Fertilisers differentially affect facultative and obligate parasitic weeds of rice and only occasionally improve yields in infested fields

Three Orobanche spp. viz., O. aegyptiaca, O. cernua and O. ramosa were found to be associated with S. melongena in Banda district. However, the concomitant infestation of O. aegyptiaca with O. cernua and/ or O. ramosa in brinjal plants was not noticed. Moreover some of brinjal fields showed the infestation of O. aegyptiaca with either O. cernua or O. ramose. The infestation of O. aegyptiaca in brinjal plant was recorded in all the twenty examined localities. The highest and lowest disease incidence in brinjal plants was found in Chilla and Gazipur, respectively. Whereas, the maximum and minimum frequency of occurrence of O. aegyptiaca was found in Kurrahi and Palhari. Out of twenty localities, the infestation of O. cernua in brinjal was observed in fourteen localities. The greatest disease incidence and frequency of occurrence of O. cernua were recorded Jakhni and Gazipur. Whereas, the lowest disease incidence and frequency of occurrence of O. cernua were noticed in Hardauli and Jamwara, respectively. Moreover, the infestation of O. ramosa in brinjal plants was found in only nine localities of Banda district. The highest and lowest disease incidence due to O. ramosa in brinjal was recorded in Gazipur and Lakhanpur, respectively. However, maximum frequency of occurrence of O. ramosa was found in Jaspura and the minimum in Mahua. In entire Banda district, 68.10% of the surveyed fields were infested with broomrapes. The highest disease incidence and frequency of occurrence of O. aegyptiaca were recorded in brinjal followed by O. cernua and O. ramosa.

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Transformation of Crops to Herbicide-Resistance and Their Use Against Parasitic Weeds

Plant Biotechnology and In Vitro Biology in the 21st Century - Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-4661-6_113 ◽

1999 ◽

pp. 499-502

Author(s):

D. M. Joel ◽

D. Aviv ◽

T. Surov ◽

V. Portnoy ◽

T. Goldman-Guez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Herbicide Resistance ◽

Parasitic Weeds

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Comparative Metabolomics of Early Development of the Parasitic Plants Phelipanche aegyptiaca and Triphysaria versicolor

Metabolites ◽

10.3390/metabo9060114 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 114 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristen Clermont ◽

Yaxin Wang ◽

Siming Liu ◽

Zhenzhen Yang ◽

Claude dePamphilis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Vascular Tissue ◽

Acid Biosynthesis ◽

Parasitic Weeds ◽

The Family ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Before And After ◽

Comparative Metabolomics ◽

15N Labeling ◽

Aspartate Family

Parasitic weeds of the family Orobanchaceae attach to the roots of host plants via haustoria capable of drawing nutrients from host vascular tissue. The connection of the haustorium to the host marks a shift in parasite metabolism from autotrophy to at least partial heterotrophy, depending on the level of parasite dependence. Species within the family Orobanchaceae span the spectrum of host nutrient dependency, yet the diversity of parasitic plant metabolism remains poorly understood, particularly during the key metabolic shift surrounding haustorial attachment. Comparative profiling of major metabolites in the obligate holoparasite Phelipanche aegyptiaca and the facultative hemiparasite Triphysaria versicolor before and after attachment to the hosts revealed several metabolic shifts implicating remodeling of energy and amino acid metabolism. After attachment, both parasites showed metabolite profiles that were different from their respective hosts. In P. aegyptiaca, prominent changes in metabolite profiles were also associated with transitioning between different tissue types before and after attachment, with aspartate levels increasing significantly after the attachment. Based on the results from 15N labeling experiments, asparagine and/or aspartate-rich proteins were enriched in host-derived nitrogen in T. versicolor. These results point to the importance of aspartate and/or asparagine in the early stages of attachment in these plant parasites and provide a rationale for targeting aspartate-family amino acid biosynthesis for disrupting the growth of parasitic weeds.

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