The phase envelopes of alternative solvents (ionic liquid, CO2) and building blocks of biomass origin (lactic acid, propionic acid)

2010 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Bogel-Łukasik ◽  
Dobrochna Matkowska ◽  
Małgorzata E. Zakrzewska ◽  
Ewa Bogel-Łukasik ◽  
Tadeusz Hofman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Liquid Co2 ◽  
Alternative Solvents

scholarly journals Enhancing Pervaporation Membrane Selectivity by Incorporating Star Macromolecules Modified with Ionic Liquid for Intensification of Lactic Acid Dehydration

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1811
Author(s):  
Valeriia Rostovtseva ◽  
Alexandra Pulyalina ◽  
Roman Dubovenko ◽  
Ilya Faykov ◽  
Kseniya Subbotina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Separation Factor ◽  
Membrane Structure ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemical ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Membrane Components

Modification of polymer matrix by hybrid fillers is a promising way to produce membranes with excellent separation efficiency due to variations in membrane structure. High-performance membranes for the pervaporation dehydration were produced by modifying poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) to facilitate lactic acid purification. Ionic liquid (IL), heteroarm star macromolecules (HSM), and their combination (IL:HSM) were employed as additives to the polymer matrix. The composition and structure of hybrid membranes were characterized by X-ray diffraction and FTIR spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the membranes surface and cross-section morphology. It was established that the inclusion of modifiers in the polymer matrix leads to the change of membrane structure. The influence of IL:HSM was also studied via sorption experiments and pervaporation of water‒lactic acid mixtures. Lactic acid is an essential compound in many industries, including food, pharmaceutical, chemical, while the recovering and purifying account for approximately 50% of its production cost. It was found that the membranes selectively remove water from the feed. Quantum mechanical calculations determine the favorable interactions between various membrane components and the liquid mixture. With IL:HSM addition, the separation factor and performance in lactic acid dehydration were improved compared with pure polymer membrane. The best performance was found for (HSM: IL)-PPO/UPM composite membrane, where the permeate flux and the separation factor of about 0.06 kg m−2 h−1 and 749, respectively, were obtained. The research results demonstrated that ionic liquids in combination with star macromolecules for membrane modification could be a promising approach for membrane design.

scholarly journals Chiroptical activity of hydroxycarboxylic acids with implications for the origin of biological homochirality

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Bocková ◽  
Nykola C. Jones ◽  
Uwe J. Meierhenrich ◽  
Søren V. Hoffmann ◽  
Cornelia Meinert
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Aliphatic Chain ◽  
Monocarboxylic Acids ◽  
Hydroxycarboxylic Acids ◽  
Polarised Light ◽  
Suitable Target ◽  
Anisotropy Spectra

AbstractCircularly polarised light (CPL) interacting with interstellar organic molecules might have imparted chiral bias and hence preluded prebiotic evolution of biomolecular homochirality. The l-enrichment of extra-terrestrial amino acids in meteorites, as opposed to no detectable excess in monocarboxylic acids and amines, has previously been attributed to their intrinsic interaction with stellar CPL revealed by substantial differences in their chiroptical signals. Recent analyses of meteoritic hydroxycarboxylic acids (HCAs) – potential co-building blocks of ancestral proto-peptides – indicated a chiral bias toward the l-enantiomer of lactic acid. Here we report on novel anisotropy spectra of several HCAs using a synchrotron radiation electronic circular dichroism spectrophotometer to support the re-evaluation of chiral biomarkers of extra-terrestrial origin in the context of absolute photochirogenesis. We found that irradiation by CPL which would yield l-excess in amino acids would also yield l-excess in aliphatic chain HCAs, including lactic acid and mandelic acid, in the examined conditions. Only tartaric acid would show “unnatural” d-enrichment, which makes it a suitable target compound for further assessing the relevance of the CPL scenario.

Growth, Inhibition, and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes as Affected by Acidic Conditions

1990 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 652-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONALD E. CONNER ◽  
VIRGINIA N. SCOTT ◽  
DANE T. BERNARD
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Viable Cells ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Lactic Acids

Growth and survival of four strains of Listeria monocytogenes under acidic conditions were investigated. Tryptic soy broth with yeast extract (TSBYE) was acidified with acetic, citric, hydrochloric, lactic, or propionic acid to pH 4.0–6.0, inoculated with L. monocytogenes and incubated at 30 or 4°C. The minimum test pH at which L. monocytogenes did not grow (inhibitory pH) was determined for each acid. In the pH range tested, this inhibitory pH was 5.0 for propionic acid, 4.5 for acetic and lactic acids, and 4.0 for citric and hydrochloric acids. All four strains gave similar results. Subsequent studies were conducted at 10 and 30°C to determine changes in cell populations in TSBYE adjusted to each inhibitory pH. Initial populations of viable cells (104 CFU/ml) were reduced to <10 CFU/ml within 1–3 weeks at 30°C, whereas at 10°C, L. monocytogenes survived for 11–12 weeks in acetic, citric, or propionic acid-adjusted media and for 6 weeks in media adjusted with hydrochloric or lactic acid. The concentration of undissociated lactic acid was 0.002 M at pH 4.5.

Tetracarboxyl-Functionalized Ionic Liquid: Synthesis and Catalytic Properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miaona Feng ◽  
Guoying Zhao ◽  
Hongling Gao ◽  
Suojiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Propylene Oxide ◽  
High Stability ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Potential Applications

Novel tetracarboxyl-functionalized 2,2′-biimidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with different anions were synthesized in two steps from readily available and sustainable starting materials including ammonium acetate, glyoxal, and halogenated propionic acid. The functionalized IL exhibited higher catalytic activity towards the cycloaddition of CO2 to terminal epoxides. With propylene oxide as a substrate, the optimum yield of propylene carbonate reached 82.7 % at an initial CO2 pressure of 2.0 MPa for 4 h at 140°C. Moreover, the functionalized IL catalyst displayed a high stability and can be reused for at least five cycles without obvious loss of catalytic activity. The results provide a simple and economical way to synthesize multi-functionalized imidazolium-based ILs with versatile potential applications.

Phosphonium ionic liquids as new, reactive extractants of lactic acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marták ◽  
Š. Schlosser
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Reverse Micelles ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Cyphos Il 101 ◽  
Cyphos Il 104 ◽  
Phosphonium Ionic Liquids

AbstractSolvent properties of ionic liquids with trihexyltetradecylphosphonium cation and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate anion (Cyphos IL-104) or chloride anion (Cyphos IL-101) were studied. IL-104 effectively extracted lactic acid (LA) with distribution coefficients above 40 at low acid concentrations. IL-104 extracted only undissociated acid (LAH) what supported the coordination mechanism of lactic acid extraction via H-bonding. In the extraction of lactic acid by phosphonium chloride (IL-101) an ion-exchange mechanism contributed remarkably to the extraction especially at basic pH where anionic form of this acid predominated. A high solubility of water in hydrophobic IL-104 up to 14.4 mass % was connected with the formation of reverse micelles. A dual mechanism of water extraction to phosphonium ionic liquids was identified, which consisted of water incorporation into reverse micelles and the inclusion of water into the hydrated complex of lactic acid with ionic liquid (IL). The extraction of lactic acid caused splitting of reverse micelles with liberation of water from the solvent. In the saturated solvent only hydration water remained in the complex of lactic acid with phosphonium ionic liquid, with the suggested structure (LAH)p(IL)(H2O)2, where the value of p ranged from 1 to 3.

scholarly journals Solvent strength of ionic liquid/CO2 mixtures

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (13) ◽  
pp. 3280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. Fredlake ◽  
Mark J. Muldoon ◽  
Sudhir N. V. K. Aki ◽  
Tom Welton ◽  
Joan F. Brennecke
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Liquid Co2 ◽  
Solvent Strength

scholarly journals Complex whey utilization: the propionic acid alternative

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aladár Vidra ◽  
András József Tóth ◽  
Áron Németh
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Lactic Acid Content ◽  
Lactose Utilization ◽  
Acid Producing Bacteria ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Whey is the complex waste of the dairy industry. Despite the fact, that it has numerous applications (like different form of food supplements), its major amount is still handled as waste. The carbohydrate, protein and lactic acid content, as well as the COD and BOD, are sufficiently high warranting disposal as waste resulting in high costs; however, their levels are insufficient for the cost-effective isolation and purification. Most of the numerous reports on whey utilisation focus on lactose utilization, while lactic acid removal is complex, but necessary, particularly in case of sour whey decontamination. According to our best knowledge among the microbial fermentation, the only lactic acid (as carbon source) utilization process is propionic acid fermentation. Propionic acid is an attractive product with a wide application range. In this study, two propionic acid producing microorganisms were investigated in terms of industrial applicability. The propionic acid producing bacteria are generally characterized by anaerobic metabolism (except the pathogenic P. acne); but, for application in a biorefinery, facultative anaerobe behavior is the most appropriate and cost-effective. In this study, the aero-tolerances of Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. shermanii and Propionibacterium acidipropionici were examined; their propionic acid-producing properties (yield, concentration, substrate preference, productivity) were compared.

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