result in the orientation of the cells along an axis connecting the points of attachment. This could provide a mechanism for the development of oriented fibre systems in vivo.

Stress-Dependent Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB on Fibroblast Migration and Traction Differ in Collagen and Fibrin

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Shreiber ◽  
Paul A. J. Enever ◽  
Robert T. Tranquillo
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Type I ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Fibrin Gels ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Tissue Equivalents ◽  
Stress Dependent ◽  
Statistical Conclusion

Abstract We used our novel assays of cell behavior in tissue equivalents to study the dose-response effects of PDGF-BB on RDF migration and traction in mechanically stressed and stress-free type I collagen and fibrin gels. PDGF-BB increased fibroblast migration significantly in all assays, but the effects on traction depended on the presence of stress and the nature of the ECM. PDGF-BB decreased fibroblast traction in stressed collagen gels, but increased traction in stress-free gels. No statistical conclusion could be inferred for stressed fibrin gels, and increasing PDGF-BB decreased traction in stress-free fibrin gels. These results demonstrate the complex response of fibroblasts to environmental cues, and point to opportunities to orchestrate cell behavior to affect the outcome of wound healing.

Dexamethasone-dependent versus -independent markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition in primary hepatocytes

2010 ◽  
Vol 391 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio Godoy ◽  
Sumathi Lakkapamu ◽  
Markus Schug ◽  
Alexander Bauer ◽  
Joanna D. Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Collagen Gels ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Subsequent Step ◽  
Twist 1 ◽  
Emt Markers

Abstract Recently, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to represent a feature of dedifferentiating hepatocytes in vitro. Three-dimensional soft collagen gels can antagonize but not completely abolish this effect. Hormonal additives to culture media are known to maintain differentiated hepatocyte functions. Therefore, we studied whether insulin and dexamethasone antagonize EMT in cultured hepatocytes. Both hormones antagonized but not completely abolished certain morphological features of EMT. Dexamethasone antagonized acquisition of fibroblastoid shape, whereas insulin favored bile canaliculi formation. In a subsequent step, we analyzed expression of a battery of EMT-related genes. Of all markers tested, vimentin and snail-1 correlated best with morphological features of EMT. Interestingly, dexamethasone reduced expression levels of both vimentin and snail-1, whereas the influence of insulin was less pronounced. An important result of this study is that 12 out of 17 analyzed EMT markers were transcriptionally influenced by dexamethasone (vimentin, snail-1, snail-2, HNF4α, Twist-1, ZEB2, fibronectin, occludin, MMP14, claudin-1, cytokeratin-8, and cytokeratin-18), whereas the remaining factors seemed to be less dependent on dexamethasone. In conclusion, EMT markers in hepatocytes can be classified as dexamethasone-dependent versus -independent.

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