Anti-nutrient & bioactive profile, in vitro nutrient digestibility, techno-functionality, molecular and structural interactions of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) as influenced by biological processing techniques

2021 ◽  
pp. 130815
Author(s):  
Rajan Sharma ◽  
Savita Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Structural Interactions ◽  
Processing Techniques

Physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities and protective effect against acute ethanol-induced hepatic injury in mice of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) bran oil

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1763-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Pang ◽  
Shujian He ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Xinmin Cao ◽  
Lili Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Acute Ethanol

Millets are good sources of nutraceuticals. Oil extracted from foxtail millet bran proved to be a nutrient by its antioxidant activitiesin vitroand ameliorating effects against ethanol-induced hepatic injury in mice.

scholarly journals In vitro Evaluation of Bacterial Endophytes for Biocontrol of Pythium aphanidermatum and Plant Growth Promotion in Setaria italica L. Grown in Seedling Trays

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Raveendra Reddy ◽  
M. K. Shivaprakash ◽  
S. Adithya
Keyword(s):  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pythium Aphanidermatum ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Causal Organism

An investigation study was carried to test the ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from small millets as a biocontrol agent against the fungal pathogen Pythium aphanidermatum, the causal organism of sheath blight in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) grown in seedling trays under greenhouse conditions. In total twelve bacterial endophytes were isolated out of which six isolates produced β -1, 3 glucanases, 11 isolates produced chitinases and 12 isolates produced siderophores under in-vitro conditions. All these bacterial endophytic isolates inhibited mycelial growth of Pythium aphanidermatum in plate assay and liquid culture and the highest percent inhibition of mycelium was recorded in KMS5 (44.44%) followed by KMS1 (38.89%). In seedling trays, BMR7 and KMS5 (81.66%) had recorded the highest percent germination followed by KMS1 (79.62%) and KMS1 and KMS5 took 10.85 and 10.55 days respectively for 50% seed germination compared to control (13.50 days) which was treated with pathogen alone. Lowest pre-emergence disease incidence was noticed in KMS5 (14.03%) followed by KMS1 (16.18%) whereas T1 (Control) recorded maximum pre-emergence disease incidence (39.82%) was observed. Least post-emergence disease incidence (11.36) and biocontrol efficacy (68.74%) was recorded with KMS5. Apart from showing antagonistic activity, KMS5 had recorded a significantly higher seedling vigor index (2712.97), root length (18.12 cm), shoot length (15.10 cm), root dry weight (0.158 g) and shoot dry weight (0.76 g) compared to other bacterial endophytic isolates.

Specific Labeling of Protein Domains with Antibody Fragments

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
U. Aebi ◽  
L.E. Buhle ◽  
W.E. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Antibody Fragments ◽  
Supramolecular Organization ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Virus Capsids ◽  
Processing Techniques

Many important supramolecular structures such as filaments, microtubules, virus capsids and certain membrane proteins and bacterial cell walls exist as ordered polymers or two-dimensional crystalline arrays in vivo. In several instances it has been possible to induce soluble proteins to form ordered polymers or two-dimensional crystalline arrays in vitro. In both cases a combination of electron microscopy of negatively stained specimens with analog or digital image processing techniques has proven extremely useful for elucidating the molecular and supramolecular organization of the constituent proteins. However from the reconstructed stain exclusion patterns it is often difficult to identify distinct stain excluding regions with specific protein subunits. To this end it has been demonstrated that in some cases this ambiguity can be resolved by a combination of stoichiometric labeling of the ordered structures with subunit-specific antibody fragments (e.g. Fab) and image processing of the electron micrographs recorded from labeled and unlabeled structures.

Variation and Correlation Analysis of Hay Forage Quality Traits of Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.]

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 800-807
Author(s):  
Hui ZHI ◽  
Zhen-Gang NIU ◽  
Guan-Qing JIA ◽  
Yang CHAI ◽  
Wei LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Forage Quality ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Quality Traits

Genetic Studies with Foxtail Millet, Setaria Italica (L.) Beauv. 1

1940 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 426-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Li ◽  
J. C. Meng ◽  
C. H. Li
Keyword(s):  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Genetic Studies

scholarly journals Effects of ractopamine hydrochloride on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen excretion of finishing beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B N Harsh ◽  
B J Klatt ◽  
M J Volk ◽  
A R Green-Miller ◽  
J C McCann
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Distillers Grains With Solubles ◽  
Ractopamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

Abstract The objective was to quantify the effects of the beta-adrenergic agonist (β-AA) ractopamine hydrochloride (Actogain, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) on nitrogen excretion and nutrient digestibility in feedlot cattle. In experiment 1, twelve Simmental × Angus steers were blocked by bodyweight (531 ± 16 kg) and used in a randomized complete block design. Dietary treatments included: 1) a control without β-AA (CON) or 2) 400 mg/steer/d ractopamine hydrochloride (RAC) for 35 d before slaughter. Diets contained (DM basis) 55% dry rolled corn, 20% corn silage, 15% modified wet distillers grains with solubles, and 10% supplement. For each block, total collection of feed, orts, feces and urine were conducted for two 5 d sampling periods during week 2 and 4 of RAC supplementation. No interaction (P > 0.21) between treatment and collection period was observed for any parameter evaluated. Dietary treatment had no effect (P = 0.51) on DMI, but RAC had decreased fecal DM output (P = 0.04) compared with CON. Thus, RAC had greater apparent total tract DM digestibility (77.2 vs. 73.5%; P < 0.01), N digestibility (72.4 vs. 69.4%; P = 0.01), and NDF digestibility (65.6 vs. 60.2%; P < 0.01) than CON. Although treatment did not affect nitrogen intake (P = 0.52), RAC tended to reduce total nitrogen excretion (113.3 vs. 126.7 g/d; P = 0.10) compared with CON due to a tendency for decreased fecal nitrogen output (53.9 vs. 61.3 g/d; P = 0.10). However, dietary treatment had no effect (P = 0.53) on urinary nitrogen output or percentage of urinary nitrogen excreted as urea (P = 0.28). Experiment 2 was an in vitro experiment conducted to validate the effects of RAC on nutrient digestibility using Simmental × Angus heifers (451 ± 50 kg). Rumen fluid was collected individually by stomach tube from CON- (n = 9) and RAC-fed (n = 10) heifers to inoculate bottles containing a CON or RAC-containing substrate in a split-plot design. No interaction between rumen fluid source and in vitro substrate was observed. Greater IVDMD (P = 0.01) was observed in rumen fluid from RAC-fed heifers compared with rumen fluid from CON-fed heifers. Inclusion of RAC in the in vitro substrate increased IVDMD (P < 0.01). Overall, feeding RAC increased microbial digestion of the dry-rolled corn-based finishing diet to increase total tract dry mater digestion by 5% and reduce nitrogen excretion by 10.6% in the 35 d period prior to slaughter.

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