scholarly journals Land use and soil types affect macropore network, organic carbon and nutrient retention, Lithuania

2021 ◽  
pp. e00473
Author(s):  
Mykola Kochiieru ◽  
Krzysztof Lamorski ◽  
Dalia Feizienė ◽  
Virginijus Feiza ◽  
Alvyra Šlepetienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Soil Types

scholarly journals Properties of humic acids depending on the land use in different parts of Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Banach-Szott ◽  
Bozena Debska ◽  
Erika Tobiasova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic Matter Quality ◽  
Degree Of Maturity ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

AbstractMany studies report organic carbon stabilization by clay minerals, but the effects of land use and soil type on the properties of humic acids (HAs) are missing. The aim of the paper is to determine the effects of land use and soil types on the characteristics of HAs, which have a considerable influence on organic matter quality. It was hypothesised that the effect of the land use on HAs properties depends on the particular size distribution. The research was performed in three ecosystems: agricultural, forest, and meadow, located in Slovakia. From each of them, the samples of 4 soil types were taken: Chernozem, Luvisol, Planosol, and Cambisol. The soil samples were assayed for the content of total organic carbon (TOC) and the particle size distribution. HAs were extracted with the Schnitzer method and analysed for the elemental composition, spectrometric parameters in the UV-VIS range, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, and the infrared spectra were produced. The research results have shown that the properties of HAs can be modified by the land use and the scope and that the direction of changes depends on the soil type. The HAs of Chernozem and Luvisol in the agri-ecosystem were identified with a higher “degree of maturity”, as reflected by atomic ratios (H/C, O/C, O/H), absorbance coefficients, and the FT-IR spectra, as compared with the HAs of the meadow and forest ecosystem. However, as for the HAs of Cambisol, a higher “degree of maturity” was demonstrated for the meadow ecosystem, as compared with the HAs of the agri- and forest ecosystem. The present research has clearly identified that the content of clay is the factor determining the HAs properties. Soils with a higher content of the clay fraction contain HAs with a higher “degree of maturity”.

Soil organic carbon temperature sensitivity of different soil types and land use systems in the Brazilian semi‐arid region

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoécio Malta Ferreira Maia ◽  
Giordano Bruno Medeiros Gonzaga ◽  
Leilane Kristine dos Santos Silva ◽  
Guilherme Bastos Lyra ◽  
Tâmara Cláudia de Araújo Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Land use change in Amazonian Dark Earth and Acrisol: Responses of organic carbon, organic matter composition and microbial carbon utilisation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Jarosch ◽  
Luis Carlos Colocho Hurtarte ◽  
Konstantin Gavazov ◽  
Aleksander Westphal Muniz ◽  
Christoph Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Amazonian Dark Earth

<p>The conversion of tropical forest for cassava cultivation is widely known to decrease the soil organic matter (OM) and nutrient contents of highly weathered soils in the tropics. Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE) might be affected less due to their historical anthropogenic amelioration with e.g. charcoal, ceramics and bones, leading to higher soil OM and nutrient concentrations. In this study, we analysed the effect of land use change on the OM dynamics and its composition under tropical conditions, using ADE and an adjacent Acrisol (ACR) as model systems. Soil samples were obtained south of Manaus (Brazil), from a secondary forest and an adjacently located 40-year-old cassava plantation. The land use change induced a severe decrease of organic carbon (OC) concentrations in ADE (from 35 to 15 g OC kg<sup>‑1</sup>) while OC in the adjacent ACR was less affected (18 to 16 g OC kg<sup>‑1</sup>). Soils were analysed by <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy to obtain information on how the conversion of secondary forest to cassava affected the chemical composition of OM. Our results show that land use change induces differences in the OM composition: The OM in ADE changes to a more decomposed state (increase of alkyl:O/N-alkyl ratio) whereas the OM in ACR changes to a less decomposed state (decrease of alkyl:O/N-alkyl ratio). According to a molecular mixing model, land use change influenced mostly the proportion of lipids, which might be related with a change of the plant input. The incubation of the soils with <sup>13</sup>C glucose enabled resolving how soil microorganisms were affected by land use change. In both soil types ADE and ACR, land use change caused a reduction of the total <sup>13</sup>C glucose respiration by approximately one third in a 7-days incubation, implying lower microbial activity. Microorganisms in both soil types appear to be more readily active in soils under forest, since we observed a distinct lag time between <sup>13</sup>C glucose addition and respiration under cassava planation. This indicated differences in microbial community structure, which we will assess further by determining the <sup>13</sup>C label uptake by the microbial biomass and the microbial community structure using <sup>13</sup>C PLFA analysis. Preliminary results from synchrotron-based STXM demonstrate a distinct arrangement of OM at fine-sized charcoal-particle interfaces. Samples of soils receiving <sup>13</sup>C label will be further analysed by NanoSIMS with the hypothesis that charcoal interfaces foster nutrient dynamics at the microscale. Despite the high loss of OC in the ameliorated ADE through land use change, the remaining OM might improve the nutrient availability thanks to charcoal interactions compared to the ACR. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the sensitivity of OM upon land use change and how the microbial community is responding to land use change in highly weathered tropical soils.</p>

Comparison of the particulate organic carbon and permanganate oxidation methods for estimating labile soil organic carbon

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Skjemstad ◽  
R. S. Swift ◽  
J. A. McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particulate Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Degraded Soil ◽  
Labile Organic Carbon ◽  
Labile Soil Organic Carbon

Forty-four soils from under native vegetation and a range of management practices following clearing were analysed for ‘labile’ organic carbon (OC) using both the particulate organic carbon (POC) and the 333 mm KmnO4 (MnoxC) methods. Although there was some correlation between the 2 methods, the POC method was more sensitive by about a factor of 2 to rapid loss in OC as a result of management or land-use change. Unlike the POC method, the MnoxC method was insensitive to rapid gains in TOC following establishment of pasture on degraded soil. The MnoxC method was shown to be particularly sensitive to the presence of lignin or lignin-like compounds and therefore is likely to be very sensitive to the nature of the vegetation present at or near the time of sampling and explains the insensitivity of this method to OC gain under pasture. The presence of charcoal is an issue with both techniques, but whereas the charcoal contribution to the POC fraction can be assessed, the MnoxC method cannot distinguish between charcoal and most biomolecules found in soil. Because of these limitations, the MnoxC method should not be applied indiscriminately across different soil types and management practices.

scholarly journals The greenhouse gas balance of a drained fen peatland is mainly controlled by land-use rather than soil organic carbon content

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 5161-5184 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Eickenscheidt ◽  
J. Heinichen ◽  
M. Drösler
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Chamber Technique

Abstract. Drained organic soils are considered to be hotspots for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Arable lands and intensively used grasslands, in particular, have been regarded as the main producers of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O). However, GHG balances of former peatlands and associated organic soils not considered to be peatland according to the definition of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have not been investigated so far. Therefore, our study addressed the question to what extent the soil organic carbon (SOC) content affects the GHG release of drained organic soils under two different land-use types (arable land and intensively used grassland). Both land-use types were established on a Mollic Gleysol (labeled Cmedium) as well as on a Sapric Histosol (labeled Chigh). The two soil types differed significantly in their SOC contents in the topsoil (Cmedium: 9.4–10.9 % SOC; Chigh: 16.1–17.2 % SOC). We determined GHG fluxes over a period of 1 or 2 years in case of N2O or methane (CH4) and CO2, respectively. The daily and annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 was determined by measuring NEE and the ecosystem respiration (RECO) with the closed dynamic chamber technique and by modeling the RECO and the gross primary production (GPP). N2O and CH4 were measured with the static closed chamber technique. Estimated NEE of CO2 differed significantly between the two land-use types, with lower NEE values (−6 to 1707 g CO2-C m−2 yr−1) at the arable sites and higher values (1354 to 1823 g CO2-C m−2 yr−1) at the grassland sites. No effect on NEE was found regarding the SOC content. Significantly higher annual N2O exchange rates were observed at the arable sites (0.23–0.86 g N m−2 yr−1) than at the grassland sites (0.12–0.31 g N m−2 yr−1). Furthermore, N2O fluxes from the Chigh sites significantly exceeded those of the Cmedium sites. CH4 fluxes were found to be close to zero at all plots. Estimated global warming potential, calculated for a time horizon of 100 years (GWP100) revealed a very high release of GHGs from all plots ranging from 1837 to 7095 g CO2 eq. m−2 yr−1. Calculated global warming potential (GWP) values did not differ between soil types and partly exceeded the IPCC default emission factors of the Tier 1 approach by far. However, despite being subject to high uncertainties, the results clearly highlight the importance of adjusting the IPCC guidelines for organic soils not falling under the definition in order to avoid a significant underestimation of GHG emissions in the corresponding sectors of the national climate reporting. Furthermore, the present results revealed that mainly the type of land-use, including the management type, and not the SOC content is responsible for the height of GHG exchange from intensive farming on drained organic soils.

Land use effects on organic carbon storage in soils of Bavaria: The importance of soil types

2015 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 296-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Wiesmeier ◽  
Margit von Lützow ◽  
Peter Spörlein ◽  
Uwe Geuß ◽  
Edzard Hangen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Land Use Effects ◽  
Organic Carbon Storage

The sensitivity of water extractable soil organic carbon fractions to land use in three soil types

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1654-1664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ćirić ◽  
Milivoj Belić ◽  
Ljiljana Nešić ◽  
Srđan Šeremešić ◽  
Borivoj Pejić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Carbon Fractions ◽  
Organic Carbon Fractions ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Fractions ◽  
Water Extractable ◽  
Extractable Soil

scholarly journals The greenhouse gas balance of a drained fen peatland is mainly controlled by land-use rather than soil organic carbon content

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 5201-5258 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Eickenscheidt ◽  
J. Heinichen ◽  
M. Drösler
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Chamber Technique

Abstract. Drained organic soils are considered as hotspots for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Particularly arable lands and intensively used grasslands have been regarded as the main producers of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O). However, GHG balances of former peatlands and associated organic soils not considered as peatland according to the definition of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have not been investigated so far. Therefore, our study addressed the question to what extent the soil organic carbon (SOC) content affects the GHG release of drained organic soils under two different land-use types (arable land and intensively used grassland). Both land-use types were established on a mollic Gleysol (named Cmedium) as well as on a sapric Histosol (named Chigh). The two soil types significantly differed in their SOC contents in the topsoil (Cmedium: 9.4–10.9% SOC; Chigh: 16.1–17.2% SOC). We determined GHG fluxes (CO2, N2O and methane (CH4)) over a period of 2 years. The daily and annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 was determined with the closed dynamic chamber technique and by modeling the ecosystem respiration (RECO) and the gross primary production (GPP). N2O and CH4 were determined by the close chamber technique. Estimated NEE of CO2 significantly differed between the two land-use types with lower NEE values (−6 to 1707 g CO2–C m−2 yr−1) at the arable sites and higher values (1354 to 1823 g CO2–C m−2 yr−1) at the grassland sites. No effect on NEE was found regarding the SOC content. Significantly higher annual N2O exchange rates were observed at the arable sites (0.23–0.86 g N m−2 yr−1) compared to the grassland sites (0.12–0.31 g N m−2 yr−1). Furthermore, N2O fluxes from the Chigh sites significantly exceeded those of the Cmedium sites. CH4 fluxes were found to be close to zero at all plots. Estimated global warming potential, calculated for a time horizon of 100 years (GWP100) revealed a very high release of GHGs from all plots ranging from 1837 to 7095 g CO2 eq. m−2 yr−1. Calculated global warming potential (GWP) values did not differ between soil types and partly exceeded the IPCC default emission factors of the Tier 1 approach by far. However, despite being subject to high uncertainties, the results clearly highlight the importance to adjust the IPCC guidelines for organic soils not falling under the definition, to avoid a significant underestimation of GHG emissions in the corresponding sectors of the national climate reporting. Furthermore, the present results revealed that mainly the land-use including the management and not the SOC content is responsible for the height of GHG exchange from intensive farming on drained organic soils.

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