Analysis of various crown variables on stem form for Cunninghamia lanceolata based on ANN and taper function

2022 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 119973
Author(s):  
Ruiting Liang ◽  
Yujun Sun ◽  
Lai Zhou ◽  
Yifu Wang ◽  
Siyu Qiu ◽  
...  
FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Jorge Téo ◽  
Alan Marcon ◽  
Tiago Ehlers ◽  
Júlio César Bianchi ◽  
Adriano Peloso ◽  
...  

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram ajustar e selecionar modelos de afilamento para estimar diâmetros a várias alturas e volume total, com e sem casca, de árvores de Pinus elliottii Engelm., na região de Caçador, SC, para estudar a forma dos fustes das árvores de diferentes idades. Ao todo, 78 árvores, com idades de 10, 18 e 27 anos, foram abatidas, cubadas rigorosamente e tiveram os seus volumes obtidos por meio do método de Smalian. Os modelos de afilamento testados foram os Polinômios de 2º e de 5º Graus e o Polinômio de Potências Fracionárias de Hradetzky. A função de afilamento que apresentou melhor desempenho para estimar o diâmetro com e sem casca ao longo do fuste das árvores foram baseadas no Polinômio de Potências Fracionárias de Hradetzky, para as idades de 10, 18 e 27 anos. O Polinômio de 2º Grau propiciou as melhores estimativas de volume total com casca para as idades de 10 e 27 anos e de volume total sem casca para as idades de 18 e 27 anos. Já o Polinômio de Potências Fracionárias apresentou melhores estimativas de volume com casca para 18 anos e de volume sem casca para árvores de 10 anos. Os fustes das árvores de Pinus elliottii apresentam melhor forma nas idades mais avançadas. AbstractTaper models for Pinus elliottii, at different ages, in the region of Caçador - SC. The research aims to fit and select taper models in order to estimate diameters at different heights and total volumes, inside and outside bark, of Pinus elliottii Engelm. trees, in the region of Caçador - SC, Brazil, as well as to analyze  behavior of stem form for trees at different ages. Altogether, 78 trees at 10, 18 and 27 years of age, had been cut and their volumes obtained by Smalian method. The taper models tested were the 2nd and 5th Degree Polynomial and the Hradetzky Polynomial of Fractioned Potencies. The best performance taper function for estimate diameters inside and outside bark throughout the stem were based on the Hradetzky Polynomial of Fractioned Potencies, for 10, 18 and 27 years of age. The 2nd Degree Polynomial provided the best estimates of outside bark volume for 10 and 27 years of age, and of inside bark volume for 18 and 27 years of age, although the Hradetzky Polynomial presented the best estimates of outside bark volume for 18 years of age and of inside bark volume for 10 years old trees. The stems of the Pinus elliottii trees present better form for the oldest tress.Keywords: Polynomial models; profile models; stem form.


2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1113-1123
Author(s):  
Mateus Niroh Inoue Sanquetta ◽  
John Paul McTague ◽  
Henrique Ferraço Scolforo ◽  
Alexandre Behling ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sanquetta ◽  
...  

Taper functions have been widely used for various purposes. Several functions were developed and successfully applied; however, most of these functions fail to account for the influence of stand-level and individual-tree effects of variation on the stem profile. Hence, we aimed in this study to assess how these factors influence the stem profile of black wattle (Acacia mearnsii De Wild.) trees in southern Brazil. There is a notable necessity for developing a domestic market for black wattle solid wood. The database was composed of 218 black wattle trees at age 10 years distributed across the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A dimensionally compatible taper equation combined with the mixed-effect modeling approach was used. Additionally, auxiliary variables were included to build a generalized taper function that explains stem form variations. In general, all variables showed a significant influence on the stem profile, except the crown ratio. The inclusion of relative spacing and tree hierarchical position in the taper function resulted in higher accuracy when estimating stem diameters and total tree volume. This study indicates that accounting for attributes at the stand and individual-tree levels may improve stem profile predictions, as well as the biological soundness of the taper function.


1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Newnham

The variable-form taper function was tested on a data set of 5074 trees, consisting of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.), lodgepole pine {Pinuscontorta Dougl.), white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss), and trembling aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.), from Alberta. When compared with the results of tests performed on the same data using the variable-exponent function and the segmented polynomial model, the variable-form model was found to be superior (based on residual mean squares) for estimating both upper stem diameter ratios and total stem volumes. The two pine species could be combined and a single taper function used without significant loss of accuracy. Stem form in two of the volume sampling regions was significantly different from that in other regions of the province, but this may have been because the samples were not representative of the two regions. The variable-form function gave accurate and unbiased estimates of both merchantable height and merchantable volume.


Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Saulo Jorge Téo ◽  
Eder Pereira Miguel ◽  
Rodrigo Geroni Mendes Nascimento

Este trabalho teve como objetivo ajustar e selecionar modelos de afilamento para estimar diâmetros, volume por seção e volume acumulado com casca, ao longo do tronco de árvores de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden, em Rio Verde – GO, para estudar a forma dos fustes das árvores em diferentes classes de sítio. Foram cubadas rigorosamente pelo método de Smalian, 812 árvores em um povoamento florestal cuja densidade inicial foi de 1.111 árvores por hectare, com idade de 80 meses. Os modelos de afilamento testados foram os Polinômios de 2º e de 5º Graus e o Polinômio de Potências Fracionárias e Inteiras de Hradetzky. A função de afilamento mais acurada para estimar os diâmetros e volumes por seção, ao longo do fuste das árvores foi o Polinômio de Hradetzky, para todas as classes de sítio testadas. No entanto, para estimar os volumes acumulados, a função de afilamento de melhor desempenho foi o Polinômio de 5º Grau para as classes de sítio II e III, e o Polinômio de Hradetzky, para a classe de sítio I. Os fustes das árvores de Eucalyptus grandis apresentam melhor forma nos sítios de melhor qualidade, enquanto na pior classe de sítio, apresentam maior conicidade.Palavras-chave: modelos polinomiais, perfil do fuste, Eucalyptus grandis. TAPER MODELS AND STEM FORM OF EUCALYPTUS, IN DIFFERENT SITE QUALITIES ABSTRACT:The objective of this paper was fitting and selecting taper models to estimate diameters, volume section and accumulated volume outside bark, throughout stem of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex. Maiden trees, in Rio Verde – GO, Brazil, as well as, study the stem form of the trees at different site classes. Altogether, it was measured by Smalian volume calculation procedure, 812 trees of a forest stand with initial density of 1,111 trees per hectare and age of 80 months. The taper models tested was the 2º and 5º Degree Polynomial and the Hradetzky Polynomial of Fractioned and Entire Potencies. The most accurate taper function for estimating diameters and volume section outside bark, throughout stem was Hradetzky Polynomial function, for all site classes tested. However, to estimate accumulated volume outside bark, the best performance was the 5º Degree Polynomial taper function for II and III site classes, and the Hradetzky Polynomial, for the site class I. The stems of the Eucalyptus grandis trees present better form in the sites with better quality, whereas in the poorest site class the stems are more conical.Keywords: polynomial models, stem profile, Eucalyptus grandis.


2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
WU Jun-Jun ◽  
◽  
YANG Zhi-Jie ◽  
LIU Xiao-Fei ◽  
XIONG De-Cheng ◽  
...  

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Ville Luoma ◽  
Tuomas Yrttimaa ◽  
Ville Kankare ◽  
Ninni Saarinen ◽  
Jiri Pyörälä ◽  
...  

Tree growth is a multidimensional process that is affected by several factors. There is a continuous demand for improved information on tree growth and the ecological traits controlling it. This study aims at providing new approaches to improve ecological understanding of tree growth by the means of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). Changes in tree stem form and stem volume allocation were investigated during a five-year monitoring period. In total, a selection of attributes from 736 trees from 37 sample plots representing different forest structures were extracted from taper curves derived from two-date TLS point clouds. The results of this study showed the capability of point cloud-based methods in detecting changes in the stem form and volume allocation. In addition, the results showed a significant difference between different forest structures in how relative stem volume and logwood volume increased during the monitoring period. Along with contributing to providing more accurate information for monitoring purposes in general, the findings of this study showed the ability and many possibilities of point cloud-based method to characterize changes in living organisms in particular, which further promote the feasibility of using point clouds as an observation method also in ecological studies.


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