Examining the possibility of using ratios of element mass fractions as markers for origin determination of soya and canola based biodiesels. Measurement procedure validation to underpin this study

Fuel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Paredes ◽  
S.Z. Can ◽  
C.R. Quétel
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Origin Determination

scholarly journals Emission determination of fluorine using «Grand-Potok» complex with sample injection into dc arc by spill-injection method

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (1II)) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
G. A. Shevelev ◽  
L. I. Vasilenko ◽  
O. M. Pakhorukova ◽  
O. N. Kosheleva ◽  
T. S. Turmagambetov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Fluorine Concentration ◽  
Injection Method ◽  
Photodetector Array ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Molecular Lines ◽  
Fluorine Determination

An additional photodetector array BLPP-369 was installed on a «Grand-Potok» complex for rapid atomic-emission determination of the fluorine concentration in fluorite samples. Introduction of fluorite samples was carried out using the spill-injection method simultaneously with high pure calcium oxide introduction using the second conveyor belt. The use of an additional photodetector array with a spectral range of 528 – 536 nm provides the possibility of expanding the spectrum of CaF molecular lines with the intensity sufficient for determination of fluorine concentrations in fluorite samples. A calibration curve for fluorine determination in a concentration range of 0.12 – 47.63% was plotted using measurement results for 200 fluorite samples. Integration of the additional photodetector array provided increased detection limit for the mass fractions of fluorine up to the maximum possible concentrations in fluorite samples. The observed effect simplifies and speeds up the analysis in the absence of the necessity to dilute the sample, thus reducing the error of measurements. The results show that there is no need to introduce additional buffer mixtures (except CaO) and use reference lines to determine the fluorine concentration, which also simplifies the measurement procedure.

scholarly journals Significance of the particle physical properties and the Geldart group in the use of correlations for the prediction of minimum fluidization velocity of biomass–sand binary mixtures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Edwards Cáceres-Martínez ◽  
Diana Carolina Guío-Pérez ◽  
Sonia Lucía Rincón-Prat
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Minimum Fluidization Velocity ◽  
Fluidization Velocity ◽  
Minimum Fluidization ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
Char Particle ◽  
Geldart Groups ◽  
Biomass Particles

AbstractThe present study explores the relevance of the physical properties of biomass particles on the determination of the minimum fluidization velocity (Umf) of binary mixtures. Fluidization experiments were performed in a cold flow unit with diverse biomasses mixed with sand in different mass fractions. Gas velocity and pressure drop across the bed were used to determine Umf. Different correlations reported in the literature were evaluated on their ability to accurately predict Umf of the mixtures. Results showed satisfactory predictions when appropriately identifying correlations according to the corresponding Geldart groups for the biomass particles. This perspective opens new possibilities toward the generalization of correlation factors and helps in improving the accuracy of the prediction for highly heterogeneous mixtures. The methodology also allows the analysis of mixtures for which the experimental approach is difficult, such as those including char particle, with the only requirement of carefully measuring the physical properties of the particles.

Evaluation of flow injection analysis for determination of urea in sheep's and cow's milk

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Baumgartner ◽  
Martina Flöck ◽  
Petra Winter ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Routine Diagnostics ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Teflon Membrane ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Spectral Photometry

Difficulties in measuring the urea content in sheep's milk often occur with spectral photometry due to the high protein and fat concentrations of the milk. In this study an enzymatic flow procedure (QuickChem 8000 Ion Analyser, Lachat Instruments, Milwaukee, USA) to determine the urea content in ovine and bovine milk was evaluated. Urea content is determined by the Berthelot reaction after splitting it enzymatically with urease. The free ammonia diffuses through a teflon membrane into a stream of reagent solutions. Detection takes place by means of a reaction between the ammonium ions with hypochlorite and salicylate producing a green colour, which is measured spectrometrically in a flow meter at 660 nm. By using a diffusion cell chemical deproteinisation of milk is not necessary and capacity is high. The assessed procedure exhibited high accuracy and precision and reached a sample capacity of 55 samples an hour. Storage of the milk samples for several days as well as chemical preservation with bronopol had no effect on the measurement procedure. Due to the complexity of the apparatus and the costs associated therewith, the device proves less suitable for routine diagnostics but rather serves as a reference method for the measurement of urea concentration in milk.

Comparison of calibration curve fitting methods in the determination of H2S mass fractions in natural gas by GC-SCD

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 2241-2248
Author(s):  
Elcio C. Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo F. Calili ◽  
Anderson L. S. Ferreira ◽  
Alexandre A. Ferreira ◽  
Soraya N. Sakalem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Curve Fitting ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Mass Fractions
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