Abstract. Paw edema volume reduction is a useful marker in determining the anti-inflammatory effect of drugs and plant extracts in carrageenan-induced acute inflammation. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Lobaria pulmonaria (LP) and Parmelia caperata (PC), two lichen species, was examined in carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema test. Compared to the controls in carrageenan-induced inflammation (n = 5/group), our results showed that pretreatment by single oral doses with PC extract (50–500 mg/kg) gives better results than LP extract (50–500 mg/kg) in terms of anti-edematous activity, as after 4 h of carrageenan subplantar injection, paw edema formation was inhibited at 82–99% by PC while at 35–49% by LP. The higher anti-inflammatory effect of PC, at all doses, was also observed on the time-course of carrageenan-induced paw edema, displaying profile closely similar to that obtained with diclofenac (25 mg/kg), an anti-inflammatory drug reference (all p < 0.001). Both LP and PC, at all doses, significantly ameliorated liver catalase (CAT) activity (all p < 0.05). However, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and glutathione (GSH) levels were found increased in liver of PC- compared to LP-carrageenan-injected mice. Our findings demonstrated on one hand higher preventive effects of PC compared to LP in a mouse carrageenan-induced inflammatory model and suggested, on the other hand, that anti-inflammatory effects elicited by the two lichens were closely associated with the amelioration in the endogenous antioxidant status of liver.
Effectivity of Holothuria scabra and Spirulina platensis extract combination as an Antiinflammatory Agent Measured by Carrageenan-induced Rat Paw Edema
